A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

TARATIA. TARGITAUS. 975
3. A son of Amphion and Niobe. (Apollod. Roman people, and to whom, on that account,
iii. 5. ~ 6; Ov. Aliet. vi. 240.) [L. S.] a statue was erected. (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 6. s. II.)
TA'NTALUS, the name of the general who TARAXIPPUS (TapdiT7rlros),wasthenameof a
succeeded Viriathus and who shortly afterwards particular spot in the race-course at Olympia, where
submitted to Caepio. He is called Tantamus by horses often became shy and frightened. SuperDiodorus (Appian, Hisp. 75; Diod. Ecl. xxxii. stition was not at a loss to account for this phenovol. ii. p. 524, ed. Wiess.) menon, for some said that on that spot Olenius or
L. TANTA'SIUS, slain by Catiline in the Dameon had been slain by Cteatus, or because it
times of Sulla. (Ascon. in Cic. Tog. Cand. p. 84, was the burial-place of Myrtilus (who had frighted. Orelli.) ened the horses of Oenomaus), Alcathous, or Pelops.
TANU'SII, people of property proscribed by Pausanias, however, considers Taraxippus to be a
Sulla. (Q. Cic. de Pet. Cons. 2.) surname of Poseidon Hippius. On the isthmus of
TANU'SIUS GE'MINUS. [GEMINus.] Corinth, Glaucus, the son of Sisyphus, was beTAN'YOXARCES. [SMERDIS.] lieved to be a Taraxippus. (Paus. vi. 20. ~ 8, &c.;
TA'PHIUS (Td(pios), a son of Poseidon and comp. x. 37. ~ 4.) [L. S.]
HippothoU, was the father of Pterelaus. He led a TARCHE'SIUS, an architectural writer, whom
colony to Taphos, and called the inhabitants Tele- Vitruvius mentions as one of those who maintained
boans. (Apollod. ii. 4. ~ 5.) [L. S.] that the proportions of the Doric order were unTAPPO, VALE'RIUS. 1. L. VALERIUS suitable to temples. He attributes the same
TAPPO, praetor B. c. 192, obtained Sicily as his opinion to Pytheus and Hermogenes. (Vitruv. iv.
province. He was one of the'triumvirs in B. C. 3. ~ 1). [P. S.]
190 for settling new colonists at Placentia and TARCHE!TIUS (TapXlqoS), a-mythical king
Cremona in northern Italy. (Liv. xxxv. 10, 20, of Alba, who in some traditions is connected with
xxxvii. 46.) the founders of Rome. Once a phallus was seen
2. C. VALERIUS TAPPO, tribune of the plebs, rising above one of his flocks. In compliance with
B. C. 188, proposed that the suffrage should be an oracle he ordered one of his daughters to apgiven to the Formniani, Fundani and Arpinates. proach the phallus; but she sent one of her maid
(Liv. xxxviii. 36.) servants, who became pregnant, and gave birth to
TA'PPIJLUS, VI'LLIUS. 1. L. VILLIUS the twins Romulus and Remus. Tarchetius caused
TAPPULUS, plebeian aedile, B.C. 213. (Liv. xxv. 2.) them to be exposed, but they were suckled by a
2. P. VILLIUS TAPPULUS, plebeian aedile, B. C. she-wolf and brought up by a shepherd, and when
204, and praetor B. C. 203, with Sicily as his pro- they had grown up to manhood they dethroned
vince. In B. c. 201, he was one of the decemviri Tarchetius. (Plut. Romnul. 2.) [L. S.]
for assigning some of the public land in Samnium TARCHON. [TYRRHENUS.]
and Apulia to the soldiers who had served under TARCONDI'MOTUS (Tapicovs'lOTros), the
P. Scipio in Africa, and in B. C. 199 he was consul king of Cilicia, fought on Pompey's side against
with L. Cornelius Lentulus. In his consulship Caesar, in B. C. 48, but was pardoned by Caesar,
lie had the conduct of the war against Philip and allowed to retain his dominions. After the
in Macedonia, but he performed nothing of im- death of Caesar he joined C. Cassius, and subportance. In the following year he served as sequently espoused the side of Antony against
legatus under his successor T. Quintius Flamininus, Octavian. He was killed in a sea-fight in B. C. 31,
and on the conquest of Philip in B. C. 196, he was while fighting under Sosius against M. Agrippa.
one of the ten commissioners appointed by the His name is variously written in the ancient ausenate to determine with Flamininus upon the con- thors, but we learn from coins that Tarcondimotus
ditions of the peace. After concluding the peace is the correct form (Dion Cass. xli. 63, xlvii. 26,
with Philip, Tappulus and one of his colleagues I. 14; Strab. xiv. p. 676; Cic. ad Fam. xv. 1;
went on a mission to Antiochus in Asia. In. B. C. Flor. iv. 2. ~ 5; Plut. Ant. 61.) The sons of Tar193 he was again sent to Antiochus, and in the condimotus deserted Antony after the battle of
following year was also one of the ambassadors Actium, and united themselves to Octavian; but
sent to Greece. (Liv. xxix. 38, xxx. 1, xxxi. Philopator, who had succeeded his father, was de4, 49, xxxii. 3, 6, 28, xxxiii. 24, 35, 39, 40, prived by Octavian of the part of Cappadocian
xxxiv. 59, xxxv. 13-15, 23, 39.) Pontus, which he held. In B. C. 20, however, Tar3. L. VILLIUS TAPPULUS, praetor B. C. 199, condimotus, one of the sons, received from Octavian
obtained Sardinia as his province. (Liv. xxxi. 49, all the possessions of his father, with the exception
xxxii. 1.) of a few places on the coast. (Dion Cass. li. 2, 7,
TA'RACUS. [SABACON.] liv. 9.)
TARANTUS, a nickname bestowed on Caractalla, after his death, from a gladiator of diminutive stature and repulsive aspect. It is first mentioned by Dion Cassius in the ninth chapter of his
seventy-eighth book, and in the subsequent portions of his history he uniformly designates the son >
of Severus by this appellation. [W. R.]
TARAS (Tdpas), a son of Poseidon by a nymph,
is said to have traversed the sea from the promontory of Taenarum to the south of Italy, riding on a
dolphin, and to have founded Tarentum in Italy
(Paus. x. 10. ~ 4, 13. ~ 5), where he was wor- COIN OF TARCONDIMOTUS.
shipped as a hero. (Strab. vi. p. 279.) [L. S.] -
TARA'TIA, CAIA, a Vestal Virgin, who is TARGITAUS (Tap-ylraos), a son of Zeus by a
said to have given the campus Tiberinus to the daughter of Borysthenes, was believed to be the