A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

190 ANTIMACHUS.
very possibly be the same person (Marc. Empir.
De Medican. c. 8. pp. 266, 267, 274); and Lucian
mentions an impudent quack named Antigonus,
who among other things said, that one of his patients had been restored to life after having been
buried for twenty days. (Luc. Philopseudes, ~~ 21,
25, 26. vol. iii. ed. Tauchn.) [W.A. G.]
ANTI'LEON ('AveiLXEov), a Greek author who
wrote a work on chronology (Inepl Xpevwv), the
second book of which is referred to by Diogenes
Laertius. (iii. 3.) Whether he is the same person as the Antileon mentioned by Pollux (ii. 4,
151) is uncertain. [L. S.]
ANTPLOCHUS ('AvriAoXos), a son of Nestor,
king of Pylos, by Anaxibia (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 9),
or according to the Odyssey (iii. 451), by Enrydice. Hyginus (Fab. 252) states, that as an
infant he was exposed on mount Ida, and suckled
by a dog. lHe is mentioned among the suitors of
Helen. (Apollod. iii. 10. ~ 8.) According to the
Homeric account, he accompanied his father to
Troy, but Nestor being advised by an oracle to
guard his son against an Ethiopian, gave him
Chalion as his constant attendant. (Eustath. ad
Hosn. p. 1697.) Antilochus appears in the Homseric poems as one of the youngest, handsomest,
and bravest among the Greeks, and is beloved by
Achilles. (Od. iii. 112; II. xxiii. 556, 607, xviii.
16.) He fell at Troy by the hands of Memnon,
the Ethiopian. (Od. iv. 186, &c., xi. 522; Pind.
Pytll. vi. 32, &c.) Hyginus, in one passage (Fab.
112) states that he was slain by Memnon, and in
another (Fab. 113) he makes Hector his conqueror.
The remains of Antilochus were buried by the
side of those of his friends Achilles and Patroclus
(Od. xxiv. 78), and in Hades or the island of Leuce
he likewise accompanied his friends. (Odc. xxiv.
16; Paus. iii. 19. ~ 11.) Philostratus (Her. iii. 2)
gives a different account of him. When Nestor
went to Troy, his son was yet too young to accompany him; but in the course of the war he
came to Troy and applied to Achilles to soothe the
anger of his father at his unexpected arrival.
Achilles was delighted with the beauty and the
warlike spirit of the youth, and Nestor too was
proud of his son, and took him to Agamemnon.
According to Philostratus, Antilochus was not slain
by the Ethiopian Memnon, but by a Trojan of
that name. Achilles not only avenged his death
on Memnon, but celebrated splendid funeral games,
and burnt the head and armour of Memnon on the
funeral pyre. (Comp. Bockh, ad Pind. p. 299.)
Antilochus was painted by Polygnotus in the Lesche
of Delphi. (Paus. x. 30. ~ 1; Philostr. Icon. ii.
7.) [L. S.]
ANTI'LOCHUS ('AvrTAoXos), a Greek historian, who wrote an account of the Greek philosophers from the time of Pythagoras to the death of
Epicurus, whose system he himself adopted. (Clem.
Alex. Strom. i. p. 133.) He seems to be the same
as the Antilogus mentioned by Dionysius of Halicarnassus. (De Comnp. Verb. 4; comp. Anonym.
Descripvt. Olymp. xlix.) Theodoret (Therap. viii.
p. 908) quotes an Antilochus as his authority for
placing the tomb of Cecrops on the acropolis of
Athens, but as Clemens of Alexandria (Protrept.
p. 13) and Arnobius (adv. Gent. vi. 6) refer for
the same fact to a writer of the name of Antiochus,
there may possibly be an error in Theodoret. [L. S.]
ANTIMA''CHIDES, architect. [ANTISTATES.]
ANTI'MACHUS ('AvrieaXos), a Trojan, who,

ANTIMACHUS.
when Menelaus and Odysseus came to Troy to ask
for the surrender of Helen, advised his countrymen
to put the ambassadors to death. (Hom. 11. xi.
122, &c., 138, &c.) It was Antimachus who
principally insisted upon Helen not being restored
to the Greeks, (II. xi. 125.) He had three sons,
and when two of them, Peisander and Hippolochus,
fell into the hands of Menelaus, they were both
put to death.
There are three other mythical personages of
this name. (Hygin. Fab. 170; Schol. ad Pind.
Istnhm. iv. 104; Ov. Met. xii. 460.) [L. S.]
ANTI'MACHUS ('AveTipaXos). 1. Of CLAROS,
a son of Hipparchus, was a Greek epic and
elegiac poet. (Cic. Brut. 51; Ov. Trist. i. 6. 1.)
He is usually called a Colophonian, probably only
because Claros belonged to the dominion of Colophon. He flourished during the latter period of
the Peloponnesian war. (Diod. xiii. 108.) The
statement of Suidas that he was a disciple of Panyasis would make him belong to an earlier date,
but the fact that he is mentioned in connexion
with Lysander and Plato the philosopher sufficiently indicates the age to which he belonged.
(Plut. Lysand. 18; Proclus, ad Plat. Tim. i. p. 28.)
Plutarch relates that at the Lysandria-for thus
the Samians called their great festival of the Heraea,
to honour Lysander-Antimachus entered upon a
poetical contest with one Niceratus of Heracleia,
The latter obtained the prize from Lysander himself, and Antimachus, disheartened by his failure,
destroyed his own poem. Plato, then a young
man, happened to be present, and consoled the
unsuccessful poet by saying, that ignorance, like
blindness, was a misfortune to those who labourec
under it. The meeting between Antimachus anc
Plato is related differently by Cicero (1. c.), wh(
also places it manifestly at a different time ani
probably also at a different place; for, according t(
him, Antimachus once read to a numerous audienc<
his voluminous poem (Thebais), and his hearer:
were so wearied with it, that all gradually left tbh
place with the exception of Plato, whereupon th<
poet said, " I shall nevertheless continue to read
for one Plato is worth more than all the thousand
of other hearers." Now an anecdote similar t
the one related by Cicero is recorded of Antagora
the Rhodian [ANTAGORAS], and this repetition c
the same occurrence, together with other improba
bilities, have led Welcker (Der Epischle Cyclus, I
105, &c.) to reject the two anecdotes altogether a
inventions, made either to show the uninterestin
character of those epics, or to insinuate that, a
though they did not suit the taste of the multitude
they were duly appreciated by men of learnin
and intelligence.
The only other circumstance of the life of Ant
machus that we know is, his love for Lyde, wh
was either his mistress or his wife. He followc
her to Lydia; but she appears to have died soc
after, and the poet returned to Colophon ar
sought consolation in the composition of an elei
called Lyde, which was very celebrated in a,
tiquity. (Athen. xiii. p. 598; Brunck, Andlect.
p. 219.) This elegy, which was very long, co:
sisted of accounts of the misfortunes of all tl
mythical heroes who, like the poet, had becon
unfortunate through the early death of their b
loved. (Plut. Consol. ad Apollon. p. 106, b.)
thus contained vast stores of mythical and an
quarian information, and it was chiefly for this a: