A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

164 ANAXIBIUS.
ANAXA'RETE ('AvagapEfT?), a maiden of the
island of Cyprus, who belonged to the ancient family of Teucer. She remained unmoved by the
professions of love and lamentations of Iphis, who
at last, in despair, hung himself at the door of her
residence. When the unfortunate youth was
going to be buried, she looked with indifference
from her window at the funeral procession; but
Venus punished her by changing her into a stone
statue, which was preserved at Salamis in Cyprus,
in the temple of Venus Prospiciens. (Ov. Mct. xiv.
698, &c.) Antoninus Liberalis (39), who relates
the same story, calls the maiden Arsinoe, and her
lover Arceophon. [L. S.]
ANA'XIAS or ANAXIS ('Avagfas or'Avaeis),
a son of Castor and Elaeira or Hilaeira, and brother of Mnasinus, with whom he is usually mentioned. The temple of the Dioscuri at Argos contained also the statues of these two sons of Castor
(Paus. ii. 22. ~ 6), and on the throne of Amyclae
both were represented riding on horseback. (iii.
18. ~ 7.) [L. S.]
ANAXI'BIA ('AvatVifa). 1. A daughter of
Bias and wife of Pelias, by whom she became the
mother of Acastus, Peisidice, Pelopia, Hippothod,
and Alcestis. (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 10.)
2. A daughter of Cratieus, and second wife of
Nestor. (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 9.)
3. A daughter of Pleisthenes, and sister of Agamemnon, married Strophius and became the mother of Pylades. (Paus. i. 29. ~ 4; Schol. ad Eurip.
Orest. 764, 1235.) Hyginus (Fab. 117) calls the
wife of Strophius Astyochea. Eustathius (ad II.
ii. 296) confounds Agamemnon's sister with the
daughter of Cratieus, saying that the second wife
of Nestor was a sister of Agamemnon. There is
another Anaxibia in Plut. de Flum. 4. [L. S.]
ANAXIBIUS ('AYvatGosr), was the Spartan
admiral stationed at Byzantium, to whom the Cyrean Greeks, on their arrival at Trapezus on the
Euxine, sent Cheirisophus, one of their generals,
at his own proposal, to obtain a sufficient number
of ships to transport them to Europe. (B. c. 400.
Xen. Anab. v. 1. ~ 4.) When however Cheirisophus met them again at Sinope, he brought back
nothing from Anaxibius but civil words and a promise of employment and pay as soon as they came
out of the Euxine. (Anab. vi. 1. ~ 16.) On their
arrival at Chrysopolis, on the Asiatic shore of the
Bosporus, Anaxibius, being bribed by Pharnabazus
with great promises to withdraw them from his
satrapy, again engaged to furnish them with pay,
and brought them over to Byzantium. Here he
attempted to get rid of them, and to send them
forward on their march without fulfilling his agreement. A tumult ensued, in which Anaxibius was
compelled to fly for refuge to the Acropolis, and
which was quelled only by the remonstrances of
Xenophon. (Anab. vii. 1. ~ 1-32.) Soon after
this the Greeks left the town under the command
of the adventurer Coeratades, and Anaxibius forthwith issued a proclamation, subsequently acted on
by Aristarchus the Harmost, that all Cyrean soldiers found in Byzantium should be sold for slaves.
(Anab. vii. 1. ~ 36, 2. ~ 6.) Being however soon
after superseded in the command, and finding himself neglected by Pharnabazus, he attempted to revenge himself by persuading Xenophon to lead the
army to invade the country of the satrap; but the
enterprise was stopped by the prohibition and
threats of Aristarchus. (AZnab. vii. 2. ~ 5-14.) In

ANAXILAUS.
the year 389, Anaxibius was sent out from Sparta
to supersede Dercyllidas in the command at Abydus, and to check the rising fortunes of Athens in
the Hellespont. Here he met at first with some
successes, till at length Iphicrates, who had been
sent against him by the Athenians, contrived to
intercept him on his return from Antandrus, which
had promised to revolt to him, and of which he
had gone to take possession. Anaxibius, coming
suddenly on the Athenian ambuscade, and foreseeing the certainty of his own defeat, desired his
men to save themselves by flight. His own duty,
he said, required him to die there; and, with a
small body of comrades, lie remained on the spot,
fighting till he fell, B. c. 388. (Xen. Hell. iv. 8.
~ 32-39.) [E. E.]
ANAXI'CRATES ('Avaerrcpi'rs), a Greek
writer of uncertain date, one of whose statements
is compared with one of Cleitodemus. He wrote
a work on Argolis. (Schol. ad Eurip. Med. 19,
ad Androm. 222.)
ANAXIDA'MUS ('AvaSIaauos),king of Sparta,
11th of the Eurypontids, son of Zeuxidamus, contemporary with Anaxander, and lived to the conclusion of the second Messenian war, B. c. 668.
(Paus. iii. 7. ~ 5.) [A. IH. C.]
ANAXIDA'MUS ('Avai3eacos), an Achaean
ambassador, sent to Rome in B. c. 1 64, and again
in B.C. 155. (Polyb. xxxi. 6, 8, xxxiii. 2.)
ANA'XILAS or ANAXILA'US ('Ava'Aaus,
'AviAmaos), an Athenian comic poet of the middle
comedy, contemporary with Plato and Demosthenes, the former of whom he attacked in one of
his plays. (Diog. Laert. iii. 28.) We have a few
fragments and thle titles of nineteen of his comedies,
eight of which are on mythological subjects. (Pollux, ii. 29, 34; x. 190; Athen. pp. 95, 171, 374,
416, 655; Meineke; Bode.) [P. S.]
ANAXILA'US ('Ava(LAaos), a Greek historian,
of uncertain date. (Dionys. Ant. Rom. i. 1; Diog.
Laert. i. 107.)
ANAXILA'US ('AmvcAsaos), of BYZANTIUM,
one of the parties who surrendered Byzantium to
the Athenians in B.c. 408. Hle was afterwards
brought to trial at Sparta for this surrender, but
was acquitted, inasmuch as the inhabitants were
almost starving at the time. (Xen. Hell. i. 3. ~ 19;
Plut. Ale. pp. 208, d., 209, a.; comp. Diod. xiii.
67, and Wesseling's note; Polyaen. i. 47. ~ 2.)
ANAXILA'US ('Ava/haos) or ANA'XILAS
('AvaSiAas), tyrant of RHEGIUM, was the son of
Cretines, and of Messenian origin. He was master of Rhegium in B. c. 494, when the Samians
and other Ionian fugitives seized upon Zancle.
Shortly afterwards he drove them out of this town,
peopled it with fresh inhabitants, and changed its
name into Messene. (Herod. vi. 22, 23; Thuc. vi.
4; comp. Aristot. Pol. v. 10. ~ 4.) In 480 lihe obtained the assistance of the Carthaginians for his
father-in-law, Terillus of Himera, against Theron.
(Herod. vii. 165.) The daughter of Anaxilaus
was married to Hiero. (Schol. ad Pind. Pyti. i.
112.) Anaxilaus died in 476, leaving Micythus
guardian of his children, who obtained possession
of their inheritance in 467, but was soon afterwards deprived of the sovereignty by the people.
(Diod. xi. 48, 66, 76.) The chronology of Anaxilaus has been discussed by Bentley (Diss. on Picalaris, p. 105, &c., ed. of 1777), who has shewu
that the Anaxilaus of Pausanias (iv. 23. ~ 3) is the
same as the one mentioned above.