A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

220 ANYTUS.
Anyte's epigrams (15, Jacobs) is an inscription for
a monument erected by a certain Damis over his
horse, which had been killed in battle. Now, the
only historical personage of this name is the Damis
who was made leader of the Messenians after the
death of Aristodemus, towards the close of the first
Messenian war. (Paus. iv. 10. ~ 4, 13. ~ 3.) We
know also from Pausanias that the Arcadians were
the allies of the Messenians in that war. The
conjecture of Reiske, therefore, that the Damis
mentioned by Anyte of Tegea is the same as the
leader of the Messenians, scarcely deserves the
contempt with which it is treated by Jacobs. This
conjecture places Anyte about 723 B. c. This date
may be thought too high to suit the style and subjects of some of her epigrams. But one of these
(17) bears the name of " Anyte of Mytilene," and
the same epigram may be fixed, by internal evidence, at 279. c. (Jacobs, xiii. p. 853.) And
since it is very common in the Anthology for epigrams to be ascribed to an author simply by name,
without a distinctive title, even when there was
more than one epigrammatist of the same name,
there is nothing to prevent the epigrams which
bear traces of a later date being referred to Anyte
of Mytilene. [P. S.]
A'NYTUS ("Avvros), a Titan who was believed to have brought up the goddess Despoena.
In an Arcadian temple his statue stood by the side
of Despoena's. (Paus. viii. 37. ~ 3.) [L. S.]
A'NYTUS ('Averos), an Athenian, son of
Anthemion, was the most influential and formidable of the accusers of Socrates. (Plat. Apol. p.
18, b.; Hor. Sat. ii. 4. 3.) His father is said to
have made a large fortune as a tanner, and to have
transmitted it, together with his trade, to his son.
(Plat. Mlien. p. 90, a.; Xen. Apol. ~ 29; Schol. ad
JPlat. Apol. 1. c.) Anytus seems to have been a
man of loose principles and habits, and Plutarch
alludes (Ale. p. 193, d, e.; Amat. p. 762, c, d.) to
his intimate and apparently disreputable connexion
with Alcibiades. In B. c. 409, he was sent with
30 ships to relieve Pylos, which the Lacedaemonians were besieging; but he was prevented by
bad weather from doubling Malea, and was obliged
to return to Athens. Here he was brought to trial
on the charge of having acted treacherously, and,
according to Diodorus and Plutarch, who mention
this as the first instance of such corruption at
Athens, escaped death only by bribing the judges.
(Xen. Hell. i. 2. ~ 18; Diod. xiii. 64; Plut. Cor.
p. 220, b.; Aristot. ap. Harpocr. s. v. AEsciawov.
But see Thirlwall's Greece, vol. iv. p. 94.) He
appears to have been, in politics, a leading and influential man, to have attached himself to the
democratic party, and to have been driven into
banishment during the usurpation of the 30 tyrants,
B. c. 404. Xenophon makes Theramenes join his
name with that of Thrasybulus; and Lysias mentions him as a leader of the exiles at Phyle, and
records an instance of his prudence and moderation
in that capacity. (Plat. Men. p. 90; Apol. p.
23, e.; Xen. Apol. ~ 29; Hell. ii. 3. ~~ 42, 44;
Lys. c. Agor. p. 137.) The grounds of his enmity
to Socrates seem to have been partly professional
and partly personal. (Plat. Apol. pp. 21--23;
Xen. Maem. i. 2. ~~ 37, 38; Apol. ~ 29; Plat.
Men. p. 94, in fin.) The Athenians, according to
Diogenes LaSrtius (ii. 43), having repented of
their condemnation of Socrates, put Meletus to
death, and sent Anytus and Lycon into banish

APELLAS.
ment. For the subject generally, see Stallbaum
ad Plat. Apol. pp. 18, b., 23, e.; Schleiermach.
Introd. to the Menone in fin.; Thirlwall's Greece,
vol. iv. pp. 274-280. [E. E.]
AOEDE. [MUSAE.]
AON ('Acw), a son of Poseidon, and an ancient
Boeotian hero, from whom the Boeotian Aonians
and the country of Boeotia (for Boeotia was anciently called Aonia) were believed to have derived
their names. (Paus. ix. 5. ~ 1; Stat. Theb. i. 34;
Steph. Byz. s.v. Botwrfa.) [L. S.]
A'PAMA ('Arrd a or 'Arrani). 1. The wife
of Seleucus Nicator and the mother of Antiochus
Soter, was married to Seleucus in B. C. 325, when
Alexander gave to his generals Asiatic wives.
According to Arrian (vii. 4), she was the daughter
of Spitamenes, the Bactrian, but Strabo (xii. p.
578) calls her, ersoneously, the daughter of Artabazus. (Comp. Appian. Syr. 57; and Liv. xxxviii.
13, who also makes a mistake in calling her the
sister, instead of the wife, of Seleucus; Steph. Byz.
s. v. 'AwrarEla.)
2. The daughter of Antiochus Soter, married to
Magas. (Paus. i. 7. ~ 3.)
3. The daughter of Alexander of Megalopolis.
married to Amynander, king of the Athamanes.
about B. c. 208. (Appian, Syr. 13; Liv. xxxv.
47, who calls her Apamia.)
APANCHO'MENE ('ArrayXeo&EY), the strangled (goddess), a surname of Artemis, the origin o:
which is thus related by Pausanias. (viii. 23. ~ 5."
In the neighbourhood of the town of Caphyae ir
Arcadia, in a place called Condylea, there was i
sacred grove of Artemis Condyleatis. On one oc
casion when some boys were playing in this grove
they put a string round the goddess' statue, anr
said in their jokes they would strangle Artemis
Some of the inhabitants of Caphyae who found th<
boys thus engaged in their sport, stoned them t(
death. After this occurrence, all the women o
Caphyae had premature births, and all the childrer
were brought dead into the world. This calamit,
did not cease until the boys were honourably bu
ried, and an annual sacrifice to their manes wa
instituted in accordance with the command of a:
oracle of Apollo. The surname of Condyleatis wa
then changed into Apanchomene. [L. S.]
APATU'RIA ('CArarovpga or 'Avrdronipoy), the
is, the deceitful. 1. A surname of Athena, whic
was given to her by Aethra. (Paus. ii. 33. ~ 1.
[AETHRA.]
2. A surname of Aphrodite at Phanagoria an
other places in the Taurian Chersonesus, where
originated, according to tradition, in this way
Aphrodite was attacked by giants, and called H1
racles to her assistance. He concealed himse
with her in a cavern, and as the giants approache
her one by one, she surrendered them to Herach
to kill them. (Strab. xi. p. 495; Steph, Byz. s.
'A-rdrovpov.) [L. S.]
APATU'RIUS, of Alabanda, a scene-painte
whose mode of painting the scene of the litt
theatre at Tralles is described by Vitruvius, wil
the criticism made upon it by Licinius. (Vitru
vii. 5. ~~ 5, 6.) [P. S.]
APELLAS or APOLLAS ('AMrE,as, 'Awo,
A-s). 1. The author of a work flepI rv
IneXoroovfry e rdoAe&jv (Athen. ix. p. 369, a.) ai
AeM Icd. (Clem. Alex. Protr. p. 31, a., Par
1629.) He appears to be the same as Apelh
the geographer, of Cyrene. (Mare. Heracl. p. 6