Middle English Dictionary Entry
bẹ̄ten v.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | bẹ̄ten v.(2) Also bæten, beote, beyt & bet(ten. Forms: sg. 3 bẹ̄teth, bẹ̄t; p. bet(te, beit; ppl. bet(te, bẹ̄t(e, beit. |
Etymology | OE bētan; bētte; ME betten prob. from bet better. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. bote amends, etc.
1.
(a) To mend (sth.), repair; ~ nettes, repair fishing nets; (b) to remedy (an evil condition); comfort (sorrow), cure (disease or bodily disorder), relieve (hunger, thirst, need), mitigate (excessive heat); (c) ~ bale(s, to remedy an evil (or evils), relieve (someone's) suffering or sorrows; -- also refl.; (d) to help (sb.), save, release (from sth.); ~ of bale, save from evil or sorrow.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)83 : He com and bette þe ne brec nefre.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)215 : Þat me niwe cloðes oðer elde bete.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)5941 : Letten þa kinges..bæten þa walles þe þer weoren to-brokene.
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)92 : Ðus his sigte he beteð.
- ?a1300 Jacob & J.(Bod 652)201 : Al þat euere Eue brac in paradis, Oure leuedi hit bette.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.4.21 : He..say tweyn other bretheren..beetynge [WB(2): amendynge; L reficientes] her nettis.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)8.30 : Beete [B: do bote to] Brugges a-Boute þat to-Broke were.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.3927 : Pipen he koude and fisshe and nettes beete.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)1.302 : Beetinge þer nettes to take fishe.
b
- a1131 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1131 : Þa scyrte ða flesc mete & se ceose & se butere. God hit bete þa his wille beð.
- ?a1200(OE) Hrl.MQuad.(Hrl 6258B)12/3 : Wið oferslæpe..wunderlice hyt beteð.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)4/5 : Heo mid alle forwurðon mosten, buten he heom heore þurst beten wolde.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)64 : Alle forenn..Till helless þeossterrnesse..Acc son se time comm þærto þatt Godd itt wollde betenn.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)157 : Ho iseȝen hore emcristene..and bi heore mihte, hore node bette.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)9 : Help þe hauelease, and on alle wise bet þin emcristene nede.
- ?a1300 Fox & W.(Dgb 86)276 : He wende bete his nede.
- a1350 Nou skrynkeþ (Hrl 2253)36 : Nis þer no leche so fyn oure serewes to bete.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3960 : Þou hast..bet al myn harmes.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)7.224 : He schal go..begge, and no mon beete his hunger.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.421 : If so be that they wolde yeuen swich..clothynge to the pouere folk, it is nat..suffisant to beete hire necessitee.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)136a/b : A cloude Iset bitwene vs and þe sonne swagiþ and betiþ þe hete þerof.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2156 : Þat es of him o quas sede Was he born þat beit [Frf: bette; Göt: bett] our nede.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)3279 : Scho þat sal bete my threst.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)4766 : Iacob ne wist hu þair hunger to bett.
- c1400 PPl.C (Dgb 171)12.60 : Bete [Hnt: Preyeres han no power thees pestelences to lette].
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.665 : Al his craft ne koude his sorwes bete.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)1582 : Er he bete þy nede, Justes he will þe bede.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)515 : He ros to lyue a-gayn..For to bete alle oure sorowe.
- a1500(c1370) Chaucer Comp.L.(Benson-Robinson)72 : To do yow ese, or elles bete What so I wiste that were to you [distresse].
c
- a1350 Ichot a burde in a (Hrl 2253)21 : He is papeiai in þyn þat beteþ me my bale.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)3307 : Mi bale þou fond to bet For loue of ysonde fre!
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3167 : Whil i busily buske a-boute, ȝour bales to bete.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)268/604 : His fyndyng bet al heore bale.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)120 : Bale sal I bete Wit mirakel.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3821 : Þat beste, his bales to bete, Likked his maister both hend and fete.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)103 : I salle speke with ȝone spyrete..If I maye the Bales bete.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.28 : That myȝte notte bete my bale.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)990 : Brynge hym to his bed, his bales there to bete.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)515 : How myght our bale best be bett?
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)86/10 : Oyll of mercy I can hym heyt And tyme also his bayll to beytt.
d
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)129 : This forsaid leprous was made hale And blisfulli bet of his bale..For man..Hafd noht ben bette of his bale.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9592 : Þi pite..Aght þi prisun o bandes [Göt: of bandis] bete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13998 : Þe man þat godd will þat be bett..mai nathing lett.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)3279 : Ho þat salle bete me of þreste.
- c1450(?a1400) Chestre Launfal (Clg A.2)971 : Sche myȝte me of my bales bete.
2.
(a) To atone for (a sin, a crime), make amends for; also, shrive oneself, repent; ~ of, make amends for, repent of; (b) to atone for (the sin of sb. else); (c) to assign penance for (a sin), assign penance to (a sinner).
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)52/6 : Þe mon þe ða synne edlæcð þe he ær bette..is..ilice ȝeþeawod þam hunde.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)96/13 : Ðæt he æfre æniȝ sunne wrohte þet he mid þam festen beten þurfte.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6022 : He..riseþþ upp þurrh shriffte & beteþþ sone anan þatt gillt.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)19 : Ȝif we suneged, we hit sculen beote.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)126 : He is wis þe biet and bit and bet bi-fore dome.
- a1225(?c1175) PMor.(Lamb 487)164 : Him her of-þincþ [McC: ofþuȝte] his gult and bet [Dgb: beteð; McC: bette] his misdede.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)71 : Þere we shule tellen alle ure gultes þat we ne hauen noht bet.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)24a : Ȝe schulen iseon in ow seolf, hwet beo ȝet to beten of ower ahne sunnen.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)865 : He mot ar he wende honne Mid teres an mid wope bete.
- ?a1300 Sayings St.Bede (Dgb 86)62 : Oute we owre sunnen leten..and beten Of alle oure misdede.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)78/13 : Seint Matheu is sunnes bette and tok to cristindom.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3637 : Hu ðis folc..sal Betten mis-dedes and clene lif Leden.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7597 : He broȝte vp moni oþer hous of religion also, To bete þulke robberie þat him þoȝte he adde ydo.
- c1330 Harrow.H.(Auch)184 : Wele haue we bet [Hrl: aboht] our sinne.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)279/36 : Heo..seide heo wolde beete hire foly.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Gosp.(Phys-E)10 : Jon..taht the folk thair sine to bete.
- a1450 SLeg.Suppl.Bod.(Bod 779)328/107 : Ȝeue vs space an erþe, oure synnus to beten here.
b
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1204 : Godd, i mon, for monnes bruche bette & eode on bote.
- a1275 Þene latemeste dai (Trin-C B.14.39)101 : Þe king þat on þe holie treo adammes sunnes bette.
- a1350 Harrow.H.(Hrl 2253)229 : Þou, ihesu..woldest come to bete [Dgb: bote] þe sunnes þat Adam þohte suete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)912 : Þat þou..has now mistan, It sal be beit [vrr. bete, bet] wit a womman.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9790 : Na patriarck, na yeitt prophete, Moght be sent adam sin to bete.
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)2546 : Alle þes waies of remedy to bete our first fader syn, Crist assaiet bodily.
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)38/28 : Gif ðe gylt beo diȝle, bet þu hine diȝollice.
3.
(a) To kindle (a fire); set fire to (sth.); (b) to replenish (a fire), add fuel to, mend; (c) fig. to arouse or increase (mirth, strife, treachery).
Associated quotations
a
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)94/1989 : Þe clerkes to þe stage stale And bet [vr. made] a fire.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)760 : Amidde þe halle flore A fir was bet, stark an store.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2292 : Two fyres on the auter gan she beete.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1012 : When bryȝt brennande brondez ar bet þer anunder.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.501 : Me may also doon othir diligence..hit for to warme..Beete vndir fir, so smoke hit may not harme.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)19133 : Rybaudis & cherlis þat betten þe Feer [OF boutoient le feu].
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)714 : Þe kyng..Bade a bole-fur betyn to brennen þe corses.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2862 : Euer me þat fur bette.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25977 : Þe eotene..fusden to hi fure..his fur he beten agon.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.518 : In a bath they gonne hire faste shetten, And nyght and day greet fyr they vnder betten.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)315/231 : Þe fuir in halle he made and bette.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)627 : Quyl I fete sumquat fat, þou þe fyr bete.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1368 : Þer þe knyȝt bidez ful stille, Wyth blys and bryȝt fyr bette.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.8678 : Al þe long nyȝt þei bet her fyres, which brent wonder liȝt.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)439 : He fande..A bryghte fire, wele bett, Brynnande þerby.
c
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)113 : I schall..fulle the vnder my horse fete, Saraȝenes myrthe with the to bete, For þow hase wroghte þam woo.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)290 : Pes schul thei tretyn; Gile under that schul thei betyn.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)104/140 : Ye fysh before the nett, And stryfe on this bett, sich folys neuer I mett.