A Guide to Fiscal Year 1991 Federal Funding for HIV Disease: How Dollars are Spent How to Access Them

as sexual behaviors and patterns. A public service
advertisement campaign was released in 1990 as part
of NIDA's prevention program targeting adolescents
at risk. (See Appendix C for information on obtaining PSA campaign materials.)
NIDA has sponsored demonstration efforts to
implement and evaluate various outreach, AIDS
education, and behavioral change intervention
methods targeting drug users and their sexual partners in community settings. In addition NIDA has
operated a National Data Coordinating Center to synthesize and analyze data obtained through research
demonstrations. Studies to improve treatment effectiveness have also been conducted examining such
things as: interrelation between drug abuse and other
biobehavioral disorders; problems of specific populations; problems unique to particular types of drugs
used or forms of drug abuse; and interactions among
behavioral, pharmacological and treatment variables.
To coordinate and expedite the process of medications development, and to serve as the national
centers for excellence in drug abuse treatment, NIDA
established a series of Treatment Research Units
(TRUs), in several locations patterned after the NIH
treatment unit.
In addition, NIDA has conducted epidemiological
studies, computer modeling of the epidemic,
prevalence studies, and research on natural history
of HIV disease and cofactors.
NIDA extramural HIV funding interests for both
individual fellows and institutional research relate
directly to the programs just described. They include
such issues as:
* Implications for AIDS risk behaviors of poly- and
multiple-drug abuse, non-opiate drug use, and nonIV routes of transmission.
* Prevention/intervention issues and strategies including the overall study of the behavioral implications of serostatus concentrating on: behavior
change and resistances to such change in drugabusing populations at risk, issues and strategies
involving communities, community-based training,
workplace-based initiatives, special populations, sexual behavior, basic research on risk-taking and drug
treatment programs; and development of technology.
* Clinical epidemiology/natural history of: initiation
to drug abuse, including progression from experimentation to dependence and the relationship between
drug use and sexual behavior; and HIV infection and

associated medical diseases in HIV drug abusers and

their sexual partners with an emphasis on heterosexual transmission.
* The role of drug abuse in perinatal transmission,
with emphasis on the acquisition of data potentially
relevant to prevention/intervention strategies.
* The identification and study of cofactors that,
affect vulnerability, transmissibility, and disease
course.
* Preclinical research using animal models and
isolated human and animal tissues to look at interrelationships among HIV infection and effects of
drug-abuse on the immune, neuroendocrine and central nervous systems.
* Clinical immunology of AIDS/HIV infection in
drug-abusing populations with emphasis on joint
effects of medical, drug abuse, and stress-related
factors.
* Study of central nervous system (neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric) impairments due
to HIV in drug abusers.
* Mathematical modeling of AIDS risk and
transmission among vulnerable populations and the
general population.
* Acquisition of data from other countries that are
not available in the U.S. but have implications for
U.S. AIDS programs and policies.
* Ethical and legal issues relevant to drug abuse
and AIDS.
The majority of extramural funds generated by
ADAMHA are awarded by NIDA.
For more information on NIDA research interests
contact:
Division of Clinical Research
Room 10A-38
5600 Fishers Ln.
Rockville, MD 20857
301/443-6697
Division of Preclinical Research
Room 10A-31
5600 Fishers Ln.
Rockville, MD 20857
301/443-1887

Division of Epidemiology
Research
Room 11A-55
5600 Fishers Ln.
Rockville, MD 20857
301/443-6504

and Prevention

66i

Reproduction By Permission Only

~1991 ASAP

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