A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

248 APPULEIUS.
the latter at Basel, 1554. The Greek text of the
'l7pcK) ical 'Avvts:ai't was published for the first
time by H. Stephanus, Geneva, 1557. Ursinus
published some fragments at Antwerp, 1582. The
second edition of the Greek text was edited, with
the Latin version of Gelenius, by H. Stephanus,
Geneva, 1592. The twenty-third book of Appian,
containing the wars with Illyria, was first published by Hoeschelius, Augsburg, 1599, and some additional fragments were added by Valesius, Paris,
1634. The third edition of Appian's work was
published at Amsterdam in 1670, and is a mere
reprint of the edition of H. Stephanus. The work
bears on the title-page the name of Alexander
Tollius, but he did absolutely nothing for the work,
and allowed the typographical errors of the old
edition to remain. The fourth edition, and infinitely the best, is that of Schweighihuser, Leipzig,
1785, 3 vols. 8vo. A few new fragments of Appian
were published by Mai in the second volume of his
Nova Collectio vet. Scrip.: they are reprinted, together with the new fragments of Polybius, in "Polybii et Appiani Iistoriarum Excerpta Vaticana,
&c.," edited by Lucht, Altona, 1830. Mai also
discovered a letter of Appian to Fronto (p. 229 in
Niebuhr's edition of Fronto).
A'PPIAS, a nymph of the Appian well, which
was situated not far from the temple of Venus
Genitrix in the forum of Julius Caesar. It was
surrounded by statues of nymphs, who were called
Appiades. (Ovm.Ren. Am. 659, Ars Am. i. 81,
iii. 451.) Cicero (ad Fam. iii. 1) flatters Appius
Pulcher by applying the name Appias to a statue
of Minerva. In modern times, statues of, nymphs
have been found on the spot where the Appian well
existed in ancient times, and they are considered
to be statues of the Appiades. (Visconti, in Mus.
Pio-Clem. i. p. 216, ed. Mediolan.) [L. S.]
APPION. [APION.]
APPION, a jurist, contemporary with Justinian,
by whom he is named in terms of high commendation in the 82nd Novell, on account of the excellent discharge of his legal duties as the assessor of
Marcellus. On his appointment, A. D. 539, as
communis omnium, or major judex, with jurisdiction
next to the emperor's praefects (apXovire), he is
said by Justinian to have acquired a high character,
not only legal, but general. He was previously
advocatus fisci, an office to which was attached the
title spectabilis. His name appears as consul A. D.
539. [J. T. G.]
A'PPIUS CLAU'DIUS. [CLAUDIUS.]
A'PPTUS SILA'NUS. [SILANUS.]
APPULEIA or APULEIA GENS, plebeian.
The cognomens of this gens are DECIANUS, PANSA,
and SATURNINUS: those who bear no cognomen are
given under APPUL EIs. The first of the Appuleii, who obtained the consulship, was Q. Appuleius
Pansa, B. c. 300.
APPULEIA VARI'LIA. [APPULEIUS,No. 9.]
APPULEIUS or APULETUS. 1. L. APPULEIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. c. 391, impeached
Camillus for having secreted part of the spoils of
Veil. (Liv. v. 32; Plut. Cam. 12.)
2. L. APPULEIUS, one of the Roman ambassadors
sent in B.C. 156 to examine into the state of affairs
between Attalus and Prusias. (Polyb. xxxii. 26.)
3. APPULEIUs, proquaestor, to whom Cicero
addresses two letters (ad Fame. xiii. 45, 46), was
perhaps the proquaestor of Q. Philippus, the proconsul, in Asia B. c. 55.

APPULEIUS.
4. APPULEIUS, a praediator, mentioned by Cicero
in two of his letters (ad Att. xii. 14, 17), must be
distinguished from No. 3.
5. M. APPULEIUS, was elected augur in B.c. 45,
and Cicero pleaded illness as a reason for his absence from the inaugural festival, which seems to
have lasted several days. (Cic. ad Att. xii. 13
-15.) At the time of Caesar's death, B. c. 44.
Appuleius seems to have been quaestor in Asia; and
when Brutus crossed over into Greece and Asia, he
assisted him with money and troops. (Cic. Phil.
x. 11, xiii. 16; Appian, B. C. iii. 63, iv. 75.)
He was proscribed by the triumvirs, B. c. 43, and
fled to Brutus, who placed him over Bithynia.
After the death of Brutus, B. c. 42, he surrendered
the province to Antony, and was restored by him
to his native country. (Appian, B. C. iv. 46.)
6. APPULEIUS, proscribed by the triumvirs in
B. c. 43, escaped with his wife to Sicily. (Appian, B. C. iv. 40.) He must be distinguished
from No. 5, who was proscribed at the same time.
This Appuleius is probably the same as the tribune
of the plebs spoken of by Appian. (B. C. iii. 93.)
7. SEx. APPUiEIUS SEX. F. SEX. N., consul in
B. C. 29. IHe afterwards went to Spain as proconsul, and obtained a triumph in n. c. 26, for the
victories he had gained in that country. (Dion
Cass. li. 20; Fast. Capitol.)
8. M. APPULETUS SEX. F. SEX. N., consul in
B. c. 20, may possibly be the same person as No.
5. (Dion Cass. liv. 7.)
9. SEX. APPULEIUS SEX. F. SEX. N., probably
a son of No. 7, consul in A. D. 14, the year in
which Augustus died. (Dion Cass. Ivi. 29; Suet.
Aug. 100; Tac. Ann. i. 7; Vell. Pat. ii. 123.)
He is called in two passages of Dion Cassius (I. c.
and liv. 30) a relation of Augustus. Tacitus
(Ann. ii. 50) speaks of Appuleia Varilia, who was
accused of adultery and treason in A.0. D17, as a
granddaughter of a sister of Augustus. It is,
therefore, not impossible that Sex. Appuleius may
have married one of the Marcellae, the two daughters
of Octavia, by her first husband Marcellus; but
there is no authority for this marriage.
APPULEIUS or APULEIUS (inscriptions
and the oldest MSS. generally exhibit the double
consonant, see Cren. Animad. Phil. P. xi. sub. init.;
Oudendorp, ad Apul. Asin. not. p. 1), chiefly celebrated as the author of the Golden Ass, was born
in the early part of the second century in Africa,
at Madaura, which was originally attached to the
kingdom of Syphax, was transferred to Masinissa
at the close of the second Punic war, and having
been eventually colonized by a detachment of Roman veterans, attained to considerable splendour.
This town was situated far inland on the border
line between Numidia and Gaetulia, and hence
Appuleius styles himself Seninumida et Semigaetulus, declaring at the same time, that he had nc
more reason to feel ashamed of his hybrid origin
than the elder Cyrus, who in like manner might bE
termed Semimedus ac Semipersa. (Apolog. pp.443.
444, ed. Florid.) His father was a man of higI
respectability, who having filled the office o:
duumvir and enjoyed all the other dignities of hi,
native town, bequeathed at his death the sum o
nearly two millions of sesterces to his two sons
(Apolog. p. 442.) Appuleius received the firs
rudiments of education at Carthage, renowned a
that period as a school of literature (Florida, iv
p. 20), and afterwards proceeded to Athens, wher<