Lanfrank's "Science of cirurgie". Edited from the Bodleian Ashmole ms. 1396 (ab. 1380 A.D.) and the British museum Additional ms. 12,056 (ab. 1420 A.D.) by Robert V. Fleischhacker, DR. PHIL. Part I--Text.

Here bigynneþ þe tretise of repercussiuis //

Repercussiuis bifalliþ for hoot apostymes, & principal whanne it bigynneþ in a noble lyme: as in þe herte, ouþir in þe brayn, ouþir in þe heed, ouþir in þe lyuere, þe splen & þe stomac, reynes, ballokis, & in þe bladdre // It schal alwei be þin entencioun for to putte awei greuous mater fro a noble lyme into anoþer place. ¶ Whanne þou wolt worche wiþ repercussiuis, þou muste take hede to .x. condiciouns þat ben sett in þe iij. tretis in þe general chapitre of enpostyms / ¶ Repercussif is seid in .ij. maners: as large & streit [large & streit. See p. 305, note 1.] / large is seid: as eueri medicyne maad of coold herbis for to aquenche hoot [folio 242b] causis. Streit is seid, whanne it putt awei þe mater & is not swiþe coold // Of repercussiuis þere ben manie degrees of cooldnes / Ther ben summe so coold, þat a man mai not fele his lyme, & þan it is clepid stupefactiua [Vigon transl. Traheron Interpr.: "Stupefactyve. That, that hathe strengthe to astonie, and take awaye felynge."] / & þis þou schalt vse whanne þer is þing þat greueþ more þan þe mater. ¶ Whanne þou ne dredist not hoot qualite oonli, but þou dredist þe mater, þan þou schalt vse medicyns þat ben coold & drie, þat þei mowe tempere þe complexioun of þe lyme, & wiþ þe vertu of stiptica þei wolen comforte þe lyme, [Lat.: et sua stipticitate uirtutem membri confortent.] & þese ben propirli clepid repercussiuis / Whanne þou hast entencioun oonly for to make

coold, þan it is no force þouȝ þi medicyn be not stiptica / But whanne þou wolt make ony repercussiuis, it is necessarie þat þei be coold & drie. ¶ Medicyns þat ben coold & repercussiuis, summe ben simple & summe ben compound / Of simple medicyns, summe ben of herbis, & summe ben of trees, & summe ben leeues, & summe ben rotis, & summe ben seedis, & summe ben flouris, & summe ben greynes [The translator misunderstood the Lat. genera mineralium.] of minerals, & summe ben watris, & summe ben oilis. And summe þerof I wole sette in þese bokis þat ben [folio 243a] greetli in vss toward us / And þere ben medicyns coold & moist þat þou miȝt vse for to atempere þe complexioun of lymes þat ben distemp[er]id in hete & drienes. ¶ Malua, capillus [MS. capillis.] veneris, psillium, portulaca, atriplex. Mercurialis, [Add. 15,236, fol. 4 b.: "Linochites, mercurialis, idem. G. mercuria, A. smerewourth." Compare Alphita, p. 116: "linozostis g ^e . mercurie. a ^e . scandany."] Rapa, cucurbita, Melones, Citruli, [Phillips, "Citrull, a sort of Cucumber or Pumpkin of a Citron-Colour."] Semen malue, seminis iiijor. frigidorum, Semper viua, lactuca ortulana. [Halle, Table, p. 57: "Lactuca satiua, or Hortensis, þat is gardin letuce."] ¶ Iusquiamus, Mandragora, Papauere, argentum viuum, f. & h. in iiij. [frigidum et humidum in quarto gradu.] ¶ Oilis coold & moist: Oleum violacium, Oleum nenupharinum, [nenupharinum, Arab. Pers. nītufar, nīnūfar (Littré). NymphÆa alba. Add. 15,236, fol. 5 b.: "Nenufar .i. flos vngule, caballine aquatice A. waterlilye." Compare Alphita, p. 124; Barth. Sinon., p. 31.] Oleum de lilijs albis, Oleum mirtinum. Istis [MS. istius.] medicinis potest vti quum intendis infrigidare sine expulcione ut dictum est // þese medicyns þou miȝtist vse whanne þou entendist for to make coold wiþouten expulcioun of þe mater as it is forseid. ¶ Medicyns þat ben symple coold & drie, þat ben clepid verry repercussiuis ben þese / Solatrum, crassula maior & minor, [Add. 15,236, lf. 11: "Crassula maior G. crassegeline vel orpine. Crassula minor .G. terce de soris .A. stoncrop."] virga pastoris / vmbilicus veneris, cicorea, Endiua, Gramen, Epatica, [Add. 15,236. Cf. 3 b.: Epatica .G. coper .A. liuerwort." Ibid. lf. 11: "Epatica .G. epatik vel coper .A. liurewort."] Ipoquistidos, veruene, Semper viua, Corigiola, [Add. 15,236, lf. 3 b.: Corigiola. Centinodia. lingua passerina. G. Coriogiole." Halle, Table, p. 29: "Corrigiola. So called of the Apothe-caries, and of the Frenche men Corrigiole, is oure common Knottgrasse, called in Greke polygonon, in Latine Seminalis and Polygonum mas."] Sanguinaria, Edera, Acetosa, Scariola, plantago maior & minor, Nenuphar. De granis

seminibus, fructibus. Ordeum, Silligo [Silligo, a kind of very white wheat.] ; auena. [folio 243b] Spica, [MS. Spata, Spleta. Lat.: Add. 26,106, fol. 109, "spaca"; ed. 1498, fol, 207, "spica." The preceding words show that spica is the correct reading.] Lollium, ffabe, Mirtilli, Berberis, Sumac, Pira, Poma, Sorbe, mespila, Castanea, Glandes, Galle, Maiorana, Mora matura, vua acerba, Capreoli, vitis. [Capreoli vitis, the tendrils of vine.] ¶ De floribus folijs & corticibus / Balaustie cortices, Cortices mali granata, Cortices arborum stipticorum [MS. stipticoris.] ; Rosa, Nenufar, fflos spine, ffolia pirorum, pomorum, sorborum, rubij, & spine. ¶ ffolia / Salicis, Populi, Tremuli, Papiri, Canne. [MS. panne.] ¶ De linis. omnes sandali. ¶ De mineralibus & lutis / Saphirus, Bolus armenicus, Marmor, Alabaustrum, [med. Lat. alabaustrum.] Cathinia, Litargirum, munda [Lat.: murga uel merda.] ferri, Ematistes, Corallus, antimonium. ¶ De lutis. Terra sigillata, Argilla, lutum [MS. litum.] omne, cimolea, [cimolea, a kind of earth, so called after Cimolus, an island in the Cretan sea, where it is found.] Camfora, Cerusa. De gummis. Gumma pruni, [MS. Summa pruna.] cerase, amigdale, Acacia, opium. De olijs. Oleum rosarum, & eueri oile þat is maad of coold þingis & drie, of flouris, leeues, & ryndis þerof / Also watir of rosis, & water þat is maad of alle þingis þat ben coold & drie, and distillid [Lat.: omnis aqua ex rebus siccis et frigidis distillata.] / If þou be sent after into a cuntre, þere ben noon apotecarijs, þan if þou canst make þese medicyns þat ben forseid & medicyns þat schulen be seid heraftir, þan þou miȝt fulfille þi purpos [Lat.: de quo tuum poteris propositum adimplere.] & do þi cure. Þou miȝt make [folio 244a] of þese þingis: oynementis, epithima, cathaplasmata, emplastra, enbrocaciouns, pultes, encatismata. Of þese names manie men takith oon for anoþer, & þerfore I wole telle þe diuersite of alle. ¶ vnguentum is maad of .iiij. [dram] of oile & [dram] [one half]. of wex in winter, & [dram] j. in somer, & [dram] j. of þingis þat þin oynement schal serue þerfore. [et [ounce] .i. pulueris rerum puluerizandarum, que ponuntur in unguento.] and oynementis schulen be algatis colid. ¶ Epithima is þis, whanne þingis ben sotilli poudrid & temperid wiþ water of roses, ouþer wiþ vinegre, ouþer iuys of ony herbe, so þat it be temperid in þe þiknes of hony & leid vpon þe place, & hilid wiþ lynnen clooþ, ouþer wiþ leþer, þis is clepid epithimum. ¶ Cataplasma is, whanne herbis ben grounde & soden ouþer raw, & al þe substaunce of þe herbe þerwiþ & medlid wiþ mele & grese, & it ne schal not be hard ne neische, but in þe meene, & it schal be leid

flasch hoot vpon þe lyme. ¶ Emplastrum is seide, whanne manie diuers þingis, as poudris and gummis & fatnessis, wex, talow, & oile ben soden togidere til þei bicome hard, & maad in gobetis & kept. & þan it schal be maad abrood vpon leþir, & leid vpon þe place þat þou wolt [folio 244b] haue it: as diaculon, apostolicon, [See p. 125, note 3.] oxirocroceum, [oxirocroceum. Lat. oxiracroceum. Matth. Sylv.: "oxirocroceum, i. emplastrum compositum ex aceto et croco."] & oþere manie. ¶ Pultes [pultes, Lat. plur. of puls, tis. This plur. form used as sing.: Add. 10,440, fol. 23: "be þer soþen a þinne pultes or gruel of barly." Compare the plur. form pultesses, Gasc. Steel Glas 997 (Skeat, Et. Dict.). For poultice, see Ital. pultaceo.] & cathaplasma ben al oon, but propirli pultes ben clepid, whanne þer is mele, watir, & oile wiþouten herbis, & it schal be clepid cataplasma, whanne herbis ben medlid þerwiþ. ¶ Embroca[tio] is seid, whanne a mannes lyme is putt in hoot watir, wiþouten ony decoccioun of herbis þeron, & þat hoot watir schal be cast vpon þe lyme from an hiȝ, & so it schal be do longe, & þis is clepid embrocare. [embroche, Traheron Vigo Interpret.: "Embroche commeth of embrocho, whyche signifyeth to raine. And it is an embrocation, when we drop downe liquour from a hyer place, vpon some parte of the bodye, and vpon the head." See p. 339, note 1.] ¶ Encatisma is seid in .ij. maners: sumtyme it is seid for a clisterie, & sumtyme for a particuler [baþ],6 anoon to þe nauele & non aboue þe nauel /

