Flint Spokesman [Volume: 2, Issue: 8]

: analysis

~SATURDAY, MAY 10, 1947

4

ee ee
~ 2

- NEW YORK ~ ANP ~ An
of * American Negro
1éadership ~ of the past, present
and. future. was made ~here last
week by Dr. W. E.-B. DuBois
before the New. School of Social
research.

- Not even the slave trade wiped
~out tribal organizations, as may
be seen in the West Indies and
parts of South America where

the chief ruled by selection or
_ hereditary. Negro slaves elected
_ chiefs in ~places as widely sep
tapas

Te

arate as New England and Brazil.~ Dr. DuBois said. Mom Bett,
a. famous ~ ~queen mother~ of his
own family. was a notable figure

_ in western New England.

ROLE OF LEADERS

Mist of these chiefs, or leaders,
allied with the slave masters,
DuBois said. The preacher evolved from the medicine man, he
~explained, as the typical leader of
the black grounv. On one hand he
was the ~mouthpiece and representative of the masters; on the
other; as the leader of a more or
lese revolting group.

~Sometimes by hypocrisy and

~shicanery. he was something of:
~ both,~ Dr. DuBois charged.

at any rate the man who was the
healer and who led in the religious exercises became early the
revresentative of the unitv and
united action of the slaves."~
DESCRIPTION OF LEADERS

He explained the difference be~tween the ~Uncle Tom~ type of
Nepgroteader~and ~the type revresented by Nat Turner. a preacher who led the most effective revolt of slaves against their masters in the United States. Denmark Vesey, who represented the
intelligent conspirator, might
have been the most dangerous
tyne.of Negro leader if his carefully planned slave revolt had
not been betrayed by the ~Uncle Tom~ type of preacher, DuBois said.:

Allen and Jones in Philadelphia and Varick in New York
pave free Negroes in the north a
_ different sort of leadership. As

~ church leaders, they met discrim
ination in two ways. DuBois
said. Allen and Varick ~became

' leaders of a new Negro church

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Dr. DuBois Traces Evolution
Of American Negro Leadership

while Jones become the head of
a segregated group within the
Episcopal church.~

~BACK TO AFRICA

~MOVEMENT

Dr. DuBois traced the back to
Africa movement to the end of
the 18th century when Negroes
despaired of achieving freedom
in the United States and organized Negro uniogs in various parts
of the country for the purpose of
exploring the possibilities of mi
gration.
~They were at first helped by
the Colonization society,~ he

said. ~John Russwurm, the first
Negro college graduate, went to
Liberia. On the other hand, the
Negroes by their own efforts sent
migrants to Africa under the Negro preachers, especially notable
was Lott Carey of Virginia.~

The suspicion that the Colonization society was interested in
fastening ~slavery upon the United States by getting rid of free
Negroes and cared little for the
success of Negro migration~ caused. the back to Africa movement
to become unfavorable. while
~migration to Canada and to the
increased.~ Recommendations of an industrial school and
migration to Canada were made
at national conventions in Philadelvhia in 1830. 1931 and 1833.

A split occurred at Rochester. convention in 1853 over the

i migration question. A vear later.

a carefully-nlanned scheme on
migration was developed, which
sent three emissaries to various
varts of the world. Dr.~ Delanev
headed a partv for Africa~s Nisar Vallev, Whitfield went tn
Central America and:Hollv and
DuRois said.

-AROLITIONIST LEADERS

Out of that migration movement came the leadership for the
abolitionist movement in the
TInited States. proiecting. such
figures as Charles Lennox Redmond. Samuel Ringold Ward and
Frederick Douglas. A few years
later. Harriet Tubman led 300
slaves to freedam bv the way of
the underground railroad.

Fearing the Negro slaves might
he freed without the benefits of
American citizenshin - status
Frederick Douglass ~advocated
the use of Negro soldiers with the

sulterior aim of making their helo

so gteat that as a reward the Neero would beccme not simnlv
froe but an American citizen.~
DuRnis svointed out. His scheme
might have worked bevond 1872
hut. for the ~economic. alliance
of the new industrial north and

the low plane furnished by slavery, was denied the free Negro,
and he was deprived of the free
use of the land and of all tools
and capital,~ DuBois said.
AFTER RECONSTRUCTION.

Following the reconstruction
period, Negro leaders hammered on integration as a means of
providing opportunities for the
former slaves. Booker T. Washington was one of them, DuMois
said, but his program was planned, not by himself or by Negroes, but by the ~new and powerful industrial organization of
the north in conjunction with
British colonial imperialism.~~
Men like Richard Greener, a
Harvard graduate, backed the
idea of Negro settlement in the
west, but were opposed by Douglas who contended that the
future of the Negro was in the
south and there he ought to stay
and fight it out.~

DuBois praised Washingon~s
achievements, but said his leadership showed limitations ~both
of education and experience.~
Emphasis on -character providéd
him with no ~knowledge of the
intricate ~world industrial orgarization which conditioned the
plight of his people and made
them puppets of industrial monovolv and. colonial imperialism.~

Washington~s <Atanta speech
which followed on the heels of
Kitchner~s overthrow of the Mahdi and the Sudian snd the consequent clinching of British cape
to Cairo, was not accidental. he
said. The course of modern history might have been changed
if two black rulers of Afriea had
backed the French revublic. But
a ~wedge of South African gold.
diamonds and copver was driven
between.them, and the integration and monovolv of industry

-|in America leaned forward to

take every advantage of this new
imnerialism.~
NEGRO VS. WHITE WORKERS
The south~s answer to a threatening labor movement was to
throw Negro workers into competition against white workers, as
a means of building a new industrial south out ~of a half disfranchised working class.~~ Opposition to that scheme came from
the Niagara movement, headed
by Monroe Trotter, George Forbes and 17 founders of the movement.
movement were not clearly conscious of world industrial movements, ~but demanded ~~light,
more light,~ through the educa
{tion of a ~talented tenth~ of Ne
groes who would know = and, Study conditions and would lead.

That lead to a union with liberal and socialist white elements
and to the formation of: the

NAACP, which was followed by
the nationalistic appeal to ~race
pride.~ But new Negro leaders

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Leaders of the Niagara| -

cH HIGNO::

In Liberia

By GLADYS P. GRAHAM

NEW YORK. ~ (ANP) ~ Mrs
Bertha Corbin has rendered 23
years of valuable service to -Liberia and other parts of West
Africa since she and her husband William Corbin went there
in 1924 through the National
Baptist convention. A native of
Richmond, Mrs: Corbin is serving on the Liberian committee
with the National YWCA Reconstruction Fund drive which has

allotted $30,000 for services in.

Monrovia and other areas where
Y facilities are needed. bf

Forceful, dynamic and _ thoroughly imbued with the work in

Liberia and the need for a great
er service, Mrs. Corbin told this
reporter she was proud to say
she was an American born woman. She said she recently came
to this country to attend the
general convention of the Protestant Episcopal church in Philadelphia and that she had been
quite busy. on a lecture tour in
addition to her work with the Y
Reeonstruction fund.

~What we need in Liberia in

~addition to the few leaders we

have in communities. The missionaries cannot redeem Africa.
We need just plenty of common
everyday folk to settle among
the people and the farmers
should not be leit out. I have
become more aware of the necessity of the American Negro
looking more toward Africa and
feeling it is a part of his heritage and responsibility to see
that every modern facility is
gotten to those who are working day and night to eradicate
the illiteracy. Africa is no worse
than any place else but there~s
much less done about it.~

The Virginia woman, who is
now working as a Red Cross
field representative in Kakata
and who was formerly a member of the staff of the Booker T.
Washington school there, stated
that Col. John West, formerly
of the Harlem Health center,
was doing an excellent job in
improving health conditions and
that the health of the people had
improved 100%.

It was further pointed out that

i

appeared as writers, artists, ~business men and politicians, guided

~by a program buift ~fon a past

for a broader future, obliterating
physical race differences but integrating all into~ new Negro

culture.~ }

Under such a cultural leadership, the appreciation of Negro
shistory in the United States is
accented, meanwhile uniting the:
finest modern ideals of Gandhi,
of India.

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MOBILE, Ala.
Groundwork on a sli bie gen
jeral hospita] for Negroes was be
gun here early last week.

The institution, a project of
the Mobile Catholic diosése, will
be knows? as the Blessed: Martin
de Porres hospital for Negroes,
and will serve as ~a ~training
school for: Negro nurses throughout the south. In addition, it will
absorb one of the south~s first
~Negro maternity homes which
the diocese established here r more
than five years ago.

Groundbreaking ceremonies
featured Msgr. Fulton J. Sheen,
nationally known Catholic speaker and a parade, in which state,
city and county officials took
part along with bands and white
and Negro organizations.

