A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

DAPHNIS.
According to Aristotle, the great wealth of Daphnaeus had made him an object of jealousy with
the lower populace. (Diod. xiii. 86, 87, 92, 96;
Arist. Pol. v. 5.) [E. H. B.]
DAPHNE (Aacdiv), a fair maiden who is
mixed up with various traditions about Apollo.
According to Pausanias (x. 5. ~ 3) she was an
Oreas and an ancient priestess of the Delphic oracle to which she had been appointed by Ge.
Diodorus (iv. 66) describes her as the daughter
of Teiresias, who is better known by the name
of Manto. She was made prisoner in the war of
the Epigoni and given as a present to Apollo. A
third Daphne is called a daughter of the rivergod Ladon in Arcadia by Ge (Paus. viii. 20.
~ 1; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 6; Philostr. Vit. Apollon.
i. 16), or of the river-god Peneius in Thessaly
(Ov. Met. i. 452; Hygin. Fab. 203), or lastly of
Amyclas. (Parthen. Erot. 15.) She was extremely
beautiful and was loved and pursued by Apollo.
When on the point of being overtaken by him,
she prayed to her mother, Ge, who opened the earth
and received her, and in order to console Apollo
she created the ever-green laurel-tree (o84aV), of
the boughs of which Apollo made himself a wreath.
Another story relates that Leucippus, the son of
Oenomails, king-of Pisa, was in love with Daphne
and approached her in the disguise of a maiden
and thus hunted with her. But Apollo's jealousy
caused his discovery during the bath, and he was
killed by the nymphs. (Paus. viii. 20. ~ 2; Parthen. 1. c.) According to Ovid (Met. i. 452, &c.)
Daphne in her flight from Apollo was metamorphosed herself into a laurel-tree. [L. S.]
DAPHNIS (Aapvis), a Sicilian hero, to whom
the invention of bucolic poetry is ascribed. He is
called a son of Hermes by a nymph (Diod. iv. 84),
or merely the beloved of Hermes. (Aelian, V. 1I.
x. 18.) Ovid (Met. iv. 275) calls him an Idaean
shepherd; but it does not follow from this, that
Ovid connected him with either the Phrygian or
the Cretan Ida, since Ida signifies any woody
mountain. (Etym. Magn. s. v.) His story runs as
follows: The nymph, his mother, exposed him
when an infant in a charming valley in a laurel
grove, from which he received his name of Daphnis, and for which he is also called the favourite of
Apollo. (Serv. ad Virg. Eclog. x. 26.) He was
brought up by nymphs or shepherds, and he himself became a shepherd, avoiding the bustling
crowds of men, and tending his flocks on mount
Aetna winter and summer. A Naiad (her name
is different in different writers, Echenais, Xenea,
Nomia, or Lyce,-Parthen. Erot. 29; Schol. ad
Theocrit. i. 65, vii. 73; Serv. ad Virg. Eclog. viii.
68; Phylarg. ad Virg. Eclog. v. 20) fell in love
with him, and made him promise never to form a
connexion with any other maiden, adding the
threat that he should become blind if he violated
his vow. For a time the handsome Daphnis resisted all the numerous temptations to which he
was exposed, but at last he forgot himself, having
been made intoxicated by a princess. The Naiad
accordingly punished him with blindness, or, as
others relate, changed him into a stone. Previous
to this time he had composed bucolic poetry, and
with it delighted Artemis during the chase. According to others, Stesichorus made the fate of
Daphnis the theme of his bucolic poetry, which
was the earliest of its kind. After having become
blind, hlie invoked his father to help him. The

DARDANUS.

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god. accordingly raised him up to heaven, and
caused a well to gush forth on the spot where this
happened. The well bore the name of Daphnis,
and at it the Sicilians offered an annual sacrifice.
(Serv. ad Virg. Eel. v. 20.) Phylargyrius, on the
same passage, states, that Daphnis tried to console
himself in his blindness by songs and playing on
the flute, but that he did not live long after; and
the Scholiast on Theocritus (viii. 93) relates, that
Daphnis, while wandering about in his blindness,
fell from a steep rock. Somewhat different accounts are contained in Servius (ad Virg. Eclog.
viii. 68) and in various parts of the Idyls of
Theocritus. [L. S.]
DAPHNIS, a Greek orator, of whom a fragment in a Latin version is preserved in Rutilius
Lupus (de Fig. Sent. 15), and whose name Pithoeus
wrongly altered into Daphnidius. No particulars
are known about him. (Ruhnken, ad Rutil. Lup.
p. 52, and Hist. Crit. Orat. Graec. p. 93.) [L. S.]
DAPHNIS, an architect of Miletus, who, in conjunction with Paeonius, built a temple to Apollo
at Miletus, of the Ionic order. (Vitruv. vii. Praef.
16.) He lived later than CHERSIPHRON, since
Paeonius was said to have finished the temple of
Artemis at Ephesus, which was begun by Chersiphron. (Vitruv. 1. c.) [P. S.]
DAPHNO'PATES, THEODO'RUS (~eolWpos
AaepoiTrdoT-s), an ecclesiastical writer, who lived
about the middle of the tenth century after Christ.
He is called a patrician and sometimes magister,
and was invested with the office of primus a secretis at the court of Constantinople. He seems to
have written a history of Byzantium (Joan. Scylitzes, Praef.; Cedren. Hist. p. 2), but no distinct
traces of it are left. Of his many theological writings two only are printed, viz. 1. An oration upon
the transfer of the hand of John the Baptist from
Antioch to Constantinople, which took place in
A. D. 956. The year after, when the anniversary
of this event was celebrated, Theodorus delivered
his oration upon it. A Latin translation of it is
printed in the Acta Sanctorum under the 29th of
August. The Greek original, of which MSS. are
extant in several libraries, has not yet been published. 2. Apanthismata, that is, extracts from
various works of St. Chrysostom, in thirty-three
chapters. They are printed in the editions of the
works of St. Chrysostom, vol. vii. p. 669, ed. Savillius, and vol. vi. p. 663, ed. Ducaeus. (Fabric.
Bibl. Grace. x. p. 385, &c.; Cave, Hist. Lit. ii. p.
316, ed. London, 1698.) [L. S.]
DAPHNUS (Adrpvos), a physician of Ephesus,
who is introduced by Athenaeus in his Deipnosophistae (i. p. 1) as a contemporary of Galen in the
second century after Christ. [W. A. G.]
DAPYX (Ada7rv), the chief of a tribe of the
Getae. When Crassus was in Thrace, B. c. 29,
Roles, another chief of the Getae, was at war with
Dapyx, and called in the assistance of Crassus.
Dapyx was defeated, and obliged to take refuge in
a stronghold, where he was besieged. A Greek,
who was in the place, betrayed it to Crassus, and
as soon as the Getae perceived the treachery, they
killed one another, that they might not fall into
the hands of the Romans. Dapyx too ended his
life on that day. (Dion Cass. li. 26.) [L. S.]
DA'RDANUS (Adp'avos), a son of Zeus and
Electra, the daughter of Atlas. He was the brother of Jasus, Jasius, Jason, or Jasion, Aetion and
Harmonia, and his native place in the various tra