Middle English Dictionary Entry
lē̆nǧen v.
Entry Info
Forms | lē̆nǧen v. Also lē̆ngen, leng(e, lengh(en & ling(e, lienge. P.ppl. i)lē̆nǧed, ilē̆ngd. |
Etymology | OE lengan, lencg-. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. longen v.(2) & (3).
1.
(a) To lengthen (life, a day, a story, etc.), prolong (pains, a cure, etc.); (b) to stretch (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)13 : Þenne beoð þine daȝes ilenged mid muchele blisse in eorðan.
- a1275(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Trin-C B.14.39)126/518 : Ne mist þu þi lif lengen none wile.
- c1300 11 Pains(2) (LdMisc 108)p.35 : Some bi þe fiet weren an hongue, And some bi heore tresses longue, Heore peynes forto lienge.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)1734 : Of þe mete forto tel..is þe storie for to lenge.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2363 : Wile I na more þe storie lenge.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)198/31 : Yblissed byeþ þe merciuolle..uor þet hi habbeþ ylengd þet lyf of þe poure be hare elmesse.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)166b/b : Þer is doubel superfluite..þe whiche letteþ þe cure and lengeþ it also.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2845 : They myghte lenghen theire lyefe and lossen bott littill.
- a1450 PPl.B (Cmb Dd.1.17)18.300 : Lenged [Ld: I wolde haue lengthed his lyf].
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)74/110 : I am thy lorde..To lengh þi liffe euen as me list.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)2968 : And god of hys gud curtasay lenghed þat day II days space.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)119.5 : Incolatus meus prolongatus est..Wa til me for my wonynge is lenghid.
b
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12408 : To me þou scau þar-of þe tan ende for to drau And þou þe toþur, for I hight þe We sal it lengh [Trin-C: lengþe] a quantite.
2.
(a) To stay, dwell; live or reside (in or at a place), stay or live (with sb.); of a thing: be situated (in a place); -- also refl.; ben lenged, dwell (in a country); ~ in this world, live on earth; ~ in wones, stay indoors [see (b), quot.: Cleanness]; (b) to remain or be (in a state or condition), continue (in an activity); ~ in hate, remain hating, harbor hatred; ~ in laue, live according to (one's) law; ~ in ward, be in (someone's) keeping; in sege ~, remain besieging, continue a siege; with langour ~, remain in sorrow, live sorrowfully; drie ~, remain dry; etc.; (c) to linger, tarry; stay, sojourn; also, delay, procrastinate; ben lenged, be stopped in a journey, stay; (d) to assemble, gather in company; (e) of life, love, sorrow, mercy, poverty, etc.: to continue, abide; remain (with sb.).
Associated quotations
a
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2072 : Mi ladi lengeþ him wiþ for lif or for dede.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2205 : No wiȝt..miȝt wite where þei lenged.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)20 : Feole flowen..in-to Augrippus lond..þere money lenginde weore.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)425 : Þou wast lenged in þe lond þat þat lord ouȝte.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)429 : For þou were a feir child..and wiþ þis mon lengedest.
- c1390 Bi west (Vrn)58 : Þou seȝe me a-mong todes blake, Ful longe in harde prison lyng [rime: þing].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1029 : Qua lenges [Göt: duellis] þar, thar þam noght lang.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8181 : Þe man he ledd forth wit his ost, And all his lijf did wit him leng [Frf: wiþ him to lenge].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12127 : Wat i wel..hu lang þi life sal last, For to be lengand [Trin-C: lyuynge] in þis werld.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)9.7 : Was neuere wiȝt..þat me wisse couþe Where þis lede lengide [vrr. lengith; loggede, duellit].
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)19.416 : Þe contre is þe curseder þat cardynales come Inne; And þere they ligge and lenge moste, lecherye þere regneth.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)772 : Loth lengez in ȝon leede, þat is my lef broþer.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)994 : Loth..his make watz myst þat on þe mount lenged In a stonen statue.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1023 : Þe derk Dede See..is..bitter as þe galle, And noȝt may lenge in þat lake þat any lyf berez.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)261 : Your perle is..in þis gardyn gracios gaye, Hereinne to lenge for euer and play.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)7.158 : Ich haue no lust, leyue me, to lenge [vrr. lyue, dwelle] a-mong monkes.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)10.130 : For hit aren..alle manere mynstrales..To vnderfonge hem faire by-falle for þe ryche, For þe lordes loue and ladies þat þei with lengen.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1893 : Now hym lenge in þat lee, þer luf hym bi-tyde.
- c1425 Castle Love(2) (Eg 927)790 : He wend to haue made him forth ay in hell lengand.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)349 : I sall..take leue to lenge at my large In Lorayne or Lumberdye.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2612 : I was..hawtayne of herte whills I at home lengede.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)45/13 : Alexander..drew nere þe cite of Susis, in þe whilke Darius was lengand the same tyme.
- a1450 ?Audelay The pater noster (Dc 302)216/60 : Ne fore no lykyng ne no lust, wyle we schulde here lyng, Makust to leue þat lyