Abstracts Vol. 1 [International Conference on AIDS (11th: 1996: Vancouver, Canada)]

Track C: Epidemiology & Public Health

Mo.C.1419 - Mo.C.1424

choice for both males and females was cocaine (39%).Whites were ( re I uIke'ly to have
used stimulants such as amphetamines than either African Ameri an: is tisp vias, whereas
African Americans were more likely to have used heroin.There was, noi alt/ethnc difference in cocaine use.Twenty six percent of the injecting drug us r nIh ite, that they had
shared needles. More women than men indicated sharing needles v,, ah nii'l me'mbers
(33% vs. 10%), while more men identified their needle-sharing p, i L serS (43% vs.
33% t) or as gay/bi-sexual men (47% vs. 22%). Hispanic males wer ijmo 't to share with
family members than either White or African American males ( ' ').White males
on the other hand were more likely than either ASfican American i.t iia imales to have
shared with an identifiable gay/bi- sexual men (57%, 17%, 23%). 1: ifall males
who shared needles indicated that they had used condoms at a lliis itrihr their nonsteady or steady sex partners in the year before learning of their HIVl infecti.on There were
no females that indicated condom use one year prior to HIV d a,'
Discussion: Within Arizona, the primary transmission route is meO who vi tsex with men.
Only about 22% of Arizona HIV and AIDS cases can be linked to i lectirag r rig users
(IDU).This is also borne out by the relatively low seroprevalence rit' i, blinded studies of
individuals in drug treatment centers in a major metropolitan are i tiArizon r. Prevention
activities to further reduce transmission among IDUs must take into a o.nt the different
drug using behaviors of males and females as well as racial/ethnri dilficrme Ihis study
would indicate that approximately I out of 4 IDUs share needle I, ihre ees to be a significant difference in needle-sharing partners for men and womn' 'well is i cial/ethnic
differences.This study demonstrates that very few needle- sharers sed nrtdoms in the year
before diagnosis. Prevention activities among drug users also need t re ss the need for
correct and consistent condom use.
Denise K. Boyd 38 I 5 N. Black Canyon Highway (602) 230 58 'Ph a ani. AZ 850 15 USA
Mo.C.1419
HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIOLOGIC PROFILE OF WEST VIRGINIA
Foglia, Ginaoarie, Farr R.Wesley West Virginia University, Morgan t',wn, West Virginia
Objective: An epidemiologic profile was complied using CDC gudeii n' piubshed in June
1995 to provide a descriptive understanding of the HIV/AIDS epilern raonter various,
rural West Virginia populations and to identify characteristics of fiV infected persons in
defined public health districts who need prevention services. Four key qa(estions were
addressed and include: I) the sociodemographic characteristics of the WV population, 2)
the impact of HIV/AIDS on the population, 3) who is at risk for b' comin infected with
HIV and 4) the geographic distribution of HIV infections. Data wa, obtai ned fi irom the WVV
Bureau for Public Health HIV/AIDS reporting system surveillance which included HIV cases
reported (I 989-- I 993) and AIDS cases reported (I 984-1993).
Results: Of the 456 total AIDS cases reported cumulatively frorn i98 1-93, blacks were
disproportionately affected, comprising a much higher proportion oit AllDc ties than the
general population proportion. HIV is the 5th leading cause of deaith amrong persons aged
25-44 and the leading cause of death of blacks 25-44 in WestVirginia wihere approximately
I000-I600 persons are estimated to currently be living with HIV. f he p'-edominrant mode of
HIV exposure has been male-to-male sexual contact, accounting for 7% of all AIDS cases,
followed by IVDU (13%) and Heterosexual contarct (7%). Public -Iealt District # Irepresents the greatest proportion of HIV infected women where 63% of II/infected women
reported IVDU as a risk factor. Sociodemographic and racial/ethnic f ltor seemn to play a
role in the greater prevalence of HIV/AIDS noted in the southern rergion of West Virginia.
Conclusion: Data from this epidemiologic profle suggest more 1,/g' ve ciii ational inter
vention in rural Public Health District #I to curtail the HIV/AIDS epidemi ' nofed especially
among black women.
Ginamarie Foglia, DO., MPH,WestVirginia University Dept of Med cie, Robert C. Byrd
Health Sciences Ctr, Morgantown,WV 26506 Telephone: (304) 29 ili F rx: [phone]
Mo.C. 1420
HIV INFECTION AMONG FIRST NATIONS PEOPLE IN NORTHERN ALBERTA
Houston, Stan, Reese H. University of Alberta Hospitals, Edmonton, Albea, Canada
Introduction: Canadian aboriginal people experience high rates of socioeconomic and
behavioural risk factors for HIV infection including poverty incarc eriation, I1,U, STD, commercial sex.
Objectives: To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics id temporal trends of
HIV infection among aboriginals in Northern Alberta and compare with non- aboriginals.
Methods: Review of database and records of clinics providing cre o leot HIVinfected
individuals in Northern Alberta. "Aboriginal" included treaty nontreaty Metis, Inait.
Results:1986 - 1995 Aboriginals = 77 (9.6% of N. Alberta clinic ' atients) Before 1990
Aboriginal patients <5% new patients annually 1993 - 1995 Aborin il, - 20% of all new
HIV patients.

