Abstracts Vol. 1 [International Conference on AIDS (11th: 1996: Vancouver, Canada)]

Track D: Social Science: Research, Policy & Action
Mo.D. 1719
PREDICTORS OF PREFERENCE FOR ALCOHOL USE WITH SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
AMONG WHITE AND AFRICAN AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS
Manteuffel, Brigitte A, Dilorio, Colleen K, Soet, Johanna, Dudley William, Stephens,Torrance.
mory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Objective: To determine predictors of preference for alcohol use with sexual intercourse
among white and African American college students.
Methods: Data collected from 1,480 sexually active white and African Ame ican students
raisndomly selected from 6 colleges and universities in a large southeastern city as part of a
larger study related to HIV prevention. Sexually active white males (30I-WM). white
females (463-WF), African American males (1I96-AM) and African American females (481 -AF) were examined separately using hierarchical regression analyses to determine to what
extent I) demographic factors of age, income and religiosity; 2) general and sex-based
parental communication; and 3) social cognitive factors related to commruinication including
self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, risk-taking, peer and partner norms, and self-reported
communication with sexual partners contributed to the variance in preference for alcohol
use with sexual intercourse, controlling for alcohol use.
Results:Variance explained by the model for each group was.53.18,.56, and.38 respectively. General alcohol use explained most variance in each model (t=- 13.01, 13.77, 10.43,
12.93); additional factors contributing significantly varied by gender and ethnicity: WM---anxiety related to communicating about sexual issues (t=2.80) and self-reported behavior of
communicating with a sexual partner (t=- I-1.97);WF -risk-taking (t=3. I 8), and self-efficacy
for saying no to unsafe sexual practices (t=-2.46); AM -age (t=2.60), and self-efficacy for
saying no to sex (t=-2.63); AF sex-based discussion with parents (t=2.28), risk-taking
(t=-2.20), self-efficacy for avoiding sex when drinking (t=-2.54), positive outcome expectancies for discussion with partner (t=-2.34), and perceived partner preference for discussion
(t =-2.05)).
Conclusions: Contributors to and deterrents of preferences for alcohol use with sex may
differ by gender and ethnicity. Programs that address drinking and sexual activity should be
tailored to characteristics unique to specific groups of college students. Further examination
of drinking patterns in relation to sexual behavior is needed. National Institute of Nursing
Research No. I RO I NR03 i 24-0 I AI
B.A. Manteuffel, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory Universily, 15 I18 Clifton Rd., NE,
Room 556, Atlanta, GA 30322, USATeI: 404-727-8740 FAX 404-727-I 369
ernrail:[email protected]
Mo.D. 1720
ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN HIV/AIDS PREVENTION KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND
BEHAVIORS OF FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS
Soet, Johanna E., Dudley, B., Dilorio, C., Manteuffel, B. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory
University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Objectives: To examine ethnic differences in HIV/AIDS prevention:nowledge, attitudes, and
behaviors of female college students.
Methods: Ethnic differences in knowledge, attitudes and behavior were examnined using data
collected flom students randomly selected from registrar lists at six colleges and universities
in a large metropolitan area in the southeastern U.S. Respondenls who reported that they
were female, single, ages I8-25, sexually active, and that they were White (n =- 414) or
Black (n = 443) were included.The mean age of this subsample was 20.6.The variables
examined were AIDS and safer sex knowledge, outcome expectancies (OE) for condom
use, discussion of safer sex, and abstinence, general risk-taking attitudes, sexual history condam use and discussion of safer sex with partner
Results: Ethnic differences in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior were rmxed. No differences
were found in knowledge. Black women nitiated vaginal intercourse sityrificar t!y younger
x= 16.4) than their White counterparts (x = 16.9, p<.001). However; Black women reported more positive safe sex attitudes (p<.001) and behaviors (p.001 ) Ithanr Whites.