¶ Medicyns þat ben compound togidere: Whanne þou entendist for to make a lyme coold, & not putte awei þe mater, þou schalt take iuys of herbis þat ben coold þre partis, olei rosis oon part, of vinegre half a part, & medle hem togidere. If þat þou wolt þat it worche more strongely, þan do þerto argillam rubeam / til it be as þicke as it were epithima, & leie it to þe place. & herof þou must take kepe, þou schalt vse þingis þat ben able for a mannes complexioun / In þis maner if þou leist coold þingis to a place, [Lat.: dicitur enim clistere, aliquando dicitur particularis balneatio.] [folio 245a] & ne hast not þi purpos þerof, þan þou schalt leeue þe coold medicyns, & make medicyns þat ben competent to þe same complexioun / for sum medicyne is for peter þat is not good for poul, for þe diuersite of complexioun. & al þis teching þou miȝt fynde generalich in þe tretis of enpostyms. / ffor if peter be of complexioun hoot & moist, & poulis complexioun be coold & drie, oon repercussioun wole not serue hem boþe in oon point. & for þis cause þou muste diuerse þi medicyns; for þis is al dai preued bi experiment as þou miȝt se ofte tyme, þat crassula maior is a good repercussif for coold mater,

& vmbilicus veneris is coold in þe same degre, & ȝitt it is not so good repercussif for þe same mater /

This is a good medicyn repercussif þere þat þer is miche discracia hoot & litil mater / ℞, sandali albi, spodij, acacie, ana .ȝ. ij, camphore .ȝ. j., opij .ȝ. [one half], distempere hem wiþ þe iuys of a coold herbe, & oile of violet, & a litil vinegre / Item anoþer. ℞, ossa sicca & combusta, cerusam, [MS. ceresaris. Add. 15,236, lf. 3: "Cerusa. flos plumbi id. G. blonc plome A. wyt lede."] amidum, ana .ȝ. ij., tempere hem as it is forseid / Item anoþer þat is comoun þat is recordid in manie placis. ℞, boli armenici .[ounce] j., olei ros. [ounce] iij., aceti .[ounce] j., þat is þat [folio 245b] defensif þat is aforeseid in manie placis for to kepe a lyme fro corrupcion. ¶ Also enplastris & epithima, þat ben forseid in doloribus iuncturarum of hoot cause ben good. Þerfore ioyne hem wiþ þese. ¶ Herof þou muste be war, þat whanne þou leist repercussiuis to a place, þere þat þer is miche mater, & if þe place bicome ledi, þan þou schalt contynue nomore wiþ pure coold þingis; but do þerto iuys of coriandre grene & barli mele, for þis makiþ coold & resolueþ. ¶ If þer be no ledi colour but þe mater is greet, & nyle not be doon awei wiþ repercussiuis, whanne þe flux of humours is acesid, þan biginne for to medle þerwiþ resolutiuis; ȝitt þou schalt contynue wiþ repercussiuis þere þat þer is greet akynge / an ensaumple hereof / If þe akinge be in a mannes knee, þan þou schalt first leie medicyns vpon þe knee, & þan aftirward þou schalt not leie it riȝt vpon his knee, but a litil aboue his knee, þat þe ende of þe medicyn mowe touche þe firste parti of þe akynge.

¶ Coold mater as it is aforseid, ne schal not be putt awei wiþ repercussiuis, but wiþ medicyns þat ben hoot and [folio 246a] drie in tempere, þat þei mowe wiþ her heete chaunge þe coold complexioun, & wiþ her dreines comforte þe vertu of þe lyme, & defende þat þer come no more mater to þe lyme, & if þe mater be litil, putte it awei, & if þou ne wolt not putte it awei, defende þe place þat þer falle nomore mater þerto [Lat.: "materia ne ad membrum veniat prohibetur et etiam plerumque repellitur si sit pauca, sed etsi non omnino repellitur tamen locum ita deffendit, quod tanta non potest in ipso materia congregari."] / And alle þese ben hote wiþ a maner bittirnes: as absinthium, squinantum, abrotanum, polium, sticados, centaurea maior & minor, [Add. 15,236, lf. 3: "Centaurea. fol terre idem .G. centore .A. cristes laddir." ? In Britten and Holland's English Plant-names Centaury is at p. 96. E. P. N., p. 37: "eorð-gealle." These names refer to Centaurea minor, see Alphita, p. 37. Centaurea maior = narca vel gentiana. Ibid.] aristologia longa & rotunda, mauribium, [mauribium, Corp. Gl. M. 43: "Marubium. biowryt vel hune." Wr. Wü. 136, 12 (XII. cent.), "harhune." Add. 15,236, lf. 5: Marubium prassium idem. G. marole. A. horehune. vel horehound."]

mirta, mastix, lupini, oleum de masticis, & de absinthio / Herof þou shalt take kepe: manie men seien, & it wole liȝtly be leeued of lewid men, & þat is yuel þing for to leie a repercussif to ony mater for to driue it awei, but it is bettir to drawe out þe mater wiþ enplastris, & if þer comeþ out þerof miche quitture, þei seien þat a mannes bodi is wel purgid þerwiþ, & schal be longe þe holer þerfore / And if þe mater be doon awei wiþ repercussiuis & þe enpostym be defendid, þan if þe same man be sijk aftirward, þan men wolen seie þat it was defaute in þe leche, for if þe enpostym hadde be maad maturatif [folio 246b] & þe quitture drawe out, þan þe man hadde be hool, & alle þese opiniouns ben false / And þou schalt wite þis certeynli: if þou takist kepe of þe .x. consideraciouns þat ben forseid in enpostyms, & principali whanne his body is maad clene wiþ laxatiuis þat ben competent þerfore / It is bettir to putte awei þe mater wiþ comfortyng of þe lyme, þan lete þe mater conferme / for if þou kepist wel þe condiciouns þat ben aforseid, the mater mai be putt awei, & þe man schal not be peirid //

Of þe maner of resolutiuis.

Whanne oon strong, or [MS. of.] manye feble of .x. causis lettiþ repercussiuis, ouþir whanne þou hast a repercussif, & þou ne miȝt not putte awei þe mater, þan þou muste leie þerto resolutiuis. & as it is aforseid of repercussiuis, in þe same maner I seie of resolutiuis: whanne a man haþ akynge ouþir greet swellynge, þou schalt leie þerto no resolutiuis, or þou haue maad him a competent purgacioun. ¶ fforwhi, as it is aforseid, enpostym ouþer greet akynge comeþ of causis wiþinneforþ, þan it mote [folio 247a] nedis come of repleccioun of þe bodi. & þan if þou leist þerto resolutiuis, þat wolde drawe to þe place more mater / for þer is no resolutif, þat ne it is hoot / & eueri þing þat is hoot, is attractif / What schal we do in þis caas? ¶ ffirst þou schalt lete him blood, ouþir make him a medicyn laxatif, ouþir boþe two, as þou seest þat it wole spede / And þan þou schalt bigynne for to resolue wiþ medicyns resolutiuis þat been hoot & sotil [Some passages are omitted, in which Lanfranc quotes from his "Chirurgia parva."] // This is þe difference bitwixe resolutiuis & maturatiuis: ¶ Resolutiuis haueþ tempere hete wiþ sotilnes & openynge. [Lat. cum subtilitate aperitiua.]

¶ Maturatiuis haueþ tempere hete wiþ viscosite / Þerfore it falliþ ofte tyme, þat whanne þou leist resolutiuis vpon miche mater & greet, it makiþ þe mater sotil & hoot, & þan þe kindely hete wiþinne is comfortid wiþ þe hete wiþoutforþ, & it bifalliþ ofte tyme, þat medicyns resolutiuis in þis caas makiþ þe mater maturatif / Also if þou leist medicyn maturatif vpon litil mater & sotil it hetiþ þe mater, & þe natural hete wiþinne is comfortid þerwiþ, & so þe heete multiplieþ, & in þis maner þe heete [folio 247b] mai be resolued. ¶ The maner of resoluing: Make a decoccioun of herbis of whiche þow wolt make þi medicyn, & kepe þe watir þat þe herbis ben soden yn, & wiþ þe same watir þou schalt waische þe lyme, til it bicome reed, & þan leie þervpon þe medicyn resolutif. ¶ Herof þou muste be war, þat ofte tyme a medycyn resolutif resolueþ þe sotil mater, & þat þat is greet, bicomeþ hard, & þan þe more þat þou art aboute to resolue, þe more it wole bicome hard / þerfore þou muste be bisi in þis caas & leie þerto mollificatiuis, & þan þou schalt go to resolutiuis, & in þis maner þou schalt worche it til it be al resolued. ¶ Of medicyns resolutiuis, summe ben simple: as, camomilla, Mellilotum, paritaria, malua siluestris & alia, [The Prints read "siue alba." Add. 26,106, siue alba corrected to alia. The correct reading is either alta or altea. Add. 15,236, lf. 5: "Malua viscus. bismalua. Altea idem. G. Wymauve A. mersmauve." Alphita, p. 110: "Malva silvestris, malva viscus, altea ... alta malva idem."] volibilis, [MS. volibilis. Alphita, p. 192: "Volubilis, corrigiola idem, arbores parvas et herbas ligat. gall. [corrigi]ole, angl. berebinde."] fumus terre, caulis, anetum, vrtica, enula, borago, sambucus, kebulus, valeriana, & alle herbis þat ben hoot in tempere, [Lat. temperate calida.] wiþ sotilnes. ¶ De seminibus / Semina caulium, aneti, vrtice, malue. Semina diuretica: cantabrum, [cantabrum, bran. Add. 15,236, lf. 3: "Cantabrum .i. grossum furfur tritici vel frumenti .G. la grose brene."] omne, [Lat.: omne amilum de ordeo.] farina ordei, orobi, & fabe / Pinguede porci & anseri, anatis, galline, aquile. ¶ De gummis / [folio 248a] Mastix, olibanum, opoponac, asa fetida, mirra, serapinum, armonicum, bdellium, galbanum, & alle maner sotil gummis: lapdanum, ysopus humida, terbentina, cera, swetynge of bestis, & buttir. ¶ Medicyns resolutif & compound of þe forseid, simple þou schalt fynde in þe nexte chapitre here tofore / Þis is an oile resoluinge / & makiþ hoot & aceessiþ akynge / ℞, florum camomille recencium, fenigreci seminis ana .[ounce] ij., leie hem in xx .[ounce] j. of oile of oliue in a glasen vessel, & lete it stonde to þe sunne .xl. daies in somer, & þan kepe it for