Methods: Sinr e 1988, CDC and state and local health departments have conducted anonymous surveys in selected STD clinics in the United States. Demographic data and selected
risk behaviors for HIV were analyzed from APIs attending 7 clinics in 4 metropolitan statisti
cal areas (MSAs) from 1989 to I994.This analysis was restricted to include only clinics test
ing at least 25 APIs per year. Persons were classified as APIs based on clinic records.
Results: Of 3196 APIs tested in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston, and Portland,94 (2.9%)
were HIV positive. 75 (25%) of the 302 male APIs who had sex with men, 13 (0.7%) of the
1737 heterosexual men, and 6 (0.5%) of the 1157 women were HIV infected.The sero
prevalence rate among male APIs who had sex with men was lower than that among other
races/ethnicities in the 4 MSAs (White, 32%; African American, 50%; Hispanic. 35%). HIV
seroprevalence decreased among API men who have sex with men from 3 1% in 1 990 92 to
17% in 1993 94; among heterosexual men and women, seroprevalence was unchanged.
Conclusion: Generally HIV seroprevalence among APIs is lower than that among other
racial/ethnic groups in STD clinics. Nevertheless, the high rates among API men who have
sex with men is of particular concern. Education and prevention programs need to be
arg eted to APIs.
asiet S. Sidhu, CDC, I 600 Clifton Rd, N.E., Mailstop E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA
telephone: [phone] Fax [phone]
Mo.C. 1422
WHO IS KNOCKING ON THE DOOR FOR HIVTESTING: STUDY OF 9959 CASES
CahnPedro' Ben G*, Bloch C*, San Pedro Mtt Gonzalez, S", Perez, H*. Hospital
Fernandez "Epson Foundation. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Objective: to analyse changes in the profile of population spontaneously attending for
HIV testing.
Methods: We performed 9959 HIV tests to patients spontaneously attending to our clinic
between 1986 iand 1995. information was collected on a Fox Pro 2.5 database system.We
studied sex. age, risk behaviour [homosexuals (HS), drug abusers (IVDA), heterosexuals
( TS ), heterosexuals with an IVDA partner (HTSIV). and clinical status (WHO Staging
Systemr) a entry
Results: HIV infection was diagnosed in 4242 pts (42.6%), rates ranged between 27.6% in
1987 and 53% in 1993. Mean age was 29.5 years for males and 26.4 for females, 80% being
younger than 35 years. Risk for HIV infection in our population was (Odds ratio) 13.5 for
IVDA, 5.3 for H-IS and 2.5 for HTSIV when compared with HTS. HIV prevalence grew in
woman friom 5.7% in 1986 up to 29% in 1995. Risk behaviours of pts who resulted HIV +
was: (I 986/1995): HS 5 I.8%2/28.5% IVDA 38.9/33.5; HTS 4.6/26%; HTSIV: 2.7/10.7% (p<
0.00001). Clinical status: 1992:WHO Stages (St) 1-2:96.1%, Stages 3 4:3.9%; 1995 St 1-2:
47%, St 3 -4:53% (p<0.000001). Seroprevalence increased (1 986/1995) in HS (37/67.2%),
IVDA (59.3/85.2%) and HTSIV (I 1.4/48.4%).
Conclusions: HIIV prevalence is increasing in our population, particullarly in HTS and
womeni. More than 50% pts. come to our ward with advanced disease. Having sex with an
IVDA par tner increases the risk for HIV infection. High and increasing prevalence rates are
seen in all nrsk behaviours. Educational interventions are necessary and should consider this
informalion.
Pedrot iahn, asc6n 79 (I 18 I) Buenos Aires, Argentina. Phone (54 I) 98 1 1828
fkix [phone]
Mo.C. 1423
CRITICAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL STUDY OF HIV-AIDS INFECTED
WOMEN IN BUENOS AIRES.
Macias ose, Rodriguez Rios E.,Wainstein C. Hospital F. J. Muriz. Programa SIDA MCBA.
Buenos Aires.Argentina.
Objectives: I.To define epidemiological and social factors related to HIV-AIDS infection in
