Abstracts Vol. 1 [International Conference on AIDS (11th: 1996: Vancouver, Canada)]

Mo.C.1505 - Mo.C.151 I

Monday, July 8, 1996

Mo.C.1505
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV INFECTION IN R R. CHINA
Sun Xinhua, Nan Junhua, Shen Jie, Zheng Zhongbo. Department of Diseases C _ontrol,
Ministry of Health, Beijing 100725, China
Objective: To study the ep idemiological pattern and trend of HIV infection i lit,
Method: Epidemiological data on HIV infection is obtained from the followin channels:
I.The HIV surveillance center of 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.
2. 19 confirmatory laboratory designated by the Ministry of Health.
Result: The first AIDS case in Chi na was repor ted in June 1985. Up to the end of
September 995, a cumulative totl of 2,594 HIV infected persons had been reported to
the Ministry of Health fHiom 26 of China's 30 provinces municipalities and autonomous
regions.This includes 80 cumulative AIDS cases and 50 dea ths with AIDS.The epidemic
trend of HIV is accelerating in China since 1994.51 I IV positive had been fonRd in 1994,
approximately accounted for 30% of accuiulaive number of o HIVi fectii inu past ten
years. From January to Septernmber 1995, 820 HIV positive had been reported, much more
than the total number of last year Between 1 985 and 1995, more than 5,900,000 people
were tested for HIV, of whom 2,594 were HIV positive. 77.6% of people with HIV infection
or AIDS are aged 20-40 year s, only 13 infections have been diagnosed under I 1 ears old.
The ratio of male and female was 6:1. 56% of I IV infection wer e infected thr ough necting
drug use. Sexual transmission accounted for 8% and 0.08% were through per natal transmission. No risk factors co ulid be identified for 36% of cases.
Xinhua Sun, No.44, Hou [ai Be Yan, Department of Disease Control, dinistry of Health,
Beijing 100725, China Tel: [phone], Fax: [phone]
Mo.C. 1506
HIV SURVEILLANCE AT SHANGHAI PORT OVER LAST 10 YEARS
Du anichun Lin Jianwi, Per Xiynan. Shanghai Health & Quarantine Bureau, PR China
In Shanghai, P R China, the number of HIV-infections grows every year:This infected population includes enter/exit- international travellers and also the residents who have or do not
have sex with them. Sex transmission predominates overall.
Shanghai Frontier Health arid Quarantine Bureau begain AIDS surveillance among incoming
and outgoing international travellers by WHO recommended antibody-screening 10 years
ago when the first case was found in Beijing in 1I985.62 HIV- positives uwere detected
among 9,544,382 tested samples. Methods of daita collection, analysis on HIV surveillanrice
over last 10 years at Shanghai Port and the resul ts and the distributions in population are
discussed in the article.
Through epidemiological studies, it is dem onstrt thtShr ianghai has becomeis a high risk
area of AIDS with epidemic possibilities c in the nrear future. the following measures of pre
vention and protection arce also discussed in the article.
Lin Jianwer, Shanghai Health & Quarant ine Bureau, No. 13, Zhongsv an Road(El), Shanghai
200002, PR China Tel: [phone], Fax: [phone]
Mo.C. 1507
SEROPREVALENCE AND TYPES OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
INFECTIONS IN GUINE BISSAU AND TAIWAN
Wang iaan g I, Chiou CT Hu HrM, Chuang CY, Chen CF, omenzV, Chang L R, WangM, Lee
HK. Inst. Biol& Anat; Inst. Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical CenterTaiw an,R.O.C.
Objective: To screen and identify HIV types of seropositive patients in Canchungo, Guine
Bissau and Tamiwan by ELISA, Serodia, Western blots and immunocytochemical assays.
Methods: The serum siamples included 24 HIV seropositives feom Canc hungo ospita in
1994, 77 HIV seropositives among the community members in Canchungo area in s995, and
60 AIDS patients from Taiwan in 1994-1995 Haemophiliac AIDS patients were aro included
as a high risk group in Taiwan. Combined HIV- 1/-2 Biotest EtISA, Serodia HIV- 1/ 2 agglutina
tion tests, various Western blot assaysr and confirmatory imnunocytochemistry were applied.
Results: According to the nterpretative criteria of the American Red Cross, seroprevalence
rates of HIV-I, DIV I/-2 co- infection, I IV-2 and indeterminates among AIDS patient in
Canchungo were identified to be: 8.3% (2/24), 16.6% (4/24), 54.2% (3/24), and 20.8%
(5/24) respectively in 1994, and 7.7% (6/77), 33.8% (26/77), 49.3% (38/77) and 9.1% (7/77)
respectively in 1995.The prevalence rate for HIV-I was stable when compared to previous
data obtained in 1987-1994. lHowever, HIV- I/2 co infections were found with a 2-3.7 fold
increase. In Taiwan, the seroprevalence rates of HIV tpes among AIDS patients were: 91.7%
(55/60), 3.3% (2/60), 0 and 5% (3/60) respectively in 1994- 1995. SupportingI data were
obtained fromVp r (HIV- I specific) and Vpx (tIV-2 specific)inmunocytochernical examinations on lymph nodes with light and electron microscopy.
Conclusions: Increase of HIV-I/2 co-infection cases in Guine Bissau have been identified.
A reliable and economic method of HIV serodiagnosis was evaluated b sing combined
EL ISA/Serodia assays in Western Aftrica. Furthermore, confirmatory Western blot assays
have defined two cases of co-infections (i.e., hIV-2 patnerns among HIV- I AIDS patients)
in Taiwan.
Jaang J. Wang, 18 ta e-Yuen Rd, aipei,Tiwan, ROC (100) 1el. 0 I-886-2-365748 I
Fax. [phone] oei ihe w V ndmcl, ndscssgh, edr. tw
Mo.C. 1508
THE VARIATION IN NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES OF HIV-I VPU AND ITS
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL APPLICATION IN TAIWAN
Chen Mao-Yuan, Lee, Grin Nan, Chua g, ChoYe. National aiwan noversity Hospital.
TaipeiTaiwan
Objective: To aralyze te iucleotide sequence divergence in tltV I Vpu gene in taiwan nd
to compareVpu nuclerotde sequ btype v s B ad.
Methods: Patients belonging to different risk groups waere included in this study.Vpu was
amplified from proviral DNA by nested PCR then surbected so DNA sequencirg. Genetic
sequencing of the V3 rod/or gag genes wais performned son.
Results: The conserved regioan in cytoplasvic tail of H-IV-I Vpu which contained two phosphorylasron sites was well preserved as expected. [he anirno icid sequences af the tirassmembrane portion were rise relatively stable. lIi piatieats who wore infected with DIV-I
subtype E virus the nuicleotide sequences of Vpu were clcsel/ related with each other and
were different fr-om these of subtype B vii rs.

