A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HERACLEIDES. HERACLEIDES. 3989
12. A native of Tarentum, and one of the chief throne (B. c. 162), Heracleides was driven into
counlsellors of Philip V. king of Macedonia. He exile by the new sovereign. In order to revenue
is said to have been by profession an architect, and himself, he gave his support to, if he did not origihaving in this capacity been entrusted with some nate, the imposture of Alexander Balas, who set
repairs of the walls of Tarentum (at that time in up a claim to the throne of Syria, pretending to be
the hands of Hannibal), he was accused of intend- a son of Antiochus Epiphanes. Heracleides re
ing to betray the city to the Romans. In con- paired, together with the pretender and Laodice,
sequence of this charge he fled from Tarentum, and daughter of Antiochus, to Rome, where, by the
took refuge in the Roman camp, but was soon lavish distribution of his great wealth, and the insispected of having opened secret negotiations with fluence of his popular manners and address, he
I-lannibal and the Carthaginian garrison. After this succeeded in obtaining an ambiguous promise of
double treachery he thoughtit prudent to quit Italy, support from the Roman senate. Of this he imme,
and repaired to the court of Philip, where, by his diately availed himself to raise a force of mercenary
ability and cunning, he made himself at first useful troops for the invasion of Syria, and effected a
to the king as a convenient tool for carrying into landing, together with Alexander, at Ephesus.
execution the most nefarious schemes, and ulti- (Appian, Syr. 47; Polyb. xxxiii. 14, 16.) What
mately rose to a high place in his favour and con- became of him after this we know not, as his name
fidence. He is said to have especially gained these is not mentioned during the struggle that ensued
by the address with which, pretending to have between Alexander and Demetrius, nor after the
been ill-used and driven into banishment by Philip, elevation of the former to the throne of Syria..
he ingratiated himself with the Rhodians, and 16. Of Maronea, a Greek who had attached
succeeded in setting fire to their arsenal, and burn- himself to the service of the Thracian chief Seuthes
ilng great part of their fleet. It is not difficult to and was residing with him at the time that Xenobelieve that a man who had risen to power by phon and the remains of the Ten Thousand arrived
such arts as these should have abused it when at- in Thrace after their memorable retreat, n. c. 300.
tained: and we are told that he made use of his Heracleides was entrusted with the charge of disinfluence with the king to get rid of all those that posing of the booty that had been acquired by the
were opposed to his views, and even induced him Greeks and Thracians in common, but kept back
to put to death five of the leading members of his for his own use a considerable part of the money
council of state at once. But by these and other produced by the sale of it. This fraudulent consuch measures he rendered Philip so obnoxious to duct, together with the calumnious insinuations
his subjects, that the king at length found himself which he directed against Xenophon, when the
obliged to yield to the popular clamour, displaced latter urged with vigour the just claims of his
Heracleides, whom he had not long before em- troops, became the chief cause of the dissensions
ployed in the command of his fleet, and threw him that arose between. Seuthes and his Greek merce+
into prison, B.c. 199. Whether he was sub- naries, (Xen. Anab. vii. 3, 4, 5, 6.)
sequently put to death we are not informed. (Po- 17. Of Aenus in Thrace, joined with his brother
lyb. xiii. 4, 5; Diod. Eec. Vales. xxviii. pp. 572, Python in the assassination of Cotys, king of
573; Polyaen. v. 17. ~ 2; Liv. xxxi, 16, 33, Thrace, B. c. 358, for which piece of good service,
xxxii. 5.) though prompted:by private revenge, they were
13. Of Gyrton in Thessaly, commanded the rewarded by the Athenians with the right of
Thessalian cavalry in the army of Philip at the citizenship, and with crowns of gold. (Dem. o.
battle of Cynoscephalae. (Polyb. xviii. 5.) dristocr. p. 659, ed. Reiske; Arist. Pol. v. 10.)
14. Of'Byzantium, was sent as ambassador by According to Plutarch (adv. Coloten. 32), they had
Antiochus the Great to the two Scipios immediately both been disciples of Plato..[E. H. B.]
after they had crossed the Hellespont, B. c. 190. HERACLEIDES ('Hpa eLAsS?7s). 1. Of Cumae,
He was instructed to offer, in the king's name, the the author of a history of Persia (IleprnKd), a porcession of Lampsacus, Smyrna, and some other tion of which bore the special title of rapaaoKevacities of Ionia and Aeolia, and the payment of orcK'd, and, to.judge from. the quotations from it,
half the expenses of the war; but these offers were contained an account of the mode of life of the
sternly rejected by the Romans: and Heracleides, kings of Persia. (Athen. iv. p. 145, xii. p. 117;
having in vain sought to gain over Scipio Africanus comp. ii. p. 48.) According to Diogenes Laertius
by a private negotiation, returned to Antiochus to (v. 94), the Persica consisted of five books.
report the failure of his mission. (Polyb. xxi. 10 2. An historian who, according to Suidas, was a
-12; Liv. xxxvii. 34-36; Diod, xxix. Exc. native of Oxyrhinchis in Egypt, while Diogenes
Leg. p. 620; Appian, Ssr. 29.) Laertius (v. 94) calls him a Callatian, or Alexan15. One of the three ambassadors sent by Anti- drian. He lived in the. reign of Ptolemy Philoochus Epiphanes to Rome to support his claims on pator, and wrote a great work, entitled 0-~ropiat, of
Coele-Syria against Ptolemy Philometor, and de- which the thirty-seventh book is quoted (Athen.
fend his conductin waging war upon him, B. c. iii. p. 98, xiii. p. 578); another, under the title
169. The same three ambassadors seem to have &a~oxu, in six books (Diog. Laert. l.c.), which
been' sent again after Antiochus had been inter- was probably of the same kind, if not identical
rupted in his career of conquest by the mission of with his srsToJln) rcv corT[Ivos SaSoXcv. (Diog.
Popillius, and compelled to raise the siege of Alex- Laert. v. 79.) He further made an abridgement-of
andria. (Polyb. xxvii. -17, xxviii. 1,18.) It is the biographical work of Satyrus (Diog. Lagrt. viii.
not improbable that this Heracleides is the same 40, ix. 25), and wrote a work called Aeg~wuVLcsdwho is spoken of by Appian (Syr. 45) as one of Xdyos, from which he received the nickname of d
the favourites of Antiochus Epiphanes, by whom AltacGos. (Diog. Laiirt. v. 94; Phot. Bibl. Cod.-213.)
lie was appointed to superintend the finances of his He is often called, after his father, Heracleides, the
whole kingdom. After the death of Antiochus, son of Sarapion, and, under this name, Suidas atanld the establishment of Demetrius Soter upon the tributes to him also philosophical works. It is not
cc 3