þin vss. If þou haddist nede herof & if it [if it, above line.] were in winter, þan take þe flouris of camomille dried & fenigrec & oile, as it is aforseid, & sette þis glasen vessel in a caudroun ful of watir, & make fier vndir, & loke þat þe water ne boile not, & so it schal stonde al a dai in hoot water / & whanne it is coold cole it, & kepe þe oile for þin vss / And in þis maner þou miȝt make oile of rosis, if þou hast nede, & oile of absinthium, & of rue, & of oþer mo þat þou hast nede of // Anoþer oile þat is resolutif / ℞, olei antiqui .lī. j., seminis aneti nouiter in vmbra siccati .[ounce] j., putte him in a viol fourti daies to þe sunne, ouþer sette it in hoot water [folio 248b] as it is aforseid. ¶ Anoþer oile þat is resoluyng and makiþ hoot & accessiþ akynge, & is good for to achaufe a mannys reynes & a wommans maris, & it is clepid olium de lilio compositum / ℞, olij antiqui .[ounce]. xx., florum liliorum alborum, & kutte awei þerof al þat is ȝelowe, cassilaginis, [Add. 15,236, lf. 3: "Cassilago, Iusquiamus idem G. geliner A. henebel. vel heneban." The Lat. has Cassio lignea, see Alphita, p. 35.] costi, masticis, carpobalsami ana .[ounce] i., [carpobalsamum, "balsames bloed." Wr. Wü., 199, 41 (X cent.).] cinamoni ana .[ounce] [one half]., putte alle þese in a glasen vessel, & lete hem stonde in þe schadowe al a moneþe, & þan do awey þe lilie flouris of þe oile, & kepe þe oile for þin vss. ¶ Anoþer oile þat is clepid olium mastice, & is swiþe resolutif, & is good for febilnes of þe stomac, & it is good for akynge of a mannes stomac / ℞, olium oliuarum mediocriter maturarum .lī. ij., masticis .[ounce]. vj., boile hem togidere in a double vessel, til þe mastix & þe oile be dissolued, & kepe it for þin vss. ¶ This þou muste knowe, þat whanne þou wolt make þat, þat schal be repercussif & coold & comfortyng for þe lyme, þan þou schalt chese oile þat is not to ripe, as for to make olium rosis, olium mirtinum, & oþere mo. If þou wolt make oile þat schal be resoluyng, ouþer persyng, þan þou schalt chese oile þat is ripe / And in þis maner þou schalt [folio 249a] knowe, wheþer þe oile be ripe or no. Oile þat is not ripe, wole be grene, & þat is ripe wole be whit, & þat þat is in þe meene, wole be meene colour bitwixe þe two. ¶ Oynementis þat ben resolutif ben maad in þis maner: of iiij .[ounce] of [MS. of twice.] oile of camomille ouþer of sum oþer oile & [ounce] j. of wex in somer, & [ounce] [one half]. in winter, & [ounce] j. of poudre of seedis of aneti, caulium, flouris of camomille. ¶ Ysopus humida is a good oynement resolutif, & is maad in þis maner: / Take of þe smal wolle þat is bitwixe þe schepis leggis, & take þerof a good quantite, & take as miche water,

& lete þe wolle ligge in þe watir adai & anyȝt, & þan boile hem a litil wiþ lent fier, & þan cole hem, & whanne þei ben coold, wrynge hem þoruȝ a clooþ, & do þe water þerof into a leden vessel, & boile it wiþ lent fier, & algate meeue it wiþ a spature til it bicome þicke as it were an oynement. ¶ Of enplastris þe beste þat is diaculon Rasis þat resolueþ scrophulas & glandulas, & makiþ carbunculis maturatif & is swiþe comoun / ℞, olij antiqui de oliuis maturis vncias quinque, litargiri .[ounce] j., & þou schalt poudre þe litarge in a morter & do þerto [folio 249b] þin oile & medle hem togidere, & þan do hem in a vessel & boile hem togidere, & meeue hem algatis wiþ a spature, & do þerto de muscillagine seminis lini, fenigreci, ana .[ounce] ij, & muscillaginnem malue visci .[ounce] j, & þan boile hem til þei bicome þicke, & make þerof gobetis & kepe hem to þin vss, & if þou wolt worche þerwiþ, take þerof as miche as þou wolt, & plane it vpon leþer or vpon lynnen clooþ, & leie vpon þe place. ¶ Diaculon Iohannis Mesue is better þan þis / & worchiþ more strongli. Þat þou schalt finde in paruo compendio. ¶ Also anoþer plastre þat is resolutif / ℞, maluarum siluestrum, paritarie, flouris of camomille, Melliloti ana @. j., boile hem in watir til þei be wel soden, & þan stampe hem, & take of þe same watir .iij. partis, & of sum oile þat is resolutif oon parti, seminis caulium, aneti partem [one half]., furfuris, farine ordei, ana partem j., boile hem alle togidere & make þerof as it were pultes, & þan do þerto of þe herbis þat ben soden as miche as of al þe remenaunt, & leie it vpon þe place þat þou wolt, sumdel hoot as it is aforseid, & seke medicins resolutiuis [folio 250a] þat ben in paruo compendio, & do it to, & þan þou miȝt haue medicyns resolutiuis ynowe /

Of þe tretis of þe foure maturatiuis.

Whanne þou hast resolued mani daies ouþer leid þerto repercussiuis, & ne is nouȝt worth, saue þe mater wole bicome maturatif, þan if his bodi be avoidid as it is aforseid, þan [begynne] [Lat.: "Quando pluribus resoluisti diebus aut forte repercussisti, nec valet, sed materia desiderat maturari, tunc premissis evacuationibus necessariis vel possibilibus, incipe maturare."] for to leie þerto maturatiuis / Eueri medicyn þat is maturatif is hoot in tempere wiþ a maner viscosite þat wole not suffre þe vapour to goon out, but it holdiþ him wiþinne til it be maturid; & ben þese: Malua viscus, branca vrcina, radix brionie, radix lappacii

acuti, [MS. lappa acuta.] baucie [baucia. Alphita, p. 21: "pastinaca, angl. widleskirwit."] Radix, farine frumenti, semen lini, fenigreci, ficus sicce, & alle þat ben forseid in þe nexte chapitre tofore, if þat þei beþ medlid herwiþ. ¶ This is a good maturatif compound of manie þingis þat makiþ hoot mater maturatif. ℞, foliorum malue nigre, id est comoun malue pinguis seu ortolane, brance vrcine, radix brioni, radicis malue visci ana. [handful] .j., seþe hem alle in watir & stampe hem, & þan do þerto malua visci, & þan take of þe same watir a pound [folio 250b] & freisch grese .[ounce] ij., & sotil mele of whete .[ounce] iij., & sotil mele of lynseed & of fenigrec ana .[ounce] j. & [one half]., medle hem togidere & boile hem perfiȝtli, & make þerof cataplasma, & þan do þerto of þe foreseid herbis & rootis wel grounde, & medle hem togidere, & loke þat þei be not to þicke / for it schal be algate þin entencioun, þat cataplasma, þat schal be resolutif or maturatif or mundificatif, ne schal not be hard; for if it be hard, it wole make akynge to þe lyme, & þan it wole anoie more þan profite. ¶ Item, if þou dredist woodnes of mater, þan þou ne schalt do þerto no fenigrec; for it is swiþe hoot, & þerwiþ þe mater wole be as it were a feuere. [Lat.: et cito per illum inflammatur materia.] & þerfore I counseile þee þat þou do no fenigrec þerto / If þou dredist, þat þe mater is swiþe hoot / if þer be wiþ þat mater ony gretnes or ony coold mater, þan make of þe forseid cataplasma .ij. partis, fermenti de frumento [MS. fermento.] partem j., & medle hem togidere. & Isaac seiþ: þat þis is good for mater þat is medlid wiþ hoot cause & coold cause togidere. ¶ Also a good maturatif / Take hony & butter ana, & medle hem with mele til þei be as þicke as it were pultes. [folio 251a] ¶ Item embrocaciouns in resoluciouns & maturacioun, & is good for akynge of woundis of concussioun in þe heed / concussioun is as miche to seie as smiten wiþ a staf / ℞, olij [ounce] ij., cere albe [ounce] j., cimini, rute, arthemesie ana. [ounce] [one half]., absinthi, paritarie, brance vrcine, ana [ounce] ij., grinde wel þe herbis & þe grese togidere in a morter, & þan do þerto poudre of comyn, & oile, & medle hem wel togidere. ¶ Also pultes þat wole make an enpostym maturatif: ℞, foliorum malue, bismalue, paritorie, volubilis maioris, iusquiami ana [ounce] ij., seþe hem in a litil watir, & þan presse hem & staumpe hem wel, & þan medle hem wiþ [ounce] iij of þe same watir þat þei weren soden ynne, & medle þerwiþ [ounce] j. of grese, þat it be cold, & barli mele þat suffisiþ / In þis maner þou schalt make a coold

