A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

494 BOCCHUS.
her life by poison. Her body was interred with
great solemnity by the Britons, who then dispersed.
This victory, which Tacitus declares equal to the
great victories of ancient times, finally established
the Roman dominion in Britain. (Tac. Ann. xiv.
31-37, Agric. 15,16; Dion Cass. Ixii. 1-12.) [L.S.]
BOCCHAR. 1. A king of the Mauri in the
time of MAslNIssA, B. c. 204. (Liv. xxix. 30.)
2. A general of Syphax, who sent him against
Masinissa, B.c. 204. (Liv. xxix. 32.) [P. S.]
BO'CCHORIS (BdKXopes), an Egyptian king
and legislator, who was distinguished for his wisdom, avarice, and bodily weakness. His laws
related chiefly to the prerogatives of the king and
to pecuniary obligations. (Diod. i. 94.) From his
not being mentioned by Herodotus, it has been
conjectured that he was identical with Asychis.
(Herod. ii. 136.) Eusebius places him alone in the
twenty-fourth dynasty, calls him a Saite, and says
that, after reigning forty-four years, he was taken
prisoner and burnt by Sabacon. (Chron. Arm. pp.
104, 318, Mai and Zohrab; compare Syncellus,
pp. 74, b., 184, c.) According to Wilkinson, he
began to reign B. c. 812; he was the son and successor of Turphachthus; and his name on the monuments is Pehor, Bakhor, or Amun-se-Pehor.
(Ancient Egypticans, i. pp. 130, 138.) In the Armenian copy of Eusebius his name is spelt Boccharis, in Syncellus Bo'XXwpis. (See also Aelian, Iist.
An. xii. 3, Tac. Histv.v 3; Athen. x. p. 418, f.,
where his father is called Neochabis.) [P. S.]
BOCCHUS (Bo'iXo). 1. A king of Mauretania, who acted a prominent part in the war of
the Romans against Jugurtha. He was a barbarian without any principles, assuming alternately
the appearance of a friend of Jugurtha and of the
Romans, as his momentary inclination or avarice
dictated; but he ended his prevarication by betraying Jugurtha to the Romans. In B. c. 108,
Jugurtha, who was then hard pressed by the proconsul Q. Metellus, applied for assistance to Bocchus, whose daughter was his wife. Bocchus complied the more readily with this request, since at
the beginning of the war he had made offers of
alliance and friendship to the Romans, which had
been rejected. But when Q. Metellus also sent an
embassy to him at the same time, Bocchus entered
into negotiations with him likewise, and in consequence of this the war against Jugurtha was almost suspended so long as Q. Metellus had the
command. When in B. c. 107, C. Marius came to
Africa as the successor of Metellus, Bocchus sent
several embassies to him, expressing his desire to
enter into friendly relations with Rome; but when
at the same time Jugurtha promised Bocchus the
third part of Numidia, and C. Marius ravaged the
portion of Bocchus's dominion which he had formerly taken from Jugurtha, Bocchus accepted the
proposal of Jugurtha, and joined him with a large
force. The two kings thus united made an attack
upon the Romans, but were defeated in two successive engagements. Hereupon, Bocchus again
sent an embassy to Marius, requesting him to despatch two of his most trustworthy officers to him,
that he might negotiate with them. Marius accordingly sent his quaestor, Sulla, and A. Manlius,
who succeded in effecting a decided change in the
king's mind. Soon after, Bocchus despatched ambassadors to Rome, but they fell into the hands of the
Gaetuli, and having made their escape into the
camp of Sulla, who received them very hospitably,

BOEDROMIUS.
they proceeded to Rome, where hopes of an alliance and the friendship of the Roman people w-re
held out to them. When Bocchus was informed
of this, he requested an interview with Sulla.
This being granted, Sulla tried to persuade Bocchus to deliver up Jugurtha into the hands of
the Romans. At the same time, however, Jugurtha also endeavoured to induce him to betray
Sulla, and these clashing proposals made Bocchus
hesitate for a while; but he at last determined to
comply with the wish of Sulla. Jugurtha was accordingly invited to negotiate for peace, and when
he arrived, was treacherously taken prisoner, and
delivered up to Sulla, B. c. 106. According to
some accounts, Jugurtha had come as a fugitive to
Bocchus, and was then handed over to the Romans.
Bocchus was rewarded for his treachery by an alliance with Rome, and he was even allowed to dedicate in the Capitol statues of Victory and golden
images of Jugurtha representing him in the act of
being delivered up to Sulla. (Sall. Jug. 19, 80 -120; Appian, Numid. 3, 4; Liv. Epit. 66; Dion
Cass. Fragm. Reimar. n. 168, 169; Eutrop. iv.
27; Florus, iii. 1; Oros. v. 15; Veil. Pat. ii. 12;
Plut. lMar. 10, 32, Sull. 3.)
2. Probably a son of the preceding, and a brother of Bogud, who is expressly called a son of
Bocchus I. (Oros. v. 21.) These two brothers for
a time possessed the kingdom of Mauretania in
common, and, being hostile to the Pompeian party,
J. Caesar confirmed them, in B. c. 49, as kings of
Mauretania, which some writers describe as if
Caesar had then raised them to this dignity. In
Caesar's African war, Bocchus was of great service,
by taking Cirta, the capital of Juba, king of Numidia, and thus compelling him to abandon the
cause of Scipio. Caesar rewarded him with a portion of the dominions of Masinissa, the ally of
Juba, which however was taken from him, after
the death of Caesar, by Arabion, the son of Masinissa. There is a statement in Dion Cassius (xliii.
36), that, in B.C. 45, Bocchus sent his sons to
Spain to join Cn. Pompey. If this is true, it can
only be accounted for by the supposition, that
Bocchus was induced by jealousy of his brother
Bogud to desert the cause of Caesar and join the
enemy; for all we know of the two brothers
shews that the good understanding between them
had ceased. During the civil war between Antony
and Octavianus, Bocchus sided with the latter,
while Bogud was in alliance with Antony. When
Bogud was in Spain, B. c. 38, Bocchus usurped the
sole government of Mauretania, in which he was
afterwards confirmed by Octavianus. He died
about B. c. 33, whereupon his kingdom became a
Roman province. (Dion Cass. xli. 42, xliii. 3, 36,
xlviii. 45, xlix. 43; Appian, B. c. ii. 96, iv. 54,
v. 26; Hirt. B. Afr.25; Strab. xvii. p. 828.) [L. S.]
BODON (Bcofwv), an ancient hero, from whom
the Thessalian town of Bodone derived its name.
(Steph. Byz. s. v. Bwscivy.) [L. S.]
BODUOGNA'TUS, a leader of the Nervii
in their war against Caesar, B. c. 57. (Caes. B. G.
ii. 23.)
BOEBUS (Boleos), a son of Glaphyrus, from
whom the Thessalian town of Boebe derived its
name. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Boigt.) [L. S.]
BOEDRO'MIUS (BoJpO'lpios), the helper in
distress, a surname of Apollo at Athens, the origin
of which is explained in different ways. According to some, the god was thus called because he