A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

156 AMYNTAS.
On the defeat of the Persians at the battle of
Issus, Amyntas fled with a large body of Greeks
to Tripolis in Phoenicia. There he seized some
ships, with which he passed over to Cyprus, and
thence to Egypt, of the sovereignty of which--a
double traitor-he designed to possess himself.
The gates of Pelusium were opened to him on his
pretending that he came with authority from Dareius: thence he pressed on to Memphis, and being
joined by a large number of Egyptians, defeated in
a battle the Persian garrison under Mazaces. But
this victory made his troops over-confident and incautious, and, while they were dispersed for plunder, Mazaces sallied forth upon them, and Amyntas
himself was killed with the greater part of his men.
(Diod. xvii. 48; Arr. ii. p. 40, c; Curt. iv. 1. ~ 27,
&c., iv. 7. ~ 1, 2.)
It is possible that the subject of the present article may have been the Amyntas who is mentioned
among the ambassadors sent to the Boeotians by
Philip, B. c. 338, to prevent the contemplated
alliance of Thebes with Athens. It may also have
been the son of Andromenes. (Plut. Dem. pp. 849,
854; Diod. xvi. 85.)
6. A king of Galatia and several of the adjacent countries, mentioned by Strabo (xii. p. 569)
as contemporary with himself. He seems to have
first possessed Lycaonia, where he maintained
more than 300 flocks. (Strab. xii. p. 568.) To
this he added the territory of Derbe by the murder
of its prince, Antipater, the friend of Cicero (Cic.
ad Fam. xiii. 73), and Isaura and Cappadocia by
Roman favour. Plutarch, who enumerates him
among the adherents of Antony at Actium (Ant.
p. 944, c.), speaks probably by anticipation in calling him king of Galatia, for he did not succeed to
that till the death of De'otarus (Strab. xii. p. 567);
and the latter is mentioned by Plutarch himself
(Ant. p. 945, b.) as deserting to Octavius, just before the battle, together with Amyntas.
While pursuing his schemes of aggrandizement,
and endeavouring to reduce the refractory highlanders around him, Amyntas made himself master
of Homonada (Strab. xii. p. 569), or Homonna
(Plin. I.N. v. 27), and slew the prince of that
place; but his death was avenged by his widow,
and Amyntas fell a victim to an ambush which
she laid for him. (Strab. 1. c.) [E. E.]

AMYTIIA ON.
AMYNTIA'NUS ('Auvvnavo's), the author of
a work on Alexander the Great, dedicated to the
emperor M. Antoninus, the style of which Phiotius
blames. He also wrote the life of Olympias, the
mother of Alexander, and a few other biographies.
(Phot. Cod. 131, p. 97, a., ed. Bekker.) The
Scholiast on Pindar (ad 01. iii. 52) refers to a
work of Amyntianus on elephants.
AMYNTOR ('A/iLv'Wwp), according to Homer
(II. x. 266), a son of Ormenus of Eleon in Thessaly,
where Autolycus broke into his house and stole
the beautiful helmet, which afterwards came into
the hands of Meriones, who wore it during the
war against Troy. Amyntor was the father of
Crantor, Euaemon, Astydameia, and Phoenix.
The last of these was cursed and expelled by
Amyntor for having entertained, at the instigation
of his mother Cleobule or Hippodameia, an unlawful intercourse with his father's mistress. (1Hom.
11. ix. 434, &c.; Lycophr. 417.) According to
Apollodorus (ii. 7. ~ 7, iii. 13. ~ 7), who states,
that Amyntor blinded his son Phoenix, he was a
king of Ormenium, and was slain by Heracles, to
whom he refused a passage through his dominions,
and the hand of his daughter Astydameia. (Conip.
Diod. iv. 37.) According to Ovid (Met. viii. 307,
xii. 364, &c.), Amyntor took part in the Calydonian hunt, and was king of the Dolopes, and when
conquered in a war by Peleus, he gave him his son
Crantor as a hostage. [L. S.]
A'MYRIS ( A/vpis), of Sybaris in Italy, surnamed "the Wise," whose son was one of the
suitors of Agarista, at the beginning of the sixth
century, B. c. Amyris was sent by his fellow-citizens to consult the Delphic oracle. His reputation
for wisdom gave rise to the proverb,"Aýwpits sialverra,.
"the wise man is mad." (Herod. vi. 126; Athen. xii.
p. 520, a.; Suidas, s. v.; Eustath. ad II. ii. p. 298;
Zenobius, Paroemiogr. iv. 27.)
AMYRTAEUS ('AyvpraToos). 1. The name,
according to Ctesias (ap. Phot. Cod. 72, p. 37,
Bekker), of the king of Egypt who was conquered
by Cambyses. [PSAMME1NITUS.]
2. A Sa'te, who, having been invested with the
title of king of Egypt, was joined with Inarus the
Libyan in the command of the Egyptians when
they rebelled against Artaxerxes Longimanus (B. c.
460). After the first success of the Egyptians,
B. C. 456 [ACHAEMENES], Artaxerxes sent a
second immense army against them, by which they
were totally defeated. Amyrtaeus escaped to the
island of Elbo, and maintained himself as king in
the marshy districts of Lower Egypt till about the
year 414 B. c., when the Egyptians expelled the
Persians, and Amyrtaeus reigned six years, being
the only king of the 28th dynasty. His name on
the monuments is thought to be Aomahorte.
Eusebius calls him Amyrtes and Amyrtanus
('Aglvpramvos). (Herod. ii. 140, iii. 15; Thuc. i.
110; Diod. xi. 74, 75; Ctesias. ap. Phot. pp. 27.
32, 40, Bekker; Euseb. Chron. Armen. pp. 10I.'
342, ed. Zohrab and IMai; Wilkinson's Ant,
Egypt. i. p. 205.) [P. S.]
A'MYRUS ("A.vpos), a son of Poseidon, flron
whom the town and river Amyrus in Thessaly
were believed to have derived their name. (Stephl
Byz. s. v.; Val. Flacc. ii. 11.) [L. S.]
AMYTHA'ON ('Av0awfciv), a son of Cretheu,
and Tyro (Hom. Od. xi. 235, &c.), and brothel
of Aeson and Pheres. (Hornm. Od. xi. 259.) HI
dwelt at Pylos in Messenia, and by Idomene lbe

COIN OF AMYNTAS, KING OF GALATIA.
AMYNTAS ('Amv'vras), a Greek writer of a
work entitled:'raOPof, which was probably an account of the different halting-places of Alexander
the Great in his Asiatic expedition. He perhaps
accompanied Alexander. (N ike, /Moerilis, p. 205.)
From the references that are made to it, it seems
to have contained a good deal of historical information. (Athen. ii. p. 67, a., x. p. 442, b., xi. p. 500, d.,
xii. pp. 514, f., 529,e.; Aelian, H.N. v. 14, xvii. 17.)
AMYNTAS, surgeon. [AMENTES.]