Nomen 2. To report the results obtained from a diagnosis of the situation.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 496 medical histories belonging to HIVAIDS diagnosed female patients (pts.) discharged from our medical ward between Jan I st.
1993 and Dec 3I, 1995. Data obtained were included in a coded chart, thus studying variibles which were statistically evaluated.They were either individually or collectivelly (i.e.
related among themselves) presented.
Results: Out ol- 4 I 6 pts. who were studied, mean age was 27.8 yrs. High prevalence was
observed frontom 20 to 29 yrs. in 259 pts. (i.e. 51.2%). 72 pts. (14.5%) had no family Out of
the latter, 254 (59.9%) were unmarried, and 20 (4.7%) were widows. 50 (10. I%) out of
these pts were homeless. 217 pts. (43.8%) did not complete grammar school and 13
(12.6%) did not receive any schooling at all. Only 6 pts. (I.2%) had completed university
level studies. 63 pts. (12.7%) had permanent employment and 73 (1I 4.7%) were prostitutes.
234 (47.2%) pts. came from Buenos Aires City (Argentine Federal District). As risk factor,
238 pts. (48%) evidenced intravenous drug addiction (IVDU) and 138 (27.8%) heterosexual
pts. had IVDU mates. I 33 pts. (26.8%) became IVDU before they reached the age of 29.
Only 52 pts. (10.5%) used condoms sporadically
Conclusions: High prevalence of HIV AIDS infection has been observed in women below 30
yrs., unmaied, and with a high rate of young widows and a significant number that have no
relatives. From educational point of view, we have noted a low instruction rate.
Unemployment rate is signifcant and the number of women performing menial once-weekly
jobs is also important A high quantity of pts. lack social security benefts. Most pts. came from
urhan areas IVDU is represented both in the population studied and their sexual mates.
jose Macins 57i-364 I; Jose Cubas 3194 (1419) Buenos Aires Argenina
Mo.C.1424
DETERMINATION OF HIV-I SUBTYPES IN BLOOD DONORS AND HEMOPHILIACS
IN MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL BY HETERODUPLEX MOBILITY ASSAY
Barbosa EF Cameiro-Proletti ABF*, Oliveira DR**, Kroon EG*, lerreira PCPt,
Deptatment of Microbiology Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais nd ':' Fundag ao
Fi--emomirnras, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Introduction and objective:The development of a safe and effective vaccine against HIV
requires a good knowledge on genetic variability of the HIV I virus. Divergence of the HIV
envelope gene may reach up to 30% among the nine different subtypes (A to I) so far isolated. T-he nity of Belo Horizonte has about 4 million inhabitants and occupies the fifth place
in number of AIDS cases reported in Brazil. Using a heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), a

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Risk Factors:
Female
Gay sex only
IDU likely risk

Aboriginal
25%
40%
42%

Non-Aborigna
7%
71%
15%

Initial CD4 Count: <200 12% 200 -499 36% >500 - 52% Int ii i - 1 nt <-200 was
less likely in aboriginals than non aboriginals (12% vs. 28%,p 0.0)
Deaths: 10, 5 caused by HIV disease, 5 by violet/accidenttal/sui 10(
AIDS Diagnoses: 9, of which 2 were tuberculosis
Conclusion: HIV infection is increasing rapidly in N. Alberta. Pr've i ' isure, must be
developed with the participation of the aboriginal community
Stan C. Houston,WMC 2E4.1 II, 8440- 112 Street, Edmonton,, O" 1a I Telephone:
403 492 8077 Fax: [phone]
Mo.C. 142 I1
HIV SEROPREVALENCE AMONG ASIAN/PACIFIC ISLANDERS ATTENDING
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CLINICS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1989-1994.
Sidhu, Jasjeet S5, Weinstock Ht, Gwinn M5. CDC, Atlanta, CA, USA.
Objective: To describe HIV seroprevaience among Asian/Pacific IsLa, e (APIs) attending
sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics.