Middle English Dictionary Entry
walwen v.
Entry Info
Forms | walwen v. Also walwe, walwi, waluen, walou, walowe, waloen, walewe, wallo(w)en, wolou; sg.3 walweth, etc. & walwet, whallit; pl. walwen, etc. & walwit; ppl. walwing(e, etc. & (NWM) waloande, (error) walynde; p.ppl. walwed, etc. & iwalwed, whalwid. |
Etymology | OE wealwian, walwian to roll, pl. wealowigen. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. biwalwen v., welwen v.(2).
1.
(a) To turn oneself over and over, usu. while prostrate, roll on the ground;
(b) to toss and turn in bed, lie awake restlessly; ~ in bed, ~ to and fro;
(c) to writhe about, usu. while affected by grief, pain, etc., be prostrated;—also refl.; ben walwed;
(d) to proceed by undulating or sidewise motion, wriggle, squirm; also, move about so as to make oneself comfortable, nestle [1st quot.]; insinuate oneself [quot. ?c1430]; ppl. walwinge as adj.: ?running sidewise;
(e) with diminished force: to flounder about, move clumsily or awkwardly, totter; ppl. walwinge, ?swinging, swaying;
(f) fig. to be turned over and over (in the mind);
(g) to move (one's tongue) confusedly or awkwardly; ppl. walwinge, ?rolling one's food or one's utterance around in the mouth, mumbling through a mouthful of food.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4278 : In the floor, with nose and mouth tobroke, They walwen as doon two pigges in a poke, And vp they goon and doun agayn anoon.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)289a/a : The yrchoun…is a beste y-hiled wiþ prikkes harde and scharpe…and schakeþ doun grapes…and…walweþ þer vpon, and stikeþ his prikkes þer Inne.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1142 : Þai wrythyn and wrystill togederz, Welters and walowes ouer within þase buskez.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)189 : Of the movnteyn bothe downe gan they pase…They tornyd xxxii tymys, In armys walloyng fast.
b
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1085 : Whan he was with his wyf abedde ybroght, He walweth and he turneth to and fro.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2347 : Achille…hevy was al þe next nyȝt, In his bed walwynge to and fro.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1166 : This noble queene unto hire reste wente…She waketh, walweth [vr. walwithe], maketh many a breyd.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)71 : Thus ilke nyught I walwyd to and fro, Sekyng reste.
- a1450(?1420) Lydg.TG (Tan 346)12 : Wiþin my bed for sore I gan me shroude…The long nyȝt waloing to and fro.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)327/33 : Sir Bewmaynes had no reste, but walowed and wrythed for the love of the lady of that castell.
- a1500 As I walkyd vppon (Hnt HM 183)101 : Gula is a grevys gall…He rayvith my rest one my bed…I walow and weyd as a worme yn a wall, I may nott slepe tyll I haue shamely shed.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)17/102 : Whan I shulde slepe, I walowe and I thinke…Thus combred, I seme that al folk had me mased.
c
- c1300 SLeg.MPChr.(LdMisc 108)227 : So þat child ore louerd isai, a doun it fel to grounde, Walewede and grennede with þe teth.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2585 : A soȝenyng þanne ful hure oppone, & gan to walwe & wende.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 9.19 : Whanne he hadde seyn him, anon the spirit troublide him; and he, cast doun in to the erthe, was walewid [L volutabatur], frothinge.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.699 : This nys naught…the nexte wyse To wynnen love…To walwe [vrr. wolow, walow] and wepe as Nyobe the queene.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.30/1 : For the gretnes of his doloure he was turmentid and in-to dyuers parties he walowid hymself yn the pament.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.50/4 : The virgyne fyll doune yn-to erth owte of her wytte and with a grete passion yn her body was tormentid…wallowynge ofte and aȝene turnyng with ynordynate gesture of her lummys.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)68/13 : Whan þei cam vp on-to þe Mownt of Caluarye, sche fel down þat sche mygth not stondyn ne knelyn but walwyd & wrestyd wyth hir body, spredyng hir armys a-brode, & cryed wyth a lowde voys.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)3911 : Thou shalt walwyn in helle feere And euyrmoor wepyn & be sory.
- a1500 Aboue all thing (Roy 17.B.47)p.262 : The beggers eke in euery strete Ly walowyng by the wey.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)438 : Many a wounded wyght walowed þere.
d
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1606 : A ffox him may ffynde a stey and a turtle a nest al-so Whar-ynne hi sitte mowe & walwy & hare ese do.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.Barlaam (Vrn)510 : A Dragoun lay, Wiþ open Mouþ, a Mon to swolwe, Al redi was, and gon to walwe.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)302b/a : The fox hatte vulpes and haþ þat name as it were walowynge feet a syde [L volubilis pedibus] and goþ neuere forþ right but alway aslont and wiþ fraude.
- (c1400) Higd.(1) (Hrl 1900)537 : He arayed hym to bed with his wif and feled a dym thing and a sad walwe bitwene hym and his wif.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Antichr.(1) (Corp-C 296)261 : Sathanas ordeyned þes newe sectis…& groundiþ in hem pride, enuye, coueitise, glotonye, lecherie, & ypocrisie to walwe among þe peple & stire hem bi word & ensaumple to be vnstable in þe feiþ.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)226/1 : Loþe had he byn forto haue seen wormes and grubbes walewe yn þat blessyd full wombe.
e
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)587/33 : Þe maidens he wende cluppe & cusse…He clupte & custe þe crokkes…Þat stode þere vnwasse somme, among hom he walwede faste.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)421/10 : Mi witte is waste nowe in wede; I walowe, I walke, nowe woo is me.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)465 : A tabernacle in þe tour atyred was riche, Piȝt as a paueloun, on pileres of seluere A which of white seluere walynde [?read: walwynde; vr. walowid] þer-ynne On four goions of gold.
f
- c1400 *Trev.Higd.(Tbr D.7)205a : Y praye þat hyt greue ȝow noȝt þey mageste þeyȝ ich telle ȝou openlyche what haþ longe tyme ywalwed jn myn herte.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)131.429 (v.2:p.351) : In the collocutorye or the parlour, askyd whereof the deuyl temptyd frers, anon he walwyd hys tounge al aboutyn hys mouth and maad an vnsauery confuhs noyse.
g
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)63 : Let neuer þy cheke be Made to grete With morselle of brede…Yf any man speke þat tyme to the, And þou schalle onsware, hit wille not be But waloande, and a-byde þou most.
2.
(a) To roll oneself over and over in dirt, mud, etc.; roll back and forth (in a substance) so as to be covered with it, wallow;—also refl.; also, fig. indulge oneself unrestrainedly; wallow (in sinful pleasures, depravity, etc.);
(b) to roll (sth.) over and over (in a substance); ben walwed, of a fish: be steeped (in a sauce); fig. of a person: be entirely wrapped (in the clay of sin, love);
(c) to welter (in blood), be drenched; ben) walwed, be) drenched (in blood); also, fig. be immersed (in the blood of Christ) [1st quot.].
Associated quotations
a
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)37 : Sume men ladeð here lif on etinge and on drinkinge, alse swin þe…secheð to þe fule floddri, and þaron waleweð.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)126/17 : We waleweþ ase zuyn hyer beneþe ine þise wose of þise wordle.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2328 : Þe Amyral…walwede þanne on þe dyche.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)4503 : For mon þat waleweþ al in ȝeles…Þouȝe he haue frend þat is in wo, Ofte he is forȝeten so.
- c1400 Bk.Mother (Bod 416)92/19 : Seint Petur seiþ þat þei ben…as sowes þat walewen hemself in þer owne drit.
- (1415) Hoccl.Oldcastle (Hnt HM 111)318 : Good is to doone Þat yee aryse out of your errour soone, Þat there-in walwid han goon is ful yore.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)301/14 : Þou þat art wors þan he walowist þereynne as an hogge in þe myre.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Satan & C.(Corp-C 296)217 : Þe fend stiriþ men…to walwe in glotonye & drounkenesse as swyn in þe feen.
- a1450 Hilton Epistle CF (Add 33971)318/286 : Ylk a man þat lange tyme walkes in synne and walows hym þare-in, he walkes in myrknes.
- c1475(c1399) Mum & S.(1) (Cmb Ll.4.14)1.27 : Graceles gostis, gylours of hem-self…walwed in her willis.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.167 : He þat waloweth amonge coole or piche, Ofte tymes it woll shewe suche.
- c1475 Rwl.Prov.(Rwl D.328)p.125 : Þer þe hors whallyt, þer sum herris fallyt.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)425 : Bringing in of siche vikeris…makiþ persouns aboue more hardy to walowe in synne.
- a1500 Kype and save (Hrl 116)p.316 : Kype and save, and thou schalle have…Walow and wast, and thou schalle want.
b
- c1450(a1400) Orolog.Sap.(Dc 114)375/16 : What schalle falle of vs þat ben walwed euery daye in þe claye of synnes?