Conclusions: Our r.esis were consistent with the previous functional studies ofVpu pro
tein.The subtype E-specifr r nucleotide sequence can be used as a marker to differentiate
between HIV- Isubtype E and B infection in Taiwan.
Mao-Yuan fher,frJ, 7 Ch.ng Shan S Road,Taipei,Taiwan R.O.C.Telephone [phone] ext
5030 Fax 0-32, )905
Mo.C. 1509
WIDELY VARYING HIV PREVALENCE AND RISKS AMONG 9 ETHNIC MINORITY
GROUPS IN NORTHERN THAILAND
Beyrer, C*, Suprasert S*, Celentano DD*, Nelson KE*, Phanupak P, Sittitrai W. 'Johanr
Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, *Program on AIDS,The Thai Red Cross Society,
Bangkok, Thailand.
Objectives: To estirate and compare HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, and social and sexualci
norms among 9 ethnic minority (Hilltribe) groups inwpper northern Thailand.
Subjects and Methods: Communities were selected on size, ethnicity, and geographic
diversity. Subjects, aged 15-45 years, were stratified by gender and selected by household
using a two- stage randomization. Forty volunteers were identified in ea ch of 27 vila ges.
Participation was voluntary and anonymous. HIV status was determined using salivary
ELISA and WB. Risks for HIV were measured with a structured interview; inter vievwaers
were gender-matched to subjects and fluent in local languages. Analysis was done with
Fisher's exact test. Chi Square, non-parametric t tests, multiple logistic regression and cor
relation coefficients.
Results: Overall HIV prevalence was 23/1080 or 2.13%.The male female ratio of infection
was I 1:12. Crude HIV prevalence for each ethnic group were; Shan 8.75%, Akha 5.0%, Yao
5.0%,hin 1.25%, Hmong 0.63%, Lahu 0.63%, Lisu 0.63%, Karen 0, and Pa-Long 0. Sex worker (CSW) use was an HIV risk for men (p a.001); injecting drug use was not. For women
having been a CS\A was a significant HIV risk (p <.0001). Social norms and sexual behav
ior varied considerably between ethnic groups, as did HIV risks and attitudes toward CSW
work and use.
Conclusions: HIV rates arind risks appear to vary considerably between ethnic minority
groups in northern Thailand; rates range from 0 to 8.75% among a randomly selected sine
pie of adults. HIV prevention needs to target the Shan, Akha, and Yao communities, and to
focus on reduction of CSW work and use. Native language and culture specific HIV preven
tion programs are urgently needed.
Chris Beyrer MD, MPH, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai Univer sity PO
Box 80, CMU, Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand,Tel: [phone], Fax: [phone]
Mo.C.1510
HIV- I INFECTION IN YOUNG MEN ENTERING THE ROYAL THAI ARMY:TRENDS
AND DEMOGRAPHIC RISK FACTORS
Kitsiripornchai, Suchai*, Jugsudee A**, Mason CJ*, Markowitz LE***, Chanbancherd P*,
Torugsa K*, Sirisopana N*, SupapongseT*, Chuenchitra C*, Nitayaphan S*, Michael RA*,
Kangwalklai K**. *AFRIMS, Bangkok,Thailand; **AIR Bangkok,Thailand; *"Johns Hopkins
University Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Objectives:To determine trends and compare demographic risk factors for HIV-I infection
among young men entering service with the Royal Thai Army
Methods: Each year over 50,000 young men are selected by lottery throughout Thailand
and are inducted in May and November All inductees are routinely screened for HIV I antibody with Western blot confirmation. Demographic data were co!lected at each enrollment
from November 1991 to May 1993 and from November 1994 to present.
Results:

