A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ANTICLEIDES.
2. Q. VALERIUS ANTIAS, the Roman historian,
was either a descendant of the preceding, or derived the surname of Antias from his being a
native of Antium, as Pliny states. (II. N. Praef.)
lie was a contemporary of Quadrigarius, Sisenna,
and Rutilius (Vell. Pat. ii. 9), and lived in the
former half of the first century before Christ.
Krause, without mentioning his authority, states
that Antias was praetor in A. u. c. 676. (B. c. 68.)
He wrote the history of Rome from the earliest
period, relating the stories of Amulius, Rhea Silvia
and the like, down to the time of Sulla. The
latter period must have been treated at much
greater length than the earlier, since he spoke of
the quaestorship of Ti. Gracchus (B. c. 137) as early
as in the twelfth book (or according to some readings in the twenty-second), and the work extended
to seventy-five books at least. (Gell. vii. 9.)
Valerius Antias is frequently referred to by
Livy, who speaks of him as the most lying of all
the annalists, and seldom mentions his name without terms of reproach. (Comp. iii. 5, xxvi. 49,
xxxvi. 38.) Gellius (vi. 8, vii. 19) too mentions
cases in which the statements of Antias are opposed to those of all other writers, and there can
be little doubt that Livy's judgment is correct.
Antias was in no difficulty about any of the particulars of the early history: he fabricated the most
circumstantial narratives, and was particularly distinguished by his exaggerations in numbers.
Plutarch seems to have drawn much of his early
history from him, and Livy too appears to have derived many of his statements from the same source,
though he was aware of the untrustworthiness of
iis authority. It is rather curious that Cicero
lever refers to Valerius Antias. (Comp. Niebuhr,
Fist. of Rome, i. pp. 237, 501, 525, &c., ii. p. 9,
i. 570, iii. pp. 124, 358; Krause, Vitae et lFraym.;et. Historic. Latin. p. 266, &c.)
ANTICLEI'A ('AvricAeia), a daughter of Auolycus, wife of Laertes, and mother of Odysseus.
Hom. Od. xi. 85.) According to Homer she died
f grief at the long absence of her son, who met her.nd spoke with her in Hades. (Od. xv. 356, &c.,:i. 202, &c.) According to other traditions, she.ut an end to her own life after she had heard a
eport of the death of her son. (Hygin. Fab. 243.)
lyginus (Fab. 201) also states, that previous to
er marrying Laertes, she lived on intimate terms
rith Sisyphus; whence Euripides (lplig. Aul. 524)
alls Odysseus a son of Sisyphus. (Comp. Sophoc].
"hil. 417; Ov. Met. xiii. 32; Serv. ad Aen. vi.
"29.) It is uncertain whether this Anticleia is the
ime as the one whose son Periphetes was killed
y Theseus. Of this Periphetes she was the mother
y Hephaestus or by Poseidon. (Apollod. iii. 16.
1; Paus. ii. 1. ~ 4; Hygin. Fab. 38.) Another
tythical personage of this name, who married
Iachaon, the son of Asclepius, is mentioned by
aus. iv. 30. ~ 2. [L. S.]
ANTICLEIDES ('AvrLKucXhis), of Athens
kthen. xi. p. 446, c.), lived after the time of
lexander the Great (Plut. Alex. 46), and is frelently referred to by later writers. He wrote, 1.
spi Ndo-Trv, containing an account of the return
the Greeks from their ancient expeditions.
Ithen. iv. p. 157, f., ix. p. 384, d., xi. p. 466, c.)
nticleides' statement about the Pelasgians, which
rabo (v. p. 221) quotes, is probably taken from
e work on the No'airor. 2. A?AUamd, an account
Delos. (Schol. ad Apoll. RhLod. i. 1207, 1289.)

ANTIGENES. 18/5

3. 'E7)7yjTruc's, appears to have been a sort of
Dictionary, in which perhaps an explanation of
those words and phrases was given which occurred
in the ancient stories. (Athen. xi. p. 473, b. c.) 4.
Ilepl 'AAeavP8pov," of which the second book is
quoted by Diogenes Laertius. (viii. 11; comp. Plut.
Alex. 1. c.) Whether these works were all written
by Anticleides of Athens, cannot be decided with
certainty.
ANTI'CRATES ('AvrTcpdcrs), a Spartan who,
according to Dioscourides (ap. Plut. Ages. 35),
killed Epaminondas at the battle of Mantineia.
The descendants of Anticrates are said to have
been called Maxapliwves by the Lacedaemonians,
on account of his having struck Epaminondas with
a taXalapa (Plut. 1. c.), but Pausanias (viii. 11.
~ 4) mentions Machaerion, a Lacedaemonian or
Mantinean, to whom this honour was ascribed by
some. Others attribute it to Gryllus, the son of
Xenophon. [GRYLLUS.]
ANTIDAMAS, or ANTIDAMUS, of Heracleia, wrote in Greek a history of Alexander the
Great and moral works, which are referred to by
Fulgentius. (s. v. Vespillones, fabre.)
ANTIDO'RUS ('AvTf'wpos), of Lemnos, deserted to the Greeks in the battle of Artemisium,
and was rewarded by the Athenians by a piece of
ground in Salamis. (Herod. viii. 11.)
ANTI'DOTUS ('AVTL'oros), an Athenian comic
poet, of whom we know nothing, except that he
was of the middle comedy, which is evident from
the fact that a certain play, the 'Opoia, is ascribed
both to him and to Alexis. (Athen. xiv. p. 642.)
We have the titles of two other plays of his, and
it is thought that his name ought to be restored in
Athenaeus (i. p. 28, e.) and Pollux (vi. 99). (See
Meineke, i. p. 416.) [P. S.]
ANTIDOTUS, an encaustic painter, the disciple of Euphranor, and teacher of Nicias the Athenian. His works were few, but carefully executed,
and his colouring was somewhat harsh (severior).
He flourished about B. c. 336. (Plin. xxxv. 40.
~~ 27, 28.) [P. S.]
ANTI'GENES ('AvrmyEivsS). 1. A general of
Alexander the Great, also served under Philip,
and lost an eye at the siege of Perinthus. (B. c.
340.) After the death of Alexander he obtained
the satrapy of Susiana. He was one of the commanders of the Argyraspids (Dict. of Ant. s. v.)
and espoused with his troops the side of Eumenes.
On the defeat of the latter in B. c. 316, Antigenes
fell into the hands of his enemy Antigonus, and
was burnt alive by him. (Plut. Alex. 70; Arrian,
ap. Phot. p. 71, b. Bekk.; Diod. xviii. 62, xix. 12,
&c., 44; Plut. PEum. 13.)
2. A Greek historian, who spoke of the Amazon's visit to Alexander. (Plut. Alex. 46.) There
was a grammarian of the same name. (Fabric.
Bibl. Grace. iii. p. 34, vi. p. 355.)
ANTI'GENES ('ArITyv)s), the name of at
least three Greek physicians.
1. An inhabitant of Chios, mentioned in one of
the spurious letters of Euripides (Eurip. Epist. 2.
vol. ii. p. 500, ed. Beck), who (if he ever really
existed) must have lived in the fifth century B. c.
2. One of the followers of Cleophantus, who
must have lived about the middle of the third
century B. c., as Mnemon, one of his fellow-pupils,
is known to have lived in the reign of Ptolemy
Euergetes, B. c. 247--222. [CLEOPHANTUS;
MNEMON.] One of his works is quoted by Caelius