- a1500(c1380) Chaucer Rosem.(Benson-Robinson)17-18 : Nas never pyk walwed in galauntyne As I in love am walwed and ywounde.
- ?a1500 Henslow Recipes (Henslow)21/21 : Take a stalke of malwe and wete hit in hony…and þenne walewe þe style in þe poudre þat hit cleue þer-to alle aboute.
c
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)164/3 : Þe soule…is oonyd and whalwyd in þe blessid blood of þe holy lomb.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3838 : Sir Wawayne…woundis of thas wedirwyns with wondirfull dyntes…All walewede one blode thare he awaye passede.
- (1471) Rec.Throne Edw.IV (Roy 17.D.15)p.277 : To London com the kyng…Levyng behynde hym many a dede man…Sum waloyng in blood, sum pale, sum wan.
3.
To convey (sth.) by turning it over repeatedly; roll (sth.) along the ground; trundle (sth., sb.); ?also, send (sth.) tumbling down an incline, set rolling [quot. a1425(c1395), 1st]; ~ awei (to).
Associated quotations
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.27.60 : Joseph…walowid to [L advolvit] a grete stoon at the dore of the biriel.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 16.4 : Thei biholdinge syȝen the stoon walewid awey.
- c1390(?c1350) SVrn.Leg.(Vrn)84/1331 : Þis messagers gret ȝiftus ȝauen Seint Austines bodi forte hauen, And forþ wiþ hem þei gonne hit walwe, Til þei come to þe toun of Janwe.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judg.7.13 : O loof of barly bakun vndur the aischis was walewid [WB(1): to be trendlid; L volvi], and cam doun in to the tentis of Madian.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Judith 13.10 : Sche…walewide awei [WB(1): turnede out; L evolvit] his bodi heedles.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Prov.26.27 : He that delueth a diche, schal falle in to it; and if a man walewith [WB(1): ouirturneþ; L volvit] a stoon, it schal turne aȝen to hym.
- a1425 LOL (Wnds E.I.I)89/15 : Ioseph…walwede a greet stoon to þe dore of þe sepulcre.
- 1448 *Glo.Chron.C (Arms 58:Kooper)f.171v : Þourgh necligence of women attendyng aboute his moder, foryetyng hym, he was walwed into the strawe that was by, and had caught his ij hondes so full therof that vnnethe withoute grete harme me myght delyuere hit oute of his hondes; Wherfor muche folke demed he shulde wexe to summe grete anoure of worldes richesse.
4.
(a) To rise up in rolling waves or swells, surge, well up; ~ abouten (up); ppl. walwinge as adj., of winds: whirling;
(b) to rise and fall with the waves, pitch or bob about in or on the sea; ppl. walwed, tossed about by waves;—used in fig. context;
(c) to cause (the sea) to rise, stir up; ~ up.
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)1345 : Þe wawes walwede a-geyn þe wal a sper schaft lengþe & more.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)9.36 : Þe goodes in þis world ben lyk þis grete wawes, Riht as wyndes and watres waleweþ [vr. walwit] aboute.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3616 : Hym thynketh verrailiche that he may se Noes flood come walwyng as the see, To drenchen Alison.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)5.70 : Venym, & verious, or vynegre I trowe, Walewiþ [vr. walwet] in my wombe & waxiþ as I wene.
- a1425 Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Wel 225)67/378 : Wykkyt humors…flowes & walows about in þe body & in þe veynes.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.6.9 : Thei doon as greet damages and destrucciouns as doothe the flaumbe of the mountaigne Ethna whan the flaumbe walweth up.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4064 : Seldom is þe see with him-selfe turbild, Bot with þir walowand windis.
b
- c1350 NPass.(Rwl C.655)128/127* : Þey left here bot anon, Þar nettes walweþ þat ssolde hem fede, And at word wiþ ihesu ȝede.
- c1350 St.Greg.(Cleo D.9)66/371 : Hij seien a bat come walwynge.
- ?a1425 Orch.Syon (Hrl 3432)115/19 : Þei lyuen in grete peynes, walowid in þe flood þat lediþ to þe watir of deeþ.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)557 : Thedyr came Diana…And so dyd Neptunus…Walewyng with hys wawes & tomblyng as a ball.
c
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.m.7.3 : The truble wynd that hyghte Auster, turnynge and walwynge [vr. waluynge] the see, medleth the heete (that is to seyn, the boylynge up fro the botme).
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.59 : The wood sotheren wynd…waloweth [vr. walueth] vp þe see wiþ huge might.