mater maturatif / ℞, cepe unum [MS. vinum. Add. 26,106, fol. 103 b.: "cepe unum album."] album, item de capitibus allij, & sette hem vndir askis, & distempere hem wiþ þe .iij. part of buttir, & do þerto mele of fenigrek, & of lynseed, & make þerof an enplastre. & do þerto .ij. ȝelkis of eiren soden hard, & [ounce] j. off malui visci preparati, & [ounce] ij. of fermenti. ¶ Also a maturatif of greet mater & coold & hard. ℞, bdellij, serapini ana [ounce] j. & [one half], & dissolue hem in vinegre / [folio 251b] & stampe hem wel, & do þerto .[ounce] j. of terbentyne, & dissolue hem to þe fier / But loke þat it ne boile not, & do þerto oile of lilie .[ounce] ij., & make it þicke wiþ sutil mele of lupinis, & of fenigrec / Item [ounce] [one half]. of olibani, & fenigrec maad to poudre sotili poudrid, & medle hem wiþ .lī. [one half] of hony; þis wole be a good maturatif for coold causis. ¶ Also vnguentum tetrafarmacum, [MS. cetrafaroȝatum.] & it is clepid of Auicenne basilicon, [Phillips: "Basilicon, a Royal Ointment or Plaister, otherwise called Tetrapharmacon, because it is made up of four Ingredients, viz., Pitch, Rosin, Wax, and Oil."] & þus manie men preisiþ þis medicyn. Galen, Auicen, Serapion, Iohannes Mesue, & Haly þe abbot; & it makiþ enpostyms maturatif, & it is good for woundis, & for vlcera þat ben bicome hard / ℞, cere, resine, picis, cepi vaccini, [Lat.: sepi vaccini.] ana, & olij quod suffisiþ / Summen in stide of cepum, þei putten buttir, & summen in winter þei doon þerto oon parti of bdellium, & summen taken oonli ceram, picem, & rasinam ana, & olium; & þis is basilicon minus. ¶ Also a good maturatif for antracem / & is good for to make a wickid enpostym maturatif, as I haue aforseid in his place / ℞, ficus siccas bene pingues, numero .vj., vue passe [vue passe, dried grapes, i. e. raisins.] de corinthio .[ounce] j., duas spicas allij mundatas, piperis grana .xij., salis nitri .ȝ .ij., stampe alle þese & do þerto oold oile [ounce] ij., aceti [folio 252a] [ounce] j., fermenti acerimi as miche as is þe half of alle togidere. ¶ Also a maturatif for antracem / but if he be swiþe hard & malicious, an enplastre maad of hony is good þerfore & of oile of violet. ¶ Also for to make antracem & carbunculum maturatif / ℞, fermenti acris, lactis mulieris, mellis, vitellorum ouorum ana, medle hem togidere. If þou wolt worche more strongeli, do þerto galbanum dissolued as myche as þe haluendel of oon. & if þou wolt make it more strong, for to make it maturatif, & for to make it breke, þan do þerto culueris doung & of hennis ana, as miche as wole be .iiij. part of oon, as it is aforseid / baurac,

vj. part of oon & [one half].; þese .iij. maturatiuis suffisiþ þee / ¶ Also þis is a rule þat is ful profitable for þee / whanne þou wolt leie ony maturatif to a place: first þou schalt make embrocam [Lat.: prius locum embrocas. Matth. Sylv.: "Embroca id est infusio quam nos dicimus fomentum & embrocatio id est infusio sed quando ab alto infunditur." See p. 331, note 5.] to þe lyme wiþ a decoccioun of herbis maturatiuis, soden in watir, & wiþ þat hoot watir þou schalt baþe þe lyme til þe lyme bicome reed, & þan leie þeron a plastre of maturatiuis þat ben forseid oon þerof, for þou hast sufficiently ynowe, & loke þat þe enplastre be not to hard, [folio 252b] & as hoot as he mai suffre it þou schalt leie it þerto / ¶ Thou hast herd sufficientli of maturatiuis, ynow it is nede to speke of mundificatiuis. For whanne an hard matir is maad maturatif, it is nede for to leie þerto mundificatiuis as it is forseid in þe worchinge of enpostyms /

¶ Of þe tretis of mundificatiuis /

Mundificatum is as miche to seie as clensyng, & doiþ awei hore. & eueri þing þat doiþ awei hore in woundis & superfluite, may be seid a mundificatif / A mundificatif may be seid in .ij. maners / As a medicyn þat is taken bi þe mouþ, ouþer þat is putt in bineþe wiþ a clisterie, ouþer wiþ a pessarie [Traheron, Vigo. Interpret.: "Pessarie. Pessus is woll tossed, and made rounde after the fassyon of a fynger wherewith medicines are receyued and conueyed into the matrice."] for to make clene a mannes lymes wiþinne. & of þis kinde ben sirupis maad of seedis þat makiþ clene a mannes lymes, & weies of þe vrine / And þer ben summe medicyns þat makiþ clene a mannes blood as cassia fistula, manna, [MS. manci.] tamarindi; & al medicyns laxatiuis mowen be clepid mundificatiuis, & herof is not entencioun in þis caas / ¶ Anoþir. I wole speke of medicyns mundificatif in cirurgie. [Lat.: Alio modo loquimur de medicina mundificatiua in cyrurgia.] & þat is propirli seid a medicyn, þat doiþ awei greet superfluite ouþer gret greuance [folio 253a] of quitture, ouþer remeueþ [MS. remeued.] awei harde crustis in woundis, ouþir in vlceribus, & makiþ clene woundis & vlcera of þat superfluite / ffor as it is seid in anoþer place: In eueri wounde þat is holow, þat is as miche to seie as whanne it haþ lost substaunce of fleisch þeron, þan bi skille [Lat. necessario.] þer schulde be engendrid þeron .ij. superfluites, þat oon schal be greet, & þat oþer schal be sotil. & þese wollen lette þe souding of a wounde, & þei wolen

lette þat þe fleisch mai not wexe. ¶ Þan medicyn mundificatif remeueþ greet superfluite. Of driynge medicyns, we wolen speke in þe chapitre next / This maner medicyn schal go bifore regeneracioun & consolidacioun, of whiche we wolliþ speke herafter; þouȝ aggregatiua or conglutinatiua come sumtyme for to soude wiþouten þat, þat þis medicyns ne goiþ not tofore, as whanne woundis ben sewid & ben maad hool wiþouten regeneracioun of quitture. Þis medicyn makiþ clene, & drieþ sumwhat, as water & hony whanne vlcera virulenta beþ waischen þerwiþ, ouþir woundis in which agendriþ miche quitture; & sumtyme it is more strong, as whanne þer beþ medlid þerwiþ poudris corosiuis þat han litil [folio 253b] vertu of corosiuis, & helpiþ for to make clene, & whanne corosiuis ben seid for to take awey yuel fleisch þat ne mai not be taken awei with medicyns /

Therfore I wole sette medicyns bi rule, & first I wole speke of medicyns þat ben simple / ffor as me seiþ .x. siþis rehersid liketh a man. [Add. 26,106, fol. 104: "et quum medicine simplices raro ponuntur ad mundificandum, ideo ponam medicamina composita per ordinem, denumerando medicinas simplices, non curando, quoniam decies repetita placebunt."] ¶ Thou schalt wite þis þat woundis þat ben freisch, þer it is no nede for to engendre quitture whanne þer is noon concussioun, neiþer of nerues, ne of boon, ne prickynge, ne þer is noon akynge þerwiþ / þan it is no nede for to leie þerto mundificatiuis, but oonli consolidatiuis / But whanne a wou[n]de is chaungid wiþ þe eir or enpostymed, or greet akynge, þan þou muste leie þerto maturatiuis; & whanne þe akynge & þe oþere accidentis ben awei, þan þou schalt bigynne for to leie þerto mundificatiuis as it is aforseid in his chapitre / This is a coold mundificatif for to make clene woundis þat ben freisch in which is good quitture. ℞, mellis rosati colati .[ounce]. iij., farine subtillissime ordei .[ounce] j., & do þerto a litil water, & seþe hem softli þat þei ne brenne not, & algate þou schalt [folio 254a] meue it wiþ a spature, & þan make it abrood vpon a clooþ, & leie it vpon þe wounde / This makiþ clene & comfortiþ / If it so be þat a wounde be in nerues placis, þan it is good for to do þerto a litil terbentyn waischen, whanne it is doon adoun fro þe fier / for terbentyn schal not boile, whanne itt schal be putt into enplastris, for it wole lese his worching in þe boilyng. ¶ Anoþir mundificatif þat makiþ clene duram matrem whanne a man is hurt in þe heed, & whanne dura mater is bicome blac / ℞, mellis rosati colati [ounce] j., olij [ounce] [one half]., medle hem togidere. ¶ Anoþer mundificatif

þat makiþ woundis maturatif þat ben to-swolle & ben not to brennyng hoot, but sumwhat toward cooldnes / ℞, mellis rosati colati .lī. [one half]., farine fenigreci .[ounce] ij., farine ordei .[ounce] j. ¶ Anoþer mundificatif for vlcera þat beþ newe in enpostyms / Take ȝelkis of eiren rawe, & medle þerwiþ whete mele as miche as wole suffise; þis wole make clene & do awei þe akynge, & make þe place coold / ¶ Also anoþer mundificatif þat wole make maturatif þerwiþ, & is good whanne a man wole [folio 254b] kutte an enpostym tofore his tyme. & it is a propre medicyn for to make clene antrasem & carbunculo & alle maner pustulis þat ben venymous aftir þe tyme þat þei ben opened, & it is good for to make clene, vlcera þat ben oold / ℞ mellis albi boni .lī. [one half]., farine subtilissime tritici .[ounce] iij, medle hem togidere in a panne. & whanne þei ben wel medlid, þan do þerto iuys of apium .[ounce] vij., & þan medle hem wel togidere vpon lent fier, & boile hem til þei bicome as it were pultes. & þan do hem adoun of þe fier & stire hem wel, & kepe hem for þin vss / If it so be þat þou dredist of a cancre or of a festre in vlceribus þat ben oold, & if þou wolt make a mundificatif þerfore, þan in þe stide of apium do absinthium, & it wole be good. ¶ Anoþer mundificatif in vlceribus þat ben rotid, & whanne þer engendriþ þervpon greet rotyng / ℞, mellis lī .j., farine siliginis .[ounce] iiij., farine fenigreci, orobi, lupinorum, mirre, ana [ounce] j., succi absinthij lī .j., medle hem alle togidere, & poudre þingis þat schulen be poudrid, & boile hem sotilli til þei be perfiȝtli boilid; & whanne þou doist hem adoun of þe fier, þan do þerto of terbentyn .[ounce] iiij., [folio 255a] & medle hem wel togidere / Alle þese mundificatiuis schulen be maad abrood vpon a clooþ of lynnen, & leid vpon vlcus for to make it clene aftir þe tyme þat þei beþ waische, as it is aforseid in þe chapitre de vlceribus / ¶ A poudre þat is mundificatif of crustis & greet fleisch þat is engendrid in oold vlceribus, & wiþoute greet violence of fretyng / ℞, succi affodillorum .[ounce] vj., calcis viue .[ounce] ij., auripigmenti .[ounce] j., medle hem togidere, & sette hem in þe sunne in þe moneþe of august, & on nyȝtis do it out of þe eir, & in þis maner þou schalt do til it be drie, & make herof gobetis, & þan drie hem in þe schadowe. & þou schalt kepe hem in a vessel of tree in a place þat be not to drie, ne to moist. & whanne þou hast nede þerto, grinde oon þerof, & leie it vpon þe place. ¶ Also a good mundificatif for vlcera is vnguentum viride, þat is maad of oon part of vert de grece, & .ij. partis of hony, medlid wel togidere. ¶ Also a good oynement for to make clene, vlcera þat ben hori, & festri, & polipum, & wickid