Region
Central
Bangkok
Northeast
North
South
Total
Number
tested

HIV Seroprevelance by Region Service amongYoungThai Men (%)
Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
1.2 2.2 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.5
1.I 2.8 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.7
0.8 1.8 2.3 2.5 2.6 1.6
6.1 6.4 7.4 7.2 5.0 3.4

1.6
1.8

2.1
2.9

2.6
3.5

2.8
3.7

1.5 2 1
2.9 2.4

62172 61686 59574 50347 57424 53779

Conclusions:The overall seroprevalence of HIV- I infection among young men entering service with the Royal Thai Army increased from 1990 to 1993 and then declined significantly
The decline was most marked in the North.
Suchai Kitsiripornchai, AFRIMS, 315/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400 thailand
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone] Email: [email protected]
Mo.C.151 I
HIV RISK BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG THAI MEN OUTSIDE NORTHERN THAILAND
Torugsa. Kalyanee*, Jenkins RA*, Jamroenratana V*0, Krinchai K*, Kujareevanich S,
Kongkaew M**, Markowitz LE***, Mason CJ*, Nitayaphan S*, Michael RA*. 'AFRIMS,
Bangkok;Thailand: **RTA Medical Dept, FortThanarat Hospital, Pranburi,Thailand: *RJohns
Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Objectives:To characterize HIV knowledge and risk behavior in young men from
Northeastern Thailand, contrasting their behavior with that found in Thailand 's welldescribed epicenter in the Northern region.
Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 1292 Royal Thai Army
(RTA) conscripts during basic training in NovemberI 1994.This group, selected by lottery,
provides a useful sampling of young Thai males.
Results: This sample of 2 I year olds was mostly single (70%) and p mary school educated
(75%). Recognition of major routes of exposure risk was high, although 50% endorsed one
or more sources of casual transmission and only 25% knew that HIV+ individuals could be
asymptomatic. Acquaintance with HIV+ persons was infrequent (<5%) and self-perceved
risk was low, although 60% had had commercial sex worker (CSW) contacts. Chi Square

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