Middle English Dictionary Entry
spurnen v.
Entry Info
Forms | spurnen v. Also spurn(e, sporne, spournen, sperne, (early) spirnen; p. spurned, etc. & spurnde, spornde, (errors) spronyd, spront. |
Etymology | OE spornan, spurnan; for forms with -e- and -i- cp. OE ætspeornan (sg. ætspyrnþ), ætspyrning ger., & OI sperna. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. dispurnen v.
1.
(a) To stumble, trip, stub the foot; also fig.; ~ at (o, on), stumble or trip over (sth.); bump into (sth.); ~ ayenes, bump into (sth.), strike inadvertently against; (b) in prov. sayings; (c) to stumble in speech; (d) of the foot: to stumble, trip; ~ at, stumble over (a stone); (e) to stub (one's toe or foot); ~ at (til), strike (one's foot) inadvertently against (a stone).
Associated quotations
a
- a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)94/22 : For ofter spyrneð se blinde þone se lochigende, swa eac se þe nat Godes bebodan ofter he synegað, swa swa he nat, þone do se þe heo wat.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)102/14 : Þe englæs..heom scyldæþ wið hearde stane, þet is, deofel, þet heo næfre æt þam ne spurneð.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)97/17 : Þet child ȝef hit spurneð o [Cleo: on] sum þing, oðer hurteð, me beat þet hit hurte on.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)97/22 : Dohter, hurte þes þe? dude he þe spurnen i wreaððe oðer in heorte sar?
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7014 : He spornde [vr. spurnde; B vr. sporned] wiþ is o vot þat he vel almest abrod.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7710 : Par auntre is hors spurnde.
- c1350 NPass.(Rwl C.655)127/65* : God to his angelis aues bede..vor falling þe to ȝeme Þat þow spernes at no ston, Þy fote to hurte.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4280 : The millere sporned [vrr. sporneth, spront; fell, stumblid] at a stoon And doun he fil bakward vpon his wyf.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1279 : Sche hadde on such a chance sporned, That al hire mod was overtorned.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.464 : Drunkeschipe..Doth harm and makth a man to sporne And ofte falle.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)85a/a : Þe blinde..spurneþ ofte in pleyne way & stomleþ.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)278a/b : Þough his [mad dog's] yhen ben opene, ȝit he stombleþ and sporneþ aȝeins alle þinge þat he meteþ.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Jer.31.9 : Y schal brynge hem..in a riȝtful weie, thei schulen not spurne [WB(1): stumble] therynne.
- (c1449) Pecock Repr.(Cmb Kk.4.26)525 : Lest..the hors were left to his fredom of the bridil he schulde be in perel forto the oftir spurne.
- c1450 In a noon (Lamb 853)11 : I spurned ful soone on my way, Mi leg was hent al with a brere.
- c1450 Wast bryngyth (Add 31042)st.15 : Goddes curse he dose bere Þat so brekes goddes ordynance, He spournes aȝenes his ownne spere.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2862 : I shall make hem spurn & have a sore falle.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(Hrl 2277)526/320 : For euere þe deuel & alle his felonye doþ þenche, & atte laste hi schulle spurne mid here owe wrenche.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)422/15 : I sporne þer I was wonte to spede.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.186 : Quhen thai wald faynest speid, that thai may spurn.
c
- ?c1335 Elde makiþ me (Hrl 913)p.171 : I spitte, i spatle, in spech i sporne.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)363 : Ne worþe no wrathþe vnto my Lorde, If rapely [I] raue, spornande in spelle.
d
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)102/6 : Heo þe on heoræ handen habbæð þet ðin fot ne ðurfe forðon æt stane spurnen.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2102 : The fot which in the weie sporneth, Fulofte his heved hath overthrowe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3575 : Quen þat sua bicums ald..þan es eth þe fote to spurn.
e
- a1325 SLeg.(Corp-C 145)79/27 : Hi rideþ up hore palfrei leste hi sperne hore to.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)90.12 : In handes þai sal þe bere on-ane, Þat thurgh hap þou ne spurn [L offendas] þi fote til stane.
- a1450 PNoster R.Hermit (Westm-S 3)50/32 : Who so renneþ swiþe, he spurneþ his feet & hurteþ hym ere he lest wene.
- c1450 Whanne marye was greet (Lamb 853)76 : Aungils in hondis schullen beere þee, Lest þou spurne þi foot at a stoon.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)120/144 : I may lyghtly repent, My toes if I spurne.
2.