Multivariate regression analyses were used to examine association among demographics,
sexual history, and perceived vulnerability and the outcome variables.tre overall models
accounted for 24 of the variance in attitudes and 13% of the variance in behaviors.While
race was the most important predictor of attitudes and behavior religiosity perceived vulnerability and sexual history contributed to an increase in R2 The pattern of prediction
indicates that religiosity predicted QE for abstinence ( I= -1.664, p<.00t1), whereas perceived vulnerability and sexual history predicted OE for condorie use (1 394 &.4147,
p<.001 &.01) and condom use behavior ((3=-.161 3 &.3478, p<.001). OF fog[ discussion
and discussion behavior were not well predicted.
Conclusions: While college rye Black women may be engaging in sex al act vity at greater
rates than White women, our data suggest that Black women have adopted safer sex attitudes and behaviors to a greater extent than Whites. Specifically, religious beliefs appear to
predict attitudes toward abstinence whereas sexual experience and perceived wlnerability
predict attitudes toward and actual condom use. National Institulte of Nursing Research
No.I ROI NR0 124 0IAl
johanna Soet, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory Urniversity I 5 I 8 Clifton Rd, Sth Floot
Atlanta, GA, 30t)2, USA Tele: 404/727-9122; Fax: 404/727 I1369; emal: soetfox sph.emoryedu
Mo.D. 172 I
AN HIV/AIDS KABP SURVEY CARRIED OUT IN A MILITARY COMMUNITY IN
ZIMBABWE
catufuiTi_, Maiaisa Ri Siziya S. Mashayamombe S+**Ai, -orce ot Zinbabwe;
"University of Zmrabw. * Zirrbabwe National Army
Objectives: To carry out a bselrne HIV/AIDS KABP survey again-t whic to measure the
inmpact of Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ) HIV/AIDS prevention ard iontr1l project in future.
Methods: TWo hundred and eighty one members of the AFZ and I 19 spouses of AFZ
rmembers were selected for the study from 3 man AFZ bases through a mtulti stage sarnplin, proedur-e. A prevalence rate of 50% +(-)5%, which gives a raximurn sample size of
400 as a 95% confidence level (Epi Info Version 5. 1990), was chosen. Persons selected for
the study were inter viewed usin>,,i structlcr)d sirisey adosina -st) yin stroisriarre.

Results: 92% of respondents were abe so indicate a least 2 w,ys of preveting HIV. 65.3%
of respondents believed that they had no chance" of getting FillV infection. Over 60% of
interviewees had not responded to the AID S epidemic in a eraniner ttiit svould protect

Mo.D.1719 - Mo.D.1724
them from acquiring HIV infection.The main sources of information on HIV/AIDS included
radio (70.4%),TV (5 I.6%), friends (46.3%), newspapers (39.4%), peer educators (8.5%), religious leaders (69%), and meetings (4.2%). 95% of the respondents indicated that they could
get condoms if they needed them. Out of 393 respondents who had had sex in their lives,
I54 or 39.2% had had sex with nonregular partners in the last 12 months. Of the 154
respondents who met the criteria of having had recent, risky sexual intercourse, only 32, or
20.8%, had used condoms in these sexual encounters. Respondents were reluctant to reveal
recent occurrence of STDs due to the fact that such an occurrence is punishable under
military regulations.
Conclusions: The AFZ community had adequate knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention.
However, that knowledge has not been translated into behavioral change that would protect the community from HIV transmission.The HIV/AIDS prevention and control project in
the AFZ should direct its efforts at working out and implementing a strategy that narrows
the gap between knowledge and behavior to effect meaningful control of HIV transmission
in this community
T Marufu, c/o Alfred Nimocks, AIDSCAP 2101 Wilson Blvd., #700 Arlington,VA, USA,
22201; tel. 703.5 I 6.9779; fax. [phone]
Mo.D.1722
AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES AMONG ADULT COMMERCIAL
FARM WORKERS IN ZIMBABWE
Siziya S, Rusakaniko S*, Maradzika J*, Sonnichsen C**. Naamara W"**. *University of
Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; **AIDSCAP/FHI/AFRO, Nairobi, Kenya;
***AIDSCAP/FHI/Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe;
Objective: To assess AIDS-related knowledge and practices among adult commercial farm
workers in Zimbabwe.
Methods: A random sample of 817 adults was interviewed using the Family Health
International/AIDS Control and Prevention Project (FHI/AIDSCAP) questionnaire. Focus
group discussions were also conducted.
Results: 406 (49.8%) males (mean age 27. I, SD 5.6) and 410 females (mean age 26. I, SD
5.6) were interviewed.The radio was the main source of HIV/AIDS information (58.4%).
Knowledge scores (median 7) of males and females were similar (p=0.06 1I).The knowledge
score was associated with the years of school completed (p < 0.001). 62.1% reported that
since hearing about HIV/AIDS, they had changed their sexual behavior in order to prevent
acquiring the infection. Males (47.0%) reported using condoms and females (37.7%) claimed
to have only I sexual partner (p < 0.001). Main sources of condoms were peers (49.1%)
and health centers (52.0%). Condom use prevalence was 30.2% and 22.1% for males and
females, respectively 2 I1.2% of males and 8.3% of females were found to engage in high-risk
behavior:These were persons who had indicated to have some chance of acquiring HIV and
were more likely to be young in age.
Conclusions: HIV/AIDS knowledge levels were high. Peers were among the main sources
of condoms. It was common among males to have multiple partners.The knowledge-practice gap would need to be narrowed.
S. Siziya, c/o Alfred Nimocks, AIDSCAR 2 10 I Wilson Blvd., #700 Arlington,VA, USA. 22201;
tel [phone]; fax. [phone]
Mo.D. 1723
AIDS RISK BEHAVIORS, PREGNANCY,AND PREGNANCY INTENTIONS AMONG
ALTERNATIVE SCHOOLYOUTH
O'Hara, P* Fichtne, R.,* BelmarHepburn, R* *University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
-**Centers for Disease Control & Prev. Atlanta, Georgia USA.
Objective: To determine AIDS risk and protective behaviors and gender differences among
alternative high school youth who have been pregnant, gotten someone pregnant and/or
intend to become pregnant in the next year.
Methods: Students enrolled in alternative high schools for dropout prevention were surveyed to determine attitudes, knowledge and behaviors about HIV/AIDS. Both males and
females were asked if they had gotten someone pregnant, if they had been pregnant, and
their future intentions to become pregnant. Condom use attitudes and behaviors were
also assessed.
Results: 25% of the 212 surveyed students had either been pregnant or gotten someone
pregnant. 12% expressed that they intended to become pregnant within the next year In
the analysis of students who had either been pregnant or gotten someone pregnant, 23
were female and 25 were male. 64% of male and 20% of female students initiated intercourse when they were < I 3 years (p<0.0001 I). 58% males and 26% females had 2 or
more sex partners in the past 3 months (p<0.0001). 28% reported intentions to become
pregnant in the next year. 52% said that they did not or their partner did not use a condom the last time they had sexual intercourse. 48% of males and I 3% of females replied
that they drank alcohol or used drugs the last time they had sex (p<0.000t).
Conclusions: These data show that two-thirds of males initiated sex at age 1 13, more than
half did not use condoms during intercourse, and nearly 50% used alcohol or drugs before
sex. One-fourth of students report pregnancy as an outcome. In srrder for AIDS prevention
to be effective for youth in high risk environments, programs must reach students before
high school age and be comprehensive by including emphasis on pegnancy, alcohol and
drug prevention.
Peggy OHara, Ph.D. University of Miami School of Medicine Depar tment of Epidemiology
and Publc Flealth, PO. BOX 016069 (R669) Miami, Florida 33101.Tel [phone].
Fax: [phone]
Mo.D. 1724
ALCOHOL SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRES AS PREDICTORS OF HIV-RELATED
HIGH-RISK BEHAVIORS
Bryant, Kendall J,* Latkin, Carl.+u. iHNationa Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism,
-- The Johns Hopkins University
Objective:To demonstrate the predictive vald ty and utility of alcohol screening question
naires among injecting drug users and other populations at-risk for HIV infection.
Method: 515 inner city injecting drug users were questioned about the quantity and frequency of alcohol and drug use, and responded to iten.s on the Michigan Alcohol Screening
Test (MAST), a brief behavioral questionnaire used to identify alcohol abuse. Outcome vari
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