The conversion of the present
maternity hospital into a general hospital.was termed ~by Bishop
T. J.-Toolen as a ~~step toward
relieving one of the greatest
needs for improvement of health
conditions among Negroes of the
south.~ Sister Hildegard, superintendent: of the maternity home,
said nurse training would be one
of the major objectives of the

~|new program.

The hospital, located in the
southern section of the city, will
be operated by the: Sisters of
Mercy. It will have beds for 70
| patients, modern operating rooms
~clinics,, X-ray equipment and
laboratories.

Dangerous Surfaces
Sixty-five per cent of all traffic
accidents in snow-belt states during
last winter occurred on snow and
icy road surfaces.

another Richmond girl had made
good in the person of Lt. Alma
M. Jackson, the first Negro woman~ to serve as:..Uhited States
Public Health commissioner to
Liberia. Lt. Jackson has gone
ahead with the literature and
paved the way for others to
come, There: 4ad been instituted
also ~what wé@s called the ~malaria. prevention systém.~ Here
the ditches were dug eight feet
order to ~drain the

swamps: a

~We ae. still bothered by an
increase 4h tuberculosis which is
due to our: ~piluvial mining in
which~ the men stand in water
to wash the gold and don~t take
care of themselves, The Red
Cross is making a desperate effort to establish a hospital in
Liberia to isolate these T. RB.
cases and some headway has
been made, said the interviewee.

Regarding the rights of women
in Liberia, Mrs. Corbin said she
was in the senate in 1946 when
the women received their franchise to vote. It was emphasjzed
that they had already formed
themselves into a club and were
realizing fast the power of the

BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA,

WORK BEGUN ON NEW NEGRO HOSPITAL ~

LOS ANGELES.~(ANP)~The
__|53rd annual convention of the
National Medical association will

22, according to an announcement made here last week by
Dr. H. A. McPherson, general
chairman of the convention.

Dr. McPherson announced that
plans are almost complete for
~what promises to be one of the
most interesting conventions~ in
the association~s history. Ample
provisions have been made to
house and entertain doctors attending the meeting, and special
cars will be reserved to bring
delegates from the east, midwest and southwest.

Four full days of clinics, lectures, operations, moving pictures and round table discus
convene in Los Angeles Aug. 18-|

sions have been promised by Dr.
Howard Payne, director of the

Doctors~ Association Slated
For Los Angeles In August

Tuberculosis hospital, Howard
university, and chairman of the
scientific assembly.

Officers of the association include Drs. W. A. Younge, St.
Louis, president; J. A. C. Lattimore, Louisville, president-elect;

~| J. T. Givens, Norfolk, secretary;

E. T. Taylor, St. Louis, treasurer; A. C. Terrence, director of
publicity; J. R. Nurse, Louisville, director of exhibits; D. M.
Miller, Kansas City, Mo., speaker of the house of delegates.
-Chairman of the various sections are Drs. C. Herbert Marshall, board of trustees; J. B.
Johnson, medical; C. R. Drew,
surgical, all of Washington; W.
D. Mormen, St. Louis, ear, eye,
nose, throat; E. Mae McCarroll,
Newark, public health; and H.
A. Parris, Rich Square, N. C.,
physical medicine.

HARRISBURG, Pa. ~ ANP~
A bill, introduced in the Pennsylvania House of representatives
here recently, designed to outlaw
the usage of racial or color tags
in crime news reporting, will in

- | classified for salary purposes un
all probability be defeated be.
[enue of the severity of its provisions. At any rate, newspapers

ing together to oppose passage of
the measure which they view as
~striking a heavy. blow. at the
freedom of the press.~

The measure, known as House
Bill No. 872, was introduced by
Reps. Lewis M. Mintess and Edwin F. Thompson It provides a
penalty of $500 for any newspaper, periodical, publisher, editor
or reported participating in any
publication which would ~~describe or identify the site of the
commission or alleged commission of any crime by reference
to the race, olor, religion or national origin of the. owner, pro.
prietor or occupant thereof, or
the distriat or locality of the
orime.~

Heading he opposition to {he
measure is the Pennsylvanie
Newspaper Publishers association, which asks its d@feat on the
grounds that it would be almost
impossible for a newspaper to
print the news of the day if such
a bill were enacted. The asseciation holds, along with other observers, that the sponsors of the

throughout the state are band-| em

No Racial Tags In Crime News
Too Severe, Pennsylvania Papers Say

bill had the ~right idea but made
the bill too broad, and hence, two
drastic.~

In a legislative pulletin which
PNPA has circulated throughout
the state, they point out that the
law would prohibit publication

-of such specimen news items as

~~Arabs Break Into Turkish. Har-,~ ~Murder Committed in.German Embassy,~ ~Italian Consulate Looted by Vandals,~ ~Negro Editor Shot in Office of Harlem News,~ ~Six Hatchet Slay
~ings in Japanese Restaurant,~

~Orphan Shot During Argument
in Jewish Home for Crippled
Children,~ ~Aged Man Fleeced
in Russian Development Buildings,~ and ~Weapons Stolen from
Irish Immigrant. Building.~
~The Bible is full of references
to the sites where crimes. were
committed and where the race. or
religion of the proprietor or occupant was described, * the bulletin points out. ~Therefore, under
this bill, no... passage..from the
Bible ok any, other work containing ch refererices ~could
be. quoted in any newspaper or
n@riodical- without -Figking the
penalties ~provided ih this bill.~
In addition, sucha law would
forbid newspapers to deicribe a
fugitive suspected -of ~ having
committed a crime, it was ~shown.
~It is common practice to give
detailed description of such a fu
gitive,~ the bulletin added.

WASHINGTON ~ ANP ~Rep.
Hofan, Republican of Washington, introduced a bill last week
to place the office of the recorder of deeds under the district
commissioners.

The measure, which was immediately referred to the house
district committee, would place
the entire recorder's office under
the jurisdiction of the city heads.

The recorder and all his employes would be subject to appointment and removal by the
commissioners. All positions, including the job of recorder, now
held by the Rev. Marshall Shep- 4
pard of Philadelphia, would be

der the District Classification act

+ ~

te ST ER TPT TRS aR Le,

Bill Introduced For District
To Run Sheppard~s Office

Mr. Horan, who is chairman of
the house appropriations district
sub-committee, in a statement at
the conclusion of the inquiry last
month whidh fellowed the investigation into alleged irregularities in the new independent organization, cleared Dr. Sheppard
and his employes of any wrongdoing, but expressed dissatisfaction with the organization of the
office.

The bill, which would take the
appointment out of the hands of

the President, is not being met|~
favorably by Negroes, as it is

feared that the office, which has
deeds to the late Dr. William
will eventually fall into the
hands of whites.

Frederick D. Weaver, who was

Dr. Nelson
Heads Quaker
Team In India

PHILADELPHIA -~ ANP ~
Dr, William Stuart Nelson on
sabbatical leave from Howard
university where he is dean of
the school of religion, has been
appointed head of the Quaker
team in India, the American
Friends Service committee announces.

There are 27 Qiehes woekeve
nine British and two Indian, The

to three main classes: _ medical
work, relief, and rehabilitation,

American and British Friends
work in India
Friends Service unit. American
workers are sponsored by the
American Fiends Service Committee in Philadelphia, and Bitish members are sponsored hy
the Friends Service council, London.

Dr. Nelson, who was appoint
leader of the group, is responsible for the general direction of

the unit and the Indian govern
prets the purpose of the unit to
the Indian people, and carries on
all a with home
eommittees,.- 3

The - piabent- Gani program
in India was started during the

~Bengal famine of - 1944.45, -when

milk and food were distributed
to thousands of Indian mothers
and childrén.' Althcugh the emphasis of the program_has changed from relief to rehabilitation.
more than ~ $2,500.00 ~ ~worth, of
milk and cereal were brought to

mittee for distribution in India
during, 1946 under Quaker supervision. Funds for supplies were
frnished by the Indian govern
ment. Lee

Following recent * - Hindu<Mos
disttibuted food and clothing t~
somé: villagers.

ciliary midwifery training. course,
~which was: developed by: twe
Quaker. workers and which has
now been accepted by the Bengal
Nursing Council and the Government of Bengal. Other medical
work is carried on in connection
with general village, reeonstruc
Dr. Nelson afd his wife, Blanche Wright Nelson, left the United States last September on their
way to India. They spent some
time in England before proceed
Calcutta.

onee first deputy recorder of
deeds to the ate Dr; William

sor, is in favor of the measure.

Weaver was ousted from his
position sometime ago, and hag
since been
Thornton of St. Louis. ~

ae;:
i

F

jn India. Sixteen are American, ~

Quaker projects in India fall in- ~

through the

ed ty his fellow unit members as ~

ment and other agencies, inter
this country by the Service: Com- _

Méilical: ~work ~ineledes a domi.

ing to Quaker headquarters: in
Thompkins, Sheppard~s precedes.

replaced by Oliver.

rot

policy, serves as liaison between ~

lem tiots, Quaker workers have: