Middle English Dictionary Entry
swīven v.
Entry Info
Forms | swīven v. Also swive, swiwen, swife; p. swive(d(e, swifed; ppl. swive(d(e. |
Etymology | OE swīfan |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. oferswifen v.
1.
(a) To have sexual intercourse, copulate; smal-swivinge men, men who copulate infrequently; (b) to have sexual intercourse with (a woman); (c) ~ to child, to make (a tree) fruitful.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Co.(Manly-Rickert)A.4422 : A compeer..hadde a wyf that held for contenaunce A shoppe, and swyued [vrr. swyfed, swiue, swyvyng; pleyed] for hir sustenaunce.
- c1440 Lyarde (Thrn)2.280 : Smale swywynge menne thedir salle be fettyne.
- c1440 Lyarde (Thrn)2.281 : Bot if he may wele swyfe..Twyse or thrise at the leste on a schorte somer nyghte..thane he salle the habete take.
- c1440 Lyarde (Thrn)2.282 : Thane smalle swywynge menne sett up a crye.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Manly-Rickert)H.256 : On thy bed thy wif I sey hym swyue [vrr. swy etc.; greve, entreve].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3850 : Thus swyued [vrr. serued, chaped] was the carpenteres wyf.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4178 : Yon wenche wol I swyue [vrr. schryue, dyght].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4266 : I haue thries in this shorte nyght Swyued [vrr. Swyuede; Pleyed with, Schyfed] the milleris doghter bolt vpright.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4317 : His wyf is swyued [vrr. swyue; dight] and his doghter als.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Mch.(Manly-Rickert)E.2378 : He swyued [vrr. swyuede; dide] thee.
- c1415 Chaucer CT.Mcp.(Lnsd 851)H.312 : Ne telleþ neuere no man in ȝoure lif Howe þat anoþere man haþ swyved [Heng: dight] his wif.
- a1425 Al es bot (Glb E.9)60 : Scho eges hire be lyfe To take hire a ȝong swayn þat wil mai hire swyfe.
- a1500 And a woman (RwlPoet 34)2 : A woman off hauntyng moode, Blythly sche wyll be swyuyd.
- a1500 Flen flyys (Hrl 3362)p.91 : Fratres cum knyvys goth about and txxkxzv nfookt xxzxkt [read: suuiuyt mennis uuyuis].
c
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)11.89 : In this maner do swyue A bareyn tre to childe [L steriles arbores vberantur].
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Correction for sense (c): The reading of both MSS texts is thrive; swive comes from a gloss "swyue auctor dicit".
Note: Apparently, originally taken from vr. Latin MS, omitting "velut coitu"--which glossator is attempting to restore with an appropriate rhyme word; "thrive" does not read well here--perhaps this is just a filler = "in this manner, do well". Current thinking, though MED thriven v. not yet in print, is that "thrive" problem called glossator's attention to the line. No meaning of thriven yields "to cause," which is wanted here. If a filler, it can be rejected, leaving all possibilities to swiven.
Note: Latin: Hoc enim velut coitu steriles arbores vberantur; Latin vr.: Hoc modo steriles.--previous notes per MM
Note: If we want to keep this quot. under swiven v., there needs to be a stencil for the Latin gloss. MED chīlden v. sense 2.(b) "to bear fruit" has this as its only quot., which may be used here with the proper Latin gloss stencil, since there is more context: Swyue [DukeH d.2: To their rootis..oildregges kest..in this maner do thryue A bareyn tre to childe.]--per MLL
Note: This quot. not found in MED thriven v.