A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

630 QUADRATUTS. QUADRATUS.
daspes. The drama was ill ridicule of Harpalus two. Valesius, and others (including Tillemont)
and the Athenians. It is twice mentioned by after him, contend for the existence of two Quadrati,
-Athenaeus, who has preserved nearly twenty lines one the disciple of the Apostles and the Apologist,
of it. (Ath. xiii. p. 586, d., p. 595, e. f., p. 596, a.) the other, bishop of Athens and contemporary with
In the second of these passages, Athenaeus men- Dionysius of Corinth [DIONYSIUS, literary, No. 22],
tions the poet as either of Catana or of Byzantium; who was of somewhat later date than the Apologist.
and it seems very doubtful whether he was con- But Jerome, among the ancients, and Cave, Grabe,
founded with the Byzantine rhetorician of the Le Clerc, and Fabricius, among the moderns, refer
same name, who makes some figure in the history the different notices, and we think correctly, to
of Philip and Alexander, or whether he was really one person.
the same person. Some writers ascribed the drama Quadratus is said by Eusebius (Ciron.. c.),
to Alexander, but no doubt erroneously. Respect- Jerome (De Viris Illustr. c. 19, and Ad Alfaying the meaning of the title of the play,'Ayv, n2ase, c. 4, Epistol. 84, edit. vet., 83, ed. Beuethere are various conjectures, all of them very dictin., 70, ed. Vallars.), and Orosius (lIist. vii.
uncertain. (Casaub. dePoes. Sat. Graec. pp. 150, 13), to have been a hearer or disciple " of the
151, with Rambach's Note; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. Apostles," an expression which Cave would limit
vol. ii. pp. 319, 320; Wagner, F. G., Poetarzint by referring the term " Apostles" to the Apostle
Trig. Graec. Fragyienta, pp. 1 34 —136, in Didot's John alone, or by understanding it of men of the
Bibl. Script. Graec. Paris, 1846.) apostolic age, who had been familiar with the
2. Of Aenus, in Thrace, a Peripatetic philo- Apostles. But we see no reason for so limiting or
sopher, who, with his brother Heracleides, put to explaining the term. Quadratus himself, in his
death the tyrant Cotys. [CoTys, HERACLEIDES.] Apology (apud Euseb. H. E. iv. 3), speaks of those
3. A Peripatetic philosopher, mentioned in the who had been cured or raised from the dead by
will of Lycon. (Diog. Laret. v. 70.) [P. S.] Jesus Christ, as having lived to his own days (Els
PYTHON, artist. This name occurs twice on roeSs i7eEpovIPs Xpovovs, " ad tempora nostra"),
painted vases; in the first instance, on a cylix- thus carrying back his own recollections to the
shaped vase, of the best style of the art, found at apostolic age. And as Eusebius, in a passage in
Vulci, with the inscription V ~ON EPOIE5EN, which he ascribes to him the gift of prophecy, seems
and with the name of Epictetus as the painter; to connect him with the daughters of the Apostle
in the other case, on a Lucanian vase, of the Philip, we may rather suppose him to have been a
period of the decline of the art, with the inscription disciple of that Apostle than of John. Cave conlT~IZN ErPA4bE. On comparing these vases, jectures that he was an Athenian by birth; but
and the inscriptions on them, although there are the manner in which an anonymous writer cited by
examples of the same person being both a maker Eusebius (H. E. v. 17) mentions him, in connecand painter of vases, it can hardly be doubted that, tion with Ammias of Philadelphia and with the
in this case, the artists were two different persons, daughters of Philip, would lead us to place him in
at different periods, and probably living in dif- early life in the central districts of Asia Minor.
ferent parts of Italy. (R. Rochette, Lettrce a M. He afterwards (assuming that Eusebius speaks of
Schorn, pp. 58, 59, 2d ed.) [P. S.] one Quadratus, not two) became bishop of the Church
PYTHONI'CUS (roOVmrmeos), of Athens, a at Athens, but at what time we have no means of
writer mentioned by Athenaeus (v. p. 220, f.) ascertaining. We learn that he succeeded the
among those who wrote systematically on allure- martyr Publius; but, as the time of Publius' marments to love. [W. M. G.] tyrdom is unknown, that circumstance throws no
light on the chronology of his life. Quadratus presented his Apology to Hadrian, in the tenth year of
Q. his reign (A. D. 126), according to the CIhronicon of
Eusebius, but we know not whether lie had yet
QUADRATILLA, UMMI'DIA, a wealthy attained the episcopate. As Eusebius does not
Roman lady, who died in the reign of Trajan give him in this place the title of bishop, the prowithin a little of eighty years of age, leaving two- bable inference is that he had not; but, as the
thirds (ex besse) of her fortune to her grandson and passage seems to intimate that he and the Athethe other third to her granddaughter (Plin. Ep. vii. nian Aristeides presented their respective Apologies
24). Her grandson was an intimate friend of simultaneously, it is likely that Quadratus was
Pliny. [QuADRATVS, No. 2.] Quadratilla was already connected with the Athenian Church. The
probably a sister of Ummidius Quadratus, the go- Menaea of the Greeks (a. d. Sept. 21) commemovernor of Syria, who died in A. D. 60, and appears rate the martyrdom under the emperor Hadrian of
to be the same as the Quadratilla mentioned inl the the "ancient and learned" Quadratus, who had
following inscription, discovered at Casinum in preached the gospel at Magnesia and Athens, and
Campania: — Urmidia C. F. Quadratilla amzphi- being driven away from his flock at Athens, obteatrzmn et temnplumn Casinatibus sua pecunzia fecit. tained at length the martyr's crown; and the life(Orelli, Inscr. No. 781.) It seems that the nzoloyium of the emperor Basil commemorates (a. d.
Ummidii came originally from Casinum. [Umu- 21 Sept.) the martyrdom of a Quadratus, bishop of
MIDIA GENS.] Magnesia, in the persecution under Decius. That
QUADRA'TUS (Koeparos, Euseb. HI. E., Syn- our Quadratus was a martyr is, we think, from the
cellus, and the Greek Menaea; or Kovapa~ros, silence of Eusebius and Jerome to such a circumEuseb. Cliron. p. 211, ed. Scaliger, 1658), one of stance, very questionable; and that he was marthe Apostolic Fathers and an early apologist for tyred under Hadrian, is inconsistent with the statethe Christian religion. The name of Quadratus ment of those writers (Euseb. Clhron.; Hieronym.
occurs repeatedly in Eusebius (Hi. E. iii. 37, iv. 3, Ad Jh1agnuzm, c. 4), that the Apologies of Quadra23, v. 17, Chron. lib. ii.), but it is questioned tus and Aristeides led that emperor to put a stop to
whether that father speaks of one person or of the persecution. We think it not an improbable