A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ANTENOR.
brother's cruelty. (Diod. xix. 3, xx. 16, 72.)
Antander was the author of an historical work,
which Diodorus quotes. (Exc. xxi. 12, p. 492, ed.
Wess.)
ANTEIA ('Aereim), a daughter of the Lycian
king lobates, and wife of Proetus of Argos, by
whom she became the mother of Maera. (Apollod.
ii. 2. ~ 1; Hom. II. vi. 160; Eustath, ad Hom. p.
1688.) The Greek tragedians call the wife of
Proetus Stheneboea. Respecting her love for
Bellerophontes, see BELLEROPHONTES. [L. S.]
ANTEIAS or ANTIAS ('AvTEiaS or 'Ar-ias),
one of the three sons of Odysseus by Circe, from
whom the town of Anteia in Italy was believed to
have derived its name. (Dionys. Hal. i. 72; Steph.
Byz. s. v. "AvTrla.) [L. S.]
P. ANTEIUS was to have had the province of
Syria in A. D. 56, but was detained in the city by
Nero. He was hated by Nero on account of his
intimacy with Agrippina, and was thus compelled
to put an end to his own life in A. D. 57. (Tac.
Ann. xiii. 22, xvi. 14.)
ANTENOR ('AVTi vp), a Trojan, a son of
Aesyetes and Cleomestra, and husband of Theano,
by whom he had many children. (Hom. II. vi.
398; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 349.) According to the
Homeric account, he was one of the wisest among
the elders at Troy, and received Menelaus and
Odysseus into his house when they came to Troy
as ambassadors. (I1. iii. 146, &c., 203, &c.) He
also advised his fellow-citizens to restore Helen to
Menelaus. (II. vii. 348, &c.) This is the substance of all that is said about him in the Homeric
poems; but the suggestion contained therein, that
Antenor entertained a friendly disposition towards
the Greeks, has been seized upon and exaggerated
by later writers. Before the Trojan war, he is
said to have been sent by Priam to Greece to claim
the surrender of Hesione, who had been carried off
by the Greeks; but this mission was not followed
by any favourable result. (Dares Phryg. 5.) When
Menelaus and Odysseus came to Troy, they would
have been killed by the sons of Priam, had it not
been for the protection which Antenor afforded them.
(Dict. Cret. i. 11.) Just before the taking of Troy
his friendship for the Greeks assumes the character
of treachery towards his own country; for when
sent to Agamemnon to negotiate peace, he devised
with him and Odysseus a plan of delivering the
city, and even the palladium, into their hands.
(Dict. Cret. iv. 22, v. 8; Serv. adAen. i. 246, 651,
ii. 15; Tzetzes, ad Lycopir. 339; Suidas, s. v.
7raXhaSLto.) When Troy was plundered, the skin
of a panther was hung up at the door of Antenor's
house, as a sign for the Greeks not to commit any
outrage upon it. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. v. 108; Paus.
x. 17; Strab. xiii. p. 608.) His history after this
event is related differently. Dictys (v. 17; comp.
Serv. ad Aen. ix. 264) states, that he founded a
new kingdom at Troy upon and out of the remnants of the old one; and according to others, he
embarked with Menelaus and Helen, was carried
to Libya, and settled at Cyrene (Pind. Pyth. v.
110); or he went with the Heneti to Thrace, and
thence to the western coast of the Adriatic, where
the foundation of several towns is ascribed to him.
(Strab. 1. c.; Serv. ad Aen. i. 1; Liv. i. 1.) Antenor with his family and his house, on which the
panther's skin was seen, was painted in the Lesche
at Delphi. (Paus. 1. c.) [L. S.]
ANTE'NOR ('AYrsfvwp), the son of Euphranor,

ANTHEAS. 183
an Athenian sculptor, made the first bronze statues
of Harmodius and Aristogeiton, which the Athenians set up in the Cerameicus. (B. c. 509.) These
statues were carried off to Susa by Xerxes, and
their place was supplied by others made either by
Callias or by Praxiteles. After the conquest of
Persia, Alexander the Great sent the statues back
to Athens, where they were again set up in the
Cerameicus. (Paus. i. 8. ~ 5; Arrian. Anab. iii.
16, vii. 19; Plin. xxxiv. 9; ib. 19. ~ 10; Biickh,
Corp. Inscrip. ii. p. 340.) The return of the
statues is ascribed by Pausanias (1. c.) to one of
the Antiochi, by Valerius Maximus (ii. 10, ext.
~ 1) to Seleucus; but the account of Arrian, that
they were returned by Alexander, is to be preferred. (See also Meursii Pisistrat. 14.) [P. S.]
ANTE'NOR ('AVTTYVwp), a Greek writer of uncertain date, wrote a work upon the history of Crete,
which on account of its excellence was called
AX-ea, inasmuch as, says Ptolemy Hephaestion
(ap. Phot. Cod. 190, p. 151, b. Bekk.), the
Cretans called that which is good AdArov. (Aelian,
H. N. xvii. 35; Plut. de M/al. ierod. c. 32.)
ANTENO'R1DES ('Arvropifl), a patronymic
from Antenor, and applied to his sons and descendants. (Virg. Aen. vi. 484; Hom. II. xi. 221.)
At Cyrene, where Antenor according to some accounts had settled after the destruction of Troy,
the Antenoridae enjoyed heroic honours. (Pind.
Pyth. v. 108.) [L. S.]
ANTEROS. [ERos.]
ANTEVORTA, also called PORRIMA or
PRORSA (Ov. Fast. i. 633; Gell. xvi. 16), together with Postvorta, are described either as the
two sisters or companions of the Roman goddess
Carmenta. (Ov. 1. c.; Macrob. Sat. i. 7.) It seems
to be clear, from the manner in which Macrobius
speaks of Antevorta and Postvorta, that originally
they were only two attributes of the one goddess
Carmenta, the former describing her knowledge of
the future and the latter that of the past, analogous
to the two-headed Janus. But that in later times
Antevorta and Postvorta were regarded as two distinct beings, companions of Carmenta, or as two
Carmentae, is expressly said by Varro (ap. Gell.
1. c.), Ovid, and Macrobius. According to Varro,
who also says, that they had two altars at Rome,
they were invoked by pregnant women, to avert
the dangers of child-birth. [L. S.]
ANTHAEUS ('AvD0aLs) or Antaeus, a physician, whose ridiculous and superstitious remedy
for hydrophobia is mentioned by Pliny. (H. N.
xxviii. 2.) One of his prescriptions is preserved
by Galen. (De Compos. lMedicam. sec. Locos, iv. 8.
vol. xii. p. 764.) Nothing is known of the events
of his life, but, as Pliny mentions him, he must
have lived some time in or before the first century
after Christ. [W. A. G.]
ANTHAS ('AvOds), a son of Poseidon and Alcyone, the daughter of Atlas. He was king of
Troezen, and believed to have built the town of
Antheia, and according to a Boeotian tradition, the
town of Anthedon also. Other accounts stated, that
Anthedon derived its name from a nymph Anthedon.
(Paus. ii. 30. ~ 7, &c., ix. 22. ~ 5.) [L. S.]
A'NTHEAS LI'NDIUS ("Aveas), a Greek
poet, of Lindus in Rhodes, flourished about B.c.
596. He was one of the earliest eminent composers of
phallic songs, which he himself sung at the head of
his phallophori. (Athen. x. p. 445.) Hence he
is ranked by Athenaeus (1. c.) as a comic poet, but