vlcera, & is clepid vnguentum veneris, ouþer vnguentum apostolorum. & it is good for to remeue awei fleisch in vlceris / [folio 255b] ℞, cere albe, rasine albe, armoniaci ana .ȝ. xiiij., bdellij, astrologie, olibani gummosi ana .ȝ. vj., galbani, mirre ana .ȝ. iiij., litargiri .ȝ. viij., opoponac, floris eris ana. ȝ. iij.; þe gummys schulen be maad neische in vinegre, & dissolued wiþ fier þat be lent, & þan do þerto wex dissolued wiþ lī. ij. of oile in somer, & iiij. in winter. & whanne þei ben molten, do þerto þi poudris, & make þerof an oynement. ¶ Anoþer oynement clensiþ wel nerues & drawiþ out þe quitture, & it is clepid mundificatiuum rasina [Lat.: mundificatiuum de rasina.] / ℞, rasine, mellis, terbentyn ana .lī. [one half]., mirre, sarcocolle, farine fenigreci, seminis lini ana [ounce] j., dissolue þe rosyn, hony & wex togidere, & þan do þerto þi poudris, & make þerof pultes. ¶ Also we moten vse medicyns þat ben more strong, & ben clepid medicine cauteriȝantes, for to make clene vlcera þat ben yuel in neruous place. & þe teching herof þou schalt fynde in þe chapitre de medicinis facientibus opus cauterij.

Of medicyns regeneratiuis & consolidatiuis.

It þinkiþ bi þe maner of speche þat þe medicyns þat ben seid in þis chapitre ben al oon, but þer is miche difference bitwixe / ffor [folio 256a] of summen alle þei ben clepid consolidatiuis. But aggregatiue & consolidatiue ben al oon / And regeneratiue, & incarnatiue, & facientes carnem nasci, ben oon to seie; & þer is greet difference bitwixe hem þat ben forseid & þese / And sigillatiuis, & cicatriȝatiuis, & consolidatiuis ben al oon; neþeles alle þese names ben not propirli take of alle auctouris / But oon herof is taken for anoþer ofte tyme / But for to seie þe soþe, a medicyn þat is clepid aggregatum or conglutinatum, & A. in diuers placis taketh diuersli þese names of medicyns: & I suppose þat it were for defaute of men þat translatid þe science / But for to seie þe soþe, aggregatiua or consolidatiua is a drie medicyne, & haþ gummosite in him; & whanne it is leid to þe lyme, it wole resolue wiþ his drienes. It drieþ vp superfluite of moistnes þat is bitwixe þe lippis of a wounde, wiþ a litil ligature or sewing it soudiþ togidere. [Add. 26,106, fol. 105: "superfluam siccat humiditatem que inter duo vulneris labia, per medicum ligatura sola vel sutura conducta, reperitur."] & A. clepiþ þis incarnatiuam, & summen clepen it consolidatiuam, & ben þese / Sanguis draconis, calx, thus masculinum

folia pirorum, pomorum, porri, lilij cortices, palme, [MS. pullme.] arnaglossa, caulis, folia cipressi, folia vitis [folio 256b] albe, nux recens, folia acetose, puluis molendini, ordeum vstum, flos sorbe, lac acetosum, & oþere manie þat ben vnknowen for us / Sumtyme men maden grete woundis & leiden þervpon manie herbis, & weren hool in þe same dai; & þei camen for to take of þe same herbis, & ne miȝten noon fynde þat wolde do so more / A good medicyn for þis entencioun: ℞, frankencense partem vnam, sanguis draconis partes duas, calcis viue partes tres, & make herof poudre; & leie ynowȝ vpon þe .ij. lippis of þe wounde þat is sewid togidere, as it is aforseid in þe chapitre of woundis. ¶ Anoþer poudre þat is good for þis entencioun; but in placis þat is myche fleisch aweie, it is nede for to leie þerto þingis to regendre fleisch, þat we wolliþ speke þerof soone heraftir. ℞, olibani lucidi, aloes, sanguis draconis ana, make þerof poudre. ¶ Anoþer comoun for to streyne blood, & for to soude woundis: ℞, sarcocolle partes duas, sanguis draconis, balaustie ana partem vnum, [sic.] olibani lucidi partem [one half], & make herof poudre.

¶ Medicyns forto regendre fleisch haueþ propriete forto congile blood, þat comeþ to þe place wiþ tempere drienes, & makiþ þerof [folio 257a] fleisch, & makiþ clene superfluite þat wexiþ þeron. & þis is in diuers maner / ffor whi, if a lyme be woundid in þat maner þat it be nede for to regendre fleisch þeron, & þe place is drie, & þer is miche quitture in þe wounde, þan it is nede þat þou haue swiþe drijng medicyns. ¶ If þat he haue litil quitture & his bodi be moist, — — alle þese techingis þou hast had tofore. [Lat.: si vero pauca fuerit sanies, & membrum & corpus fuerint humida, medicina tunc indiges minus sicca, sicut superius habuisti.] ¶ Medicyns þat ben liȝt þat þou schalt vse þere, þat þer is litil quitture yn moist bodies: ℞, thus minutum, mastix, farina ordei, fenigreci. And þese beþ sumwhat more drier: aristologie, yreos, & orobum, aloes, mirra, pix greca, farina fabarum; & more strong þat þou schalt vse in bodies: astrologia, yreos, farina lupinorum, dragantum adustum, vitriolum adustum; for if it be brent it wole be þe lasse bityng, & his drienes ne schal not be alaskid. ¶ For .vij. causis diuers þingis ben brent: Summe ben brent, for sum vertu in hem schulde wexe / And summe þat þe malice þerof schulde goon awei: as mirabolani, þat haueþ vertu of laxatif, & virtutem stipticam, for whanne it is brent his vertu laxatif is maad lasse; & his vertu þat is clepid stiptica, is neuer þe lasse, but it is þe more. In þe same

maner [folio 257b] vitriolum lesiþ his scharpnes, & his drienes is not lost / The .ij. is þis, þat his greet substaunce mowe be maad sutil, as cancri id est crabbis þat ben brent / The .iij. cause is þis, þat it mowe gadere scharpnes, as stoonys, oistris, & schellis of eiren, þat ben brent þat me mai make lyme of hem / The .iiij. is, þat it mowe be aparailid for to be grounden, as seta sericum [Lat.: sicut seta aut sericum.] / & among alle medicyns þat ben for þe herte þat mowe be grounde, ben þe beste as gold & siluir [Add. 26,106, fol. 105, bk.: quod inter medicinas cordiales fit, quod assatur ut teri possit, et aurum & argentum, que decoquuntur cum sulphure ...] / In þis maner þou schalt diȝte hem for to grinde / Seþe hem in sulfur in leed, þat þei mowe þe bettir be grounde / The .v. cause is þis, þat þe wickidnes þerof mowe be take awei: as of scorpiouns þat ben brent, þat we mowe vse hem in medicyns, þat ben for þe stoon. The .vj. cause is þis, þat his vertu mowe be maad þe more, as squillis whanne þei ben brent, her vertu wole be þe more / The .vij. cause is þis, þat his vertu mowe be take fro him: as psillium, whanne it is brent / his vertu wole be þe lasse // In what maner þou schalt go fro medicyn to medicyn, þou hast it pleynerli ynowȝ in þe first tretis, [folio 258a] boþe simple medicyns & also compound / þe whiche þou miȝt vse as þou seest best to done / If þou wolt regendre fleisch in a deep put þat vlcus is, take poudre of thuris, whanne vlcus is [is, above line.] maad clene, & fille ful þe hole þerof, for it wole engendre fleisch wel. ¶ In þes vertues, & it is moost competent to consolidatif medicyns. [Lat.; Et nota quod de thure tria sunt, sive cortex, & illud est siccius omnibus, & convenit plus in consolidatiuis medicinis facientibus pellem & cicatrizantibus, quas ita habebis.] & his gummosite þat is clepid thus masculinum ouþer olibanum, & þat is best for medicyns þat is conglutinatif, þat ben forseid in þe bigynnyng of þis chapitre. & þe poudre of him, whanne it is maad smal & falliþ adoun of a sarce, is clepid minutum thuris, & þat is best to regendre fleisch.

Bi þis maner distinccioun þou schalt gadere þe difference of þre medicyns þat ben in þis chapitre, & of summen þei ben clepid alle [consolidatiues]. ¶ The .j. þerof þat is seid conglutinatif, þat makiþ þe lippis of a wounde soude togidere / The .ij. it drieþ & makiþ clene, & helpiþ blood for to turne into fleisch / The .iij. it drieþ wiþ vertu þat is clepid stiptica, þat makiþ hard fleisch to arise in þe stide of skyn. ¶ This is a good medicyn for to regendre fleisch, þat is clepid litargirum nutritum, þat is norischid [folio 258b] as it is

aforseid in þe chapitre de vlceribus. ¶ Anoþer poudre þat engendriþ fleisch / Take thuris minute, masticis, fenigreci ana, fiat puluis. Þis poudre regendriþ fleisch wel & drawiþ, & nyle not suffre þat vlcus schal stynke, but it makiþ for to haue a good sauour. ¶ Also an oynement þat is good for to regendre fleisch / ℞, litargiri nutriti [ounce] .ij, puluis thuris, sarcocolle, galbani, colofonie, [colofonie, see Alphita, p. 42.] ana [dram] .j, medle hem alle togidere, & make þerof an oynement. ¶ Anoþer poudre, ℞, radicem malui visci, þat summen clepen [clepen, above line.] sanaticlam, [sanaticla. See Wr. Wül., 554, 8: "Saniculum, i. sanicle, i. wudemerch." Minsheu quotes the following proverb: "Celuy qui sanicle a, de Mire affaire il n'a. Et qui a du bugle & du sanicle, fait au chirurgien la nique. He that hath Sanicle, respects not the Poticarie, and he that hath Sanicle and Cumfrie, makes a iest of the Surgeon."] & sumen clepiþ it vngaria; & waische it & drie it in a furneis in sich maner þat þou ne brenne it not. & þan grinde it & make þerof poudre, & leie þerof a good quantite in vlceribus þat ben holow / for off his owne propriete it engendriþ fleisch, boþe bi him-silf & also whanne it is medlid wiþ oþere þingis / Also take of þe forseid poudre [ounce] .j, of thus þat be smal [ounce] [one half], vernicis, [Halle, Table, p. 134: "Out of the Iuniper tree sweateth certeine teares, in the spring tyme chiefly and therefore called Vernix, quasi Vernus ros."] aloes, sarcocolle, masticis, fenigreci ana [dram] .ij, medle hem wiþ þe þingis aforseid, & þou miȝt make þerof an oynement wiþ oile & wex; & do [ounce] j. of þe poudre in [ounce] .iiij. of oile, & [ounce] [one half]. of wex. [folio 259a] And þis þou schalt knowe, þat þere þou puttist poudris, þou schalt putte none oynementis for to regendre fleisch / But whanne poudre ne mai not come þerto to þe botme þerof, þan þou muste leie þeron oynementis, for þe moisture of þe oile makiþ þe poudre peerse to þe botme. ¶ Also þis oynement is good, for it drawiþ out quitture / ℞, olij lī. [one half], resine [ounce] .j, cere [ounce] .[one half], minute thuris, fenigreci ana [ounce] .[one half], make herof an oynement & cole it. ¶ Also anoþer oynement þat is good for þis entencioun. ℞, consolide maioris & minoris, cinoglosse, pilocelle, [Lat. pilosella. See Wr. Wül., p. 556, 18.] plantaginis maioris & minoris, ana. [handful] .j, vermes terrestres longos, qui dicuntur lumbrici, lī. [one half]; kutte alle þes smale, [MS. þesmale.] & leie hem in lī. j & [one half]. of oile of oliue, & lete hem ligge þere .viij. daies, & þan boile hem a litil & þan cole hem, & do þerto schepis talow maad clene id est molten & colid, picis naualis lī. [one half], picis grece [ounce] .iiij, armoniaci, galbanum, opoponaci, terbentine, masticis communis minuti, ana [ounce]. [one half]. In þis maner

þou schalt make hem: Take armoniaci, galbanum, opoponaci, & dissolue hem in vinegre, & aftirward dissolue [folio 259b] hem in caȝiola. [Matth. Sylv.: "Cazola est quoddam vas." See Ital. cazzuola. Tomm. Dict.] & whanne þei ben dissolued, do þerto oile, wex & pich, & þan do þerto alle þe oþere þat ben maad to poudre, & þan cole hem & kepe hem for þin vss. ¶ If þou leist þis oynement in þe botme of a wounde, it wole drawe out þe quitture & aswage þe akynge, & it wole make clene & regendre fleisch in vlcera. ¶ This þou muste knowe, þat þouȝ I sette proporcioun of poudris, & oile, & wex, neþeles þou schalt proporcioun þi þingis more or lasse as þou seest þat þou hast nede þerto. ¶ If a wounde haue miche quitture, & be in a drie place, þan þou schalt do þerto þe more poudre, & þe lasse oile & wex / If it so be þat a wounde be in a moist place, þan þou schalt do þerto þe lasse of þe poudre, & more of þe oile & of þe wex, as it is aforseid. ¶ Medicina consolidatiua, cicatriȝatiua, & sigillatiua ben al oon; & þat ben medicyns þat drieþ þe moisture of a wounde, & makiþ a rynde aboue vpon þe fleisch, & makiþ a strong keueryng for [MS. fro.] to defende þe fleisch fro harm / And A. seiþ, þat in vlcera þat is holow, þat þere [folio 260a] ne schal neuere be no skyn engendrid þeron, for þe skyn in a man is engendrid of þe spermis of þe fadir & of þe modir / And alle þe partijs of a man þat ben engendrid oonli of sperme, & þei be kutt awei, þei schulen neuere wexe aȝen / And alle þese þingis in a man ben engendrid oonli of sperme, as a mannes skyn, & boonys & senewis; & þerfor & þer be ony gobet kutt awei of þese, þei ne mowe neuere be regendrid aȝen, as .A. seiþ, & it is sooþ / But in þis caas medicynes mowe helpe for to engendre hard fleisch aboue, & schal be in þe place of skyn, vpon which place nyle neuer wexe here afterward [Lat.: "medicina ista namque adiuuat, vt naseatur caro calosa dura, que est loco cutis, super quam non nascitur pilus."] / ¶ Simple medicyns þat ben in þis caas makyng skyn vpon a soor þat is clene / Cortices arboris, pini, cortices thuris, centaurea combusta, ossa combusta, abrotanum combustum, balaustie, galle, cipressi, psidie, cucurma, rubea maioris combusta, lumbrici terestris adusti, cathinia argenti & auri, alumen sissum, folia fici, stercus canis comedentis ossa siccatum, [MS. sucatum.] aristologia longa & rotunda combuste, es vstum lauatum, & ius medicina [Lat.: "et omnis (abbr. oīs) medicina, que fit in duabus actiuis propter temperamentum."] / [folio 260b] Sumtyme we medlide medicyns

conglutiuas wiþ a fewe corrosiuis, þat schulen be seid in þe nexte chapitre here aftir / But for to medle medicyns in þis maner, þer mote be miche kunnynge for to proporcioune hem, & summe þerof þou muste haue bi experience, & summe of þe knowing of þe mannes complexioun, boþe of his bodi & also of his lyme / Of þe forseid simple medicyns þou miȝt vse hem in powdre, & if þou wolt þou miȝt make oynementis of hem, as it is aforseid / But þe oile þat þou wolt make þese oynementis wiþ, schal algate be stipticum, as oleum rosaceum & mirtinum. ¶ A good composicioun þat þou schalt vse in somer in woundis & in vlceribus þat ben hote, & in euery place þere þe skyn is aweie in a mannes bodi, of riding, eiþir of pustulis, or of fier, or off hoot watir, & it is clepid vnguentum Rasis, þat is maad in þis maner: ℞, olij ro. [ounce] iiij, cere [ounce] [one half], in þese regiouns þat ben hoot & [MS. om. &.] in somer [ounce] .ij, & aftir þe regioun þou schalt do þerto dyuers quantite of wex, ceruse [ounce] .j, camphore [dram] .j, þe whitis of ij. eggis. Þou schalt make it in þis maner / ffirst þou schalt grinde .ij almaundis [folio 261a] blaunchid & stampid in a morter, & þan do out þe almaundis þat ben to-broke of þe morter, & make clene þe morter; & þan leie þeron camphore, & grinde it smal; & þan do þerto ceruse, & grinde it smal; & þan do þerto oile, & grinde hem wel togidere wiþ þe pestel. & whanne it is almoost coold, þan do þerto .ij. whitis of eiren, & meue hem wiþ a sclise longe, for þe more þat þei ben stirid togidere þe bettir it wole be / Summen doon þerto ceruse wiþ þe forseid quantite of oile & wex, and camphore & whitis of eiren [dram] .v, litargiri [dram] .iij. & þis is a good consolidatif, but it makiþ coold. & if þou wolt do þerto litarge, do more or lasse as þou seest þat it is to done // ¶ This is a good poudre for þis entencioun / ℞, aloes, balaustiarum, cathinie argenti, eris vsti triti, [MS. certis.] & lauati partes equales; make herof sutil poudre, & herof leie vpon þe place þere þou wolt haue þe skyn. ¶ Anoþer poudre þat is more strong þan þis / ℞, aloes, cucurmie, vermium terestrium combustorum, balaustiarum, mirre, gallarum. ¶ A good oynement / ℞, fecem argenti [dram] .xxx, merdam ferri, cymolie ana [dram] .vij [folio 261b] & [one half], cathinie argenti, ceruse, litargiri, plumbi vsti ana [dram] .v, argille rubie [dram] .x; medle hem alle wiþ oile of ro., & make an oynement, & it is clepid vnguentum de palma. ¶ Also anoþer þat G. made, þat wole soude vlcera þat ben oold & yuel for to hele / ℞, adipis porci antiqui sine sale id est freisch swynys grese molten, & colid þoruȝ a clooþ / olij lī. j & [one half],

litargiri lī. [one half], calamenti [calamentum, a mistake for calcantum. Phillips: "Calcanth a Chymical word, being the same as Vitriol."] [ounce] .iiij; make it in þis maner: grinde litargirum & calamentum in a morter, & do þerto a litil & a litil of oile & grese, molten togidere / ¶ Also: ℞, spatulam id est quæ fit de palma viridi, & þe middil þerof aboue kutt smal to gobetis, & do it in þi medicyn, & wiþ þe half of þe oþere medicyns medle þis medicyn; þis is good for to regendre & soude togidere. ¶ Anoþir medicyn þat is good for to regendre fleisch & make clene & soude, & is clepid medicamen Iohannis Mesue, þat is maad in þis maner / ℞, pistatiue & resine, [Lat.: rasure vel pistature.] panni albi vetusti [ounce] .j, opoponacum [ounce] .ij, vini, mellis, olij ro. vel mirtini [ounce] .x, litargiri, aloes, sarcocolle, mirre, ana [ounce] .[one half], make herof an oynement; þis wole regendre & hele woundis þat ben [folio 262a] wickid & yuel for to hele, & þis medicyn is as good as þat, þat is sett in þe chapitre de vlceribus virulentis; þis makiþ clene, & drieþ & regendriþ fleisch, þerfore ioyne þat & þis togidere. ¶ Also an oynement þat Maister william someris [I cannot find a physician of this name. Perhaps it is Gulielmo Corvi, author of the Tractica, who was a friend of Lanfranc. Hæser I., p. 710.] made / ℞, rasinam albam & liquefactam in vino acerimo, & cole þe wijn & þe rosyn togidere into coold watir, & anoynte þin hondis, & tempere it wel in þin hondis, & kepe it, & if it be in somer do þerto half so miche of whit wex; make þis abrood vpon a lynnen clooþ, & leie it vpon þe wounde, & þis wole drie wel. ¶ Item: ℞, olij ro. [ounce] .iij, rasine [ounce] .ij, cere [ounce] j, nucis cipreissi, cucurmie ana [ounce] .j, make herof a gobet & kepe it; þis is more worþ þan apostolicon Nicholai. ¶ The maner of worching of þese medicyns, þat of summen ben clepid consolidatiuis, schal be do in þis maner / The firste dai þat a wounde is maad, & þou hast brouȝt þe lippis of þe wounde togidere with sewinge ouþir wiþ sum oþer maner, þan leie þerto of þe firste medicyn, þat is clepid conglutinatif, vpon þe place þat is sewid, & leie þerof ynowȝ; & þan þervpon leie a lynnen clooþ [folio 262b] wet in whitis of eiren, & þan leie þerto defensiuis & oþere necessarijs til þe lippis of þe wounde be soudid togidere faste. ¶ The .ij. medicyn, þat is clepid regeneratiuum, þat schal be leid in vlceribus & in depe woundis, for to regendre fleisch. ¶ At þe laste þou schalt leie consolidatiuis, or þe fleisch wexe to hiȝe; & but if þou do þus, þou muste leie corosiuis for to frete awei þat fleisch þat is woxe to hiȝe, & þat is double traueile & also vnkunnyng of þe leche. ¶ Thou muste knowe wel

where & whanne þou schalt vse þese medicyns, & in þis maner þou schalt folowe þe riȝt rule of medicyns, & þan þi medicyns woliþ worche as þei schulde /

¶ Of medicyns cauteratiuis & corrosiuis /

Corosiuis & cauteriȝatiuis we vsiþ in cirurgie in manie causis, & of corosiuis summe ben feble, & summe ben strong, & summe beþ more stronger / These ben feble, hermodactilis, aristologia, brionia, gencina, [Lat.: gentiana.] vitriolum adustum, & þese haueþ moost vertu in moist bodies. ¶ More strong ben þes: vitriolum not combustum, tapsia, pees milui, [MS. vulpi. Pes milui "crow-foot."] [folio 263a] apium rampnum, [Alphita, p. 11: "Apium ranarum siue apium rampnum crescit in pratis ..." See rampinus, uncus.—Dufr.] cortex viticelle [Wr. Wül., 138, 28: "Viticella, wiþwinde."] / And þese ben more strong: flos eris, viride eris, es vstum, arsenicum, sulphur. ¶ Also þese ben more strong: calx viua maad of stoonis, & of schellis of eiren & oistris, & strong lye, & arsenicum sublimatum, & watir maad of þese þingis; & of þese medicyns þou miȝt make medicyns boþe simple & compound, whiche þou miȝt vse whanne þou wolt take awei deed fleisch, more strong & lasse strong as þou seest þat it is nede þerto. ¶ Of medicins þat ben compound I wole telle þee a fewe, for of simple medicyns þou miȝt compound manie. ¶ A poudre þat wiþouten ony greuaunce & liȝtli fretiþ awei deed fleisch / ℞, viride eris, hermodactulorum, aristologia rotunda, make þerof poudre & kepe it in a drie place, & whanne þou wolt do awei deed fleisch / Take lynet eiþer lynnen clooþ, & wete it with þi spotil & leie it in þe poudre, & turne it vp & doun, & leie it vpon þe place. ¶ Thou schalt attende superfluite of fleisch [fleisch in margin.] in .ij. maners / In oon maner superfluite of fleisch as of clene fleisch þat wexiþ tofore aboue a wounde, & þis is [folio 263b] clepid superfluite of good fleisch / In an oþer maner we clepiþ superfluite of fleisch þat is medlid wiþ quitture, & is liquide, & þis comeþ in defaute of þe leche, whanne he leiþ regeneratiuis to a wounde ouþir to ony þing til it be perfitli clene, so þat þe newe fleisch & þe quitture wexiþ forþwiþ / In þe firste cause is noon nede of oþer medicyn, but a simple corosif [MS. corosiþ.] þat fretiþ wiþouten violence awei þe fleisch þat is woxen to hiȝ aboue þe wounde. ¶ In þe .ij. cause it is necessarie for to haue a medicyn corosif & clensynge as it is

aforseid in þe chapitre off mundificatiuis. ¶ Anoþir good poudre þat remeueþ awei superfluite of fleisch & rotid fleisch & crustons [crustons, O.Fr. crouston.] / ℞, calcis viue [ounce]. ij, arsenici [ounce]. ij., succi affodillorum radicis [ounce]. vj., medle hem togidere & make þerof gobetis & kepe hem & drie hem in schadowe & kepe hem in a drie place, for in a moist place it wole rotie anoon. & whanne þou hast nede for to vse ony herof, þan make þerof poudre & leie it vpon þe place. ¶ Also an oynement þat is clepid vnguentum viride & is a liȝt corrosif, & makiþ [folio 264a] superfluite of rotid fleisch & is maad in þis maner. ℞, mellis partes .ij., viride eris partem vnam, & medle hem togidere. ¶ Also anoþer vnguentum viride þat makiþ clene & regendriþ good fleisch in vlceribus þat ben olde, & fretiþ awei wickid fleisch wiþouten violence / ℞, celidoyne radicis, alleluya, [Sin. Bart., p. 10: "Alleluia. i. wodesour."] folia centrum [Alphita, p. 38: "Centrum galli gallitricum ... nux muscata." Wild Sage, Cancerweed.] galli, leuistici agrestis, scabiose, ana @. j., grynde wel alle þese herbis togidere wiþ .lī. j. of schepis talowe & .lī. j. of oile, medle hem togidere, & lete hem ligge .x. daies & rotie, & þan do hem to seþing on þe fier til þe herbis falle to þe botme, & þan cole hem, & do þerto wex, terbentyne, ana [ounce]. ij., colofonie [ounce]. j., masticis, olibani, ana [ounce]. [one half]., viridis eris [ounce]. j. þat schal be do in in þe ende of þe boilyng, & medle hem wel togidere, & make þerof an oynement. ¶ If þou wolt make a stronger medicyn for to slee a festre & a cancre / ℞, vitri albi combusti, sulphuris viui, viridis eris, galle, attramenti, vitriole viridis, ana [ounce] [one half]., auripigmenti foliati ȝ. ij., make herof poudre, & distempere hem wiþ strong vinegre & lacte anabulle [Matth. Sylv.: "Anabulla est species titimalli." Compare Alphita, p. 9.] til it be as þicke as it were hony, & sette it to þe sunne [folio 264b] in somer, & lete it drie. & if it be in wintir þou miȝt drie it wiþ lent fier, and whanne it is drie poudre it aȝen, & tempere wiþ þe forseid licour, & þan drie it aȝen, & þus þou schalt do .iij. siþis ouþir .iiij. & þan make poudre þerof & kepe it in a drie place. ¶ Anoþer poudre þat drieþ a cancre & a festre, & remeueþ superfluite of fleisch / ℞, radices brionie [ounce]. v., tapcie, laureole, esule, ana [ounce]. ij., ciclaminis, yreos, aristolochie, longe & rotunde, hermodactulorum, affodillorum radicis .ȝ j., & herbarum celidonie, leuistice agrestis, buglosse, summitates oliuarum, & mirte ana [ounce]. j., tempere þe herbis & þe rotis in vinegre bi .iiij. daies, & þan seþe hem & cole hem, & take þat licour þat comeþ þerof, & seþe it & caste þeron quik lyme

poudrid sotilli lī. j., & medle hem wel togidere, & at þe laste do þerto auripigmenti [ounce]. iij., & medle hem wel togidere, & make þerof gobetis & kepe hem in a drie place, & whanne þou hast nede þerto, grynde oon þerof, & leie þe poudre þerof vpon þe place þat þou wolt haue frete. ¶ Anoþir poudre of þe same kynde. ℞, arsenici rubri & citrini, calcis viue, aluminis [Halle Table, p. 9. Alumen de pluma = Alumen Liquidum.] de pluma, gallarum nouarum ana, grynde hem with vinegre [folio 265a] & medle hem & drie hem, & kepe hem as it is aforseid / ¶ A strong medicyn þat is as strong as oni fier, & vnquenta ruptoria þat mortifieþ quyk fleisch & etiþ it, & oon herof is riȝtt strong & is a poudre maad bi sublimacioun. ℞, limature ferri, vitrioli viridis, alumen iamini, antymonij ana [ounce]., ij. salis armoniaci, arsenici citrini, sulphuris viui [

a caret is placed here and this added later, but does not follow on:—

fflos eris ana [ounce] j [one half]

calsis viue G [ounce]

argenti viu. [ounce] j. [in margin.]

] extincti cum saliua, & tempere hem wiþ vinegre, ouþir wiþ watir, ouþir wiþ strong lye, & þe lie wole be þe bettir if it be maad wiþ bene scelis, & þan drie it & putte it in alutel [Castelli: "Aludel vel Alutel vocatur Vitrum sublimatorium." Arab. al-outhal (Devic. Dict.). A vessel used in sublimation.] & sublime it / This is þe maner of sublimacioun / loke þou haue a strong vessel maad of glas þat it mowe dure in þe fier, ouþir a vessel of erþe wel glasid wiþinne, & loke þat þe couercle þerof & þe bodi be wel closyng, & do þerin þi poudre, & lute it wiþ good lute, & sette it in a furneis & make liȝt fier half adai, & þan do out thi fier, & whanne it is coold opene it, & þat, þat leeueþ in þe botme of þe vessel caste it out, & þat, þat cleueþ faste to þe couercle aboue, take it & kepe it, & if þou wolt worche þerwiþ þou muste worche ful quentliche, for it wole [folio 265b] brenne as strongli as fier, & wole make impressioun in depnes þan fier. Þis poudre wole corrumpe & brenne þe place þat it is leid vpon, & þe same doiþ realgar sublimed, & if þow wolt ouercome þe wickidnes of it, make poudre of it & distempere it wiþ þe iuys of lactuce & plaunteyn til it be in þickenesse of hony, & þan drie it, & þus þou schalt do manye tymes / & in þis maner þou schalt take awei greet malice, & it wole worche neuer þe worse. ¶ Also an oynement ruptorie for to breke fleisch þat is hool & maketh blak & brenneþ it, & wole make it falle awei, & þan þer wole leeue þere vlcus. Manie men vsiþ þis in diuers maner, for to opene an enpostym, & for to do awei superfluite of fleisch. ℞, quik lyme as miche as þou wolt, & resolue it in

strong lie þat is aforseid, and make þerof þe maner of an oynement, & whanne it is maad, al freisch leie it þerto, for þe more freisch þat it is þe bettir it is / In þis maner þou schalt make þe lie / ffille a vessel ful of askis of bene scelis, & þe .iij. part of quik lyme, & poudre hem alle togidere & leie hem in [folio 266a] a vessel & presse hem þat þei bicome fast togidere, & make a put in þe middil aboue, in þe same put caste hoot watir seþing, & þis vessel schal be holowe þat þe lie mowe passe þoruȝ. & vndir þis vessel sette anoþir vessel for to resseyue þe lie. ¶ Also anoþir good ruptorie / ℞, calcis viue, partem vnam, arsenici, partem [one half]., poudre hem & medle hem wiþ sope & hony, & summen doiþ þerto lī .[one half]. of tartre / Also mel anacardi is swiþe strong for to make vlcera. & if it be do to oþere medicyns it worchiþ þe more strongli / In þis maner þou schalt do / whanne þou ne miȝt fynde mel anacardi, þan grinde anacardos greet & leie hem in vinegre adai & anyȝt, & þan boile hem wel, & þan presse out þe licour þerof, & þat, þat goiþ out þerof is a medicyn þat wole make vlcera. / Ouþir take anacardos & seþe hem in hoot tenaclis þat smiþis vsen, & streyne hem, & þer wole distille þerof hony. ¶ Also take þe wombis of cantarides & grinde hem wiþ leueyne & leie hem in what place þou wolt & it wole make vlcera / But herof þou muste be war þat in what place þou settist cantarides þer [folio 266b] wole come greet brennynge of vrine, & sumtyme it makiþ so greet brennyng þat a mannes vrine is stoppid þerwiþ. & þe cure þerof is þis / Seþe malue, paritorie, violet, watircressen in watir, & lete þe patient sitte þeron anoon to þe nauele, & herwiþ þe akyng schal be taken awei, & also he schal make vrine liȝtlich / & herof þou schalt take hede, þat in what place of a mannes bodi þou makist a cauterie, anoon þeraftir þou schalt leie a mitigatif þat schal make þe cruste falle awei þat was brent, & þou ne schalt in no maner take awei þe cruste wiþ violence, but þou schalt leie þerto a mitigatif, & lete þe cruste falle awei liȝtli. ¶ Medicyns þat wolen make þe cruste falle awei, & do awei þe aking, ben þese: ȝelkis of eiren wiþ oile of rosis, þat is þe beste of alle medicyns / Also, take þe leeues & grinde wiþ grese, ouþer wiþ buttir & leie þervpon / Also grese ouþir buttir is good þerfore. ¶ Also pultes maad of mele, oile & watir, ben good þerfore & aceessiþ wel þe akynge & makiþ þe crustis falle. ¶ Also wiþ þe cauterie of an hoot iren þou miȝt [MS. do awei, twice, the second one marked for erasure.] [folio 267a] do awei deed fleisch, ouþir wiþ oon of þe medicyns þat ben forseid. ¶ Also if þou wolt

vse medicyns for to make cauterijs, þou muste take kepe of þis caas / In feble men & in a litil cause þou muste vse feble medicyns, & þou muste be war þat þou brenne no nerue ne no greet veyne ne noon arterie wiþ þi cauterie, ne wiþ þi medicyns þat makiþ cauterijs. ¶ Also in a strong man & in a boistous man, þou miȝt worche at oonys þat þou muste worche at manye tymes in a feble man / ffor in euery medicyns þat a leche doiþ he schal take kepe of the strenkþe & of þe vertu of þe pacient //

Of mollificatif medicyns or softenyng.

We vsiþ þese medicyns þat ben .iiij. in eueri cause. [Lat.: Mollificatiuis vtimur medicinis in quatuor casibus.] Oon cause is þis, whanne þe mater þat þou wolt resolue is swiþe hard, for þan oonli wiþ resolutiuis as it is aforseid þe sotil mater wole resolue, & þat oþir part wole bicome hard, & þan þou muste make mollificatiuis. ¶ The .ij. cause is þis, whanne ony lyme is to-broke ouþir out of þe ioyncte, þouȝ it be broȝt [folio 267b] yn aȝen, þe place wole be hard, & þe patient mai not meue þerwiþ, þan þou muste do [do, above line.] þerto mollificatiuis til þe lyme be bettere as it is aforseid. ¶ The .iij. cause is þis, whanne ony lyme þat haþ ben out of ioynct longe tyme, þan þou muste make þingis forto make þe place moist aȝen, þat þe boon mowe come into his ioynt aȝen. ¶ The .iiij. cause is, whanne a lyme is corrupt & is yuel ioyned, & makiþ al þe lyme foul, as whanne a boon is to-broken & is not ioyned, þan þou muste breke þe boon aȝen, & bringe it into his propre place as it schulde be / In alle þese causis we mote vse medicyns þat ben mollificatiuis, as ben þese: camomille, mellilotum, fenigreci, semen lini, & almaner fatnes, & marowe, & manie gummis, & euery medicyn þat is hoot & moist wole make a lyme mollificatif / A good composicioun for þe firste cause / Take oold oile .iiij. partis, wex partem .j., & make þerof an oynement, and anoynte þerwiþ a lyme þat þou wolt resolue þe mater þat is þeron / ffor it wole make þe mater mollificatif, & make þe poris [folio 268a] open to resolucioun // Anoþer þat is more strong / ℞, radicis malua visci [ounce] .j., & kutte it to smale gobetis, & putte hem in a morter wiþ [ounce] .iiij. of oile of lilie. & þou schalt sett þis vessel of glas in hoot boilyng watir, & þere it schal stonde til þe iuys of þe herbe be consumed. Wiþ þis oile þou schalt anoynte þe place, & leie þervpon lanam succidam id est wolle vnwaischen. & þis

þou schalt wite, þat whanne þou wolt make þese oynementis, first þou shalt make a fomentacioun wiþ hoot watir til þe place bicome reed. & if þe place be swithe hard, þan take a stoon þat is clepid lapis molaris, & make him hoot in þe fier, ouþir a greet gobet of iren, & do it in strong vinegre. & þe place of a mannes lyme þat is hard, holde ouer þe fume þat comeþ out of þe vinegre, & þan anoynte him aftirward / Þis is þe maner for to make a lyme mollificatif, & þer ben .iij. maners. [Lat.: modus autem mollificandi membra in 2o, 3o & 4o casu est unus.] Þe .j. maner is þis: þou schalt make a decoccioun of flouris of camomille, mellilote, fenigrec, semen lini, & rootis of malua visci, soden in water. & þou schalt [folio 268b] make a fomentacioun to þe lyme in þis watir longe tyme, & frote þe lyme softli. & þan anoynte þe lyme wiþ oon of þese oynementis / ℞, auxungie porci antique sine sale [ounce] .iij, pinguedinis anseris, anatis & galline ana [ounce] .j., melte hem alle togidere & cole hem, & do þerto [ounce]. j. of wex. Þis wole make mollificatif, & restore moistnes. & if þou wolt make it for to be good for drienes of a mannes brest, & good for men þat ben etik, do þerto [ounce] .j of clene dragaganti, & þan it wole be a good oynement restoratif. ¶ Anoþir oynement. ℞, adipis porci antique sine sale [ounce] .iiij., fecis olij de semine lini, bdellij ana [ounce] .ij., storacis, calamite, galbani, oppopanacis, armoniaci, ana [ounce] .j. putte þe gummys in wijn for to tempere, & whanne þei ben temperid, putte hem in a morter, & stampe hem wel, melte þe remenaunt, & do hem togidere, & medle hem togidere. ¶ Also an oynement mollificatif & comfortiþ / ℞, auxungie porci [ounce] .iij., pinguedinis anseris, anatis, galline, ana [ounce] .j. olis communis antiqui [ounce] .iiij. farine fenigreci, seminis lini, ana [ounce] .j., bdellij, oppoponacis, masticis, thuris [ounce] .[one half]., tempere þe gummis [folio 269a] in wijn, & þan aftirward medle hem wiþ grese, wex, & oile, & melte hem alle togidere & cole hem. & of þese þingis þat schulen be grounde make poudre þerof, & medle it þerwiþ & kepe it for þin vss. & whanne þou hast maad a stuwe as it is aforseid ouþir a fomentacioun, þan anoynte him bi þe fier, & þis is clepid vnguentum Rasis. & I it haue ofte preued euermore goddis grace goinge tofore wiþout which grace is no þing fulendid ne no sijknes do awei / But eueri good ende & eueri good dede al it comeþ of þe miȝt of god / And þe help of god I bad in þe firste bigynnyng of þe book / ffor of goddis grace I am þat I am, & goddis grace was neuere voide in me / And þe ende of þis book was fulfillid þe noumbre of ȝeeris from goddis beyng .M.CC. nonagesimo sexto. & god of his swete grace ne wernede me not to make

an ende of þis book. & ful ofte I haue bede goddis grace þerto / wherfore god haþ grauntid, & god for his blessid name blesse þis book & alle werkis þat ben wrouȝt in his name / [folio 269b] And god for his miche grace lete hem wel worche þat takiþ þis werk on honde, & bringe errouris out of her herte, & bringe hem & us to a good ende / To þe worschip of his blessid name & profit of his seruauntis, & me to forȝeuenes of my synnes, god it graunte et imperat per omnia secula seculorum AmeN.

Explicit.

Here endiþ þe book of lankfrank. [In red ink, but nearly erased.]