(a) To kick or strike with the foot; -- in prov. sayings; also, drum or kick (with the heels); also, of a bird: claw, scratch; (b) to kick (sb. or sth.); push (sth. with the foot); strike (the ground) with the hoofs; trample (sb.); ~ doun, kick (sth.) down; (c) to rush, dash; ~ oute; (d) to strike (with a spear).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)21036 : A quile he spurned with his heles, And sone opon he yialde þe gaste.
- ?a1425(c1390) Chaucer Truth (Benson-Robinson)11 : Be war also to sporne ayeyns an al; Stryve not, as doth the crokke with the wal.
- ?a1450 Poem Hawking (Yale 163)62 : A smalle hede loke that she [hawk] haue, A large sote [read: fote] to sperne wyth-all.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)14459 : Hard ys to sporne ageyn an hal, Or a crokke a-geyn a wal.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.B.2212 : Who sporneth ayenst a thorn, I holde hym madde.
- a1500(1471) *Ripley CAlch.(Ashm 1486)381 : Harde it is with yyn bare fote for to sporne agaynste a blade of yryne or stele newe acuate.
- c1500(a1449) Lydg.Aesop (Trin-C R.3.19)109 : Chaunceleer..On a small donghyll to fynde a good repaste Gan scrape & sporne & fast about gone.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Amis (Auch)2092 : He spurned him wiþ his fot.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.429 : He syh..A wether, which the ground hath sporned.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.616 : He with his feet wol sporne doun his cuppe.
- c1400(a1349) Rolle MPass.(1) (Cmb Ll.1.8)21/58 : Þei spurned þe with here feet, os þou hadde been a dogge.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(1) (NY 12)103b/a : Þat þer be put a fast clwe vnder þe armehole And..be it sporned [L impingatur] strongli with a fote in drawyng þe arme to byneþeward.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1083 : Vpon þe brest þe lyoun he spurnyd, þat al aboute þe lyoun turnyd.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)550 : He dispysede it [font] and spitte and spournede [vr. spronyd] it to the erthe.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.19.12a : Þou wuldest ben wel paied for to ben troden and spurned vndir euerilk mannes foot als a þing whilk is out cast.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)199 : Galashin with his fote spurned [F boute] his body to grounde.
c
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)786 : Now aithire stoure on þar stedis strikis to-gedire, Spurnes out spakly with speris in hand.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3898 : Gomes with þaire greues in twa in þe gledis spurned.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)6796 : Þe shipp agayn to land spurned.
d
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4744 : The grekes..With speris full dispitiously spurnit at the yates.
3.
In comb.: spurne-water (?wet), naut. a timber or raised channel at the edge of a deck to repel water.
Associated quotations
- (1337-8) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 195 : In meremio pro spurnewetis [?read: spurnewetris] et Chestrewys ac j Retherpece.
- (1347-50) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 195 : En vn piece de mesrime achat' pour spornewateres as ditz escomers.
- (1399-1401) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 196 : In iij c clauis grossis..expend' in firmacione del spurnewaters dicte balengere.
- (1422-7) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 196 : In diuersis dobles et spornewatris et aliis diuersis rebus.
4.
To reject (sb. or sth.) with contempt, despise.
Associated quotations
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Lev.26.15 : Ȝif ȝe spurne [alt. from: despise; WB(2): forsaken; L spreveritis] my lawys..y þenne þes þyngys shal do to ȝow.
- (1435) Misyn FL (Corp-O 236)44/19 : Þe vertew þerfore of owr lyfe in þis standis: þat, vanite spisyd & spurnyd, to trewth vnpartyngly we draw.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3533 : We sall neuer spise ȝow ne sporne, in speche ne in dede.
- c1425 Wycl.Antichr.(2) (Dub 245)p.cxxxiii : Crist cam to þe seeke..whenne þei wolden amende hem; þei spurnen hem & senden aftur hem, be þei neuer so pore.
5.
In surnames.
Associated quotations
- (1195) in Pipe R.Soc.n.s.6172 : Alanus Spernecurteis.
- (1237) Close R.Hen.III3 : Hugo Spurnestan.
- (1274) Close R.Edw.I98 : Augustine Spurnewater.
- (1286) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)1.396 : Richard Spornecorteys.
- (1303) Close R.Edw.I25 : John Sperneprud.
- (1313) Nickname in LuSE 55168 : Joh. Spurnestan.
- ?c1382 Survey Hatfield in Sur.Soc.32176 : Gilbertus Spurnhare.