Middle English Dictionary Entry

sẹ̄chen v.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

Note: Cp. isechen v.
1.
(a) To look for (sb. specific), try to find (sb. meeting certain requirements); ~ after (for); (b) to look for (sth., sth. suited to a purpose, the whereabouts of sth.), try to find; ~ for, hunt for (food); sought cite, the proposed destination; (c) to try to find (opportunity, means, etc. to do sth., that sth. be done); ~ aventure (bataille, pleie, etc.), seek an adventure (a battle, etc.) in which to engage; ~ him-self, be self-seeking; ~ min (oure, theire) best, seek my (our, their) fortune; ~ occasioun ayenes, seek a quarrel with (sb.).
2.
(a) To search, search about; also, go hunting, hunt; ~ abouten enviroun, search throughout (the battle formations); ~ togeder; (b) to search (a place, ship), explore; ~ erthe (forest), traverse the earth (forest); ~..if, search (a place) to see if (sth. is so); ~ up, pillage (a city); (c) in hyperbolic statements; also in comparisons.
3.
(a) To make an investigation; investigate (sth.), examine, study; try to find out (sth., how to do sth.); also, discover (sth.), calculate; also, be inquired into [1st quot.]; ~ abouten, make an investigation, do research; ~ after (oute), investigate (sth.); ppl. sought, to be analyzed [quot.: Okure þrow]; (b) to scrutinize (one's deeds, misdeeds), examine; of God: scrutinize (sb., his deeds, sins) with a view to reward or punishment; of a priest, etc.: ascertain (someone's faults); ~ conscience (herte, in herte), examine one's conscience; ~ hertes and reines (reines and hertes); (c) to examine (a wound, its symptoms, the condition of a fistula, etc.), probe; examine (a wounded man); dig into (a hill), probe (earth to test firmness or undermine walls); carve up (a fowl); (d) in phrases used as metrical fillers: if that thou wilt hit ~, if hit (soth, treuth) be souȝt, whoso list to ~, etc.
4.
(a) To ask a question; ask (sth.), ask about; ask who was (the culprit); ask (how sb. is, what sth. means, whether sth. is so, etc.); ~ after (for), make inquiries about (sth.); ~ at (of, on), question (sb.), interrogate; ~ at (o), question (sb.) about (sth.), ask (sth.) of (sb.); ppl. sechinge as adj.: questioning, probing; (b) to look (in a book, in a document, on a scale); read (an author, a book), consult; search (the Scriptures); look for (a passage in a book, material in a book), look up; look up (a reading on a scale); find out (sth. from a book); ~ oute (up), look up (a passage in a book); (c) to ponder, reflect; consider (sb. or sth.), give heed to, think about, regard; ~ abouten, consider (who shall do sth.); ~ of (to, upon), think about (sth.), consider; (d) to devise (sth.), contrive; plan (how to do sth.), plot; ~ up; (e) to invent (sth.), compose.
5.
(a) To ask for (sth.), request; pray for (sth., a child); (b) to require (sth.), demand, exact; demand an accounting for (sth.); ~ oute, exact requital for (sth.); ?also, demand an account (from sb.) [last quot.]; (c) to beg for (sth.); ~ of, beg for (sth.); (d) to make an appeal; appeal to (sb., God), beseech; entreat (sb. or God for sth., to do sth.); ~ on, appeal to (sb., God); ~ to, appeal to (sb. or sth., sb. for sth.); ~ upon, put pressure on (sb.), press; (e) ~ at (of), to ask (sth.) from (sb., God, sth.); ~ mid, ask (sth.) from (sb.); ~ to, ask (sth.) from (an idol); also, require (sth.) from (sb.); ~ amendes of, in fig. context: demand reparations from (one's heart).
6.
(a) To strive for (sth.), try to obtain; try to achieve or effect (sth.); (b) ~ after (for), to try to obtain (sth.), try to achieve (sth.); ~ blod (destruccioun, lif, soule), try to take (someone's) life; ~ deth, try to take (someone's) life; also, seek (one's own) death in battle; ~ deth upon, kill (oneself); ~ the chaunge of othere der, of a deer: try to mingle its scent with that of other deer; (c) to try (to do sth.); endeavor to bring it about (that sth. happen); ~ oute; (d) to strive for (salvation, eternal life, the kingdom of God, etc.); -- also without obj.; strive to attain to (God, Christ), try to find; also, try to know about (God and the apostles); (e) to wish for (sth.), long for, want; wish (to do sth.); ~ for, desire (a woman); what sekest thou (seken ye), what do you want?; ppl. sought as adj.: sought after, desired; (f) to choose (sth., one's time); prefer (to do sth.); (g) to worship (God); also, wait upon (the Lord), attend; ~ til; ppl. sechinge as noun: people who worship.
7.
(a) To practice (virtue, folly), engage in; pursue (evil); fulfill (one's wish); undertake (labor); -- also without obj.; ~ til, perform (an evil deed); ~ to, practice (good); (b) to make use of (sth.), employ; indulge in (luxuries); ~ craft or gile to, use guile against (sb.); (c) to bring (sth.) about, effect, cause; ~ after, make for (disaster), head for (trouble); ~ folie on, injure (sb.); also, do (sth. foolish) to (sb.); ~ on (to), cause (harm) to (sb. or sth.).
8.
(a) To pursue (sb. or sth.), chase; also fig.; ~ after; (b) to proceed with hostile intent toward (sb. or sth.), attack, persecute; also fig.; also refl. & fig. [last quot.]; -- ?error for sellen v.5.(e); ~ ayen (ayenes, upon); ~ of, attack (sb.); ~ on, attack (sb.); also, assault (a woman); also, ?attack in (the other direction); ~ thurgh (in), ?attack in (another or the same direction); (c) to invade (a country); (d) of disease, sorrow, etc.: to afflict (sb. or sth.).
9.
(a) To go to get (sb. or sth.), come to get; get (sth.), fetch; rescue (sb.); ~ sighe, heave a sigh; (b) to obtain (sth.), get, take; also, recruit (sb.) [quot.: c1300]; ~ oute, take out (sth.); (c) to find (sb. or sth.), discover; ~ for, search out (sb.); ~ oute (up), search out (sb. or sth.), hunt up; (d) for) to ~, unavailable, not to be found, inadequate; to ~ with, ?unfamiliar with (women), at a loss with, unsuccessful with; fer to ~, far away; not longe for to ~, soon found; ben sought, to be found, be; ben as ful sought, be as wholly available.
10.
(a) To visit (sb., mankind, a tomb, etc.); also fig.; journey to see (sb.); go to attend (a dead person); ~ after, go to consult (a physician); ~ to, visit (sb., a sickbed) with comfort; ~ unto, approach (sb.); (b) to go to (a place), journey to; resort to (a place); visit (the world, churches, synagogues); of a medicinal herb: make its way to (a wound, an injured bone); ~ botme, fall to the bottom; ~ ground, ~ to erthe (ground), fall dead; ~ se, put to sea; ~ the south, go south; ~ water, fall into the sea; ~ wei, ?make one's way; (c) to make a pilgrimage; visit (a shrine, relic), go to (church); also fig. [quots.: PPl.B 5.58 & PPl.Z]; ~ to, go to (church, confession); (d) to pay a visit to (sb.), call on; go to stay with (sb.); ~ on, impose oneself on (sb); ~ to, ?take refuge with (sb.); ~ unto, come to join (sb.).
11.
(a) To come, go, travel; ~ after, make for (harbor); ~ doun, journey downward; ~ forth (oute), go out; also, set out; ~ on sonder, part company, separate; ~ up, make for (Thanet); also, ?aim for a depth of (six fathoms); (b) with nonpersonal subj.: to pass, go; also, fall; ~ ayen, return; ~ doun, of the sun: set; ~ up, spring up; ben sought, go; (c) to reach, attain; penetrate; ben sought, have arrived; ppl. sought, arrived, in position; (d) ben sought, to have gone away; also, be far away, be missing; ppl. sought as adj.: gone; (e) to send (sb.), dispatch.
12.
In proverbs and prov. comparisons.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1500(1439) Lydg.Sts.AA (Lnsd 699)1.1102 : Not aftir long, oonly bi goddis grace, Of knyhtly favour souht oportunyte, To gete a tyme, a leyser, & a space.
  • Note: New spelling
  • c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)253/24 : Ȝiff we shuld suche aftur holynes amonge gentilmen of wurshipp, it is not as it was.
  • c1450(c1415) Roy.Serm.(Roy 18.B.23)270/8 : Lat vs, þan, suche aftur þe thirde vey, ȝiff þat it be prophetabull to vs to be still and sey not.
  • c1450 Bk.GGrace (Eg 2006)164/15 : 'Ferste,' he sayde, 'þowe schalle þenke in whate manere frendeschepe and luffe I wente to mete with my enmyes whiche sowȝth me as a thefe ande a mysdoere with swerdys ande stafys to the deyde.'
  • Note: Additional quote(s)
  • a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)37/11 : Mine wyten me sohten, & min mærðe wæs geeacnod.
  • a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)70/5 : Swylce he swutellice his gecorena manode, 'þonne middeneardes witen gelomlæceð, þonne se ege þæs myceles domes byð ateowwod, ahebbeð þonne eower heafde, þæt is, gladieð on eower mode, for þy þonne þes middeneard byð geændod, þe ge ne lufodan; þonne byð gehænde seo alesendnysse & myrhðe þe ge sohten.'
  • a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)78/3 : Þa þa Judees þæt geherdan, þæt Joseph hæfde þæs Hælendes lichame abeden, þa sohten heo hine, & þa twelf cnihtes þe sægden, þæt he nære on derne legere acænnod, & Nichodemus & manega oðre þe ær mid þan Hælende spæcen, & his gode weorc gesegen, & on hine gelefden; ealle þær heo heom sylfen bedigeledan & behyddan buten Nichodemus ane, for þan þe he wæs an ealdor of þan Judeisce folca.
  • a1150(OE) Vsp.D.Hom.(Vsp D.14)130/5 : Sohte þa weste stowe geond eall þiss land on to wunigene, & þa gemette he þurh Godes foresceawunge; seo is wæstdæles þysses landes, ten milen fram Petrocesstowe þa me hatt 'Neotes stoca'; & he him þær wununge getimbrode on swyðe fægeren stowe, & myrige wæterseaðes þær abuten standeð, & þa synden swyðe wynsume of to þycgene.
  • Note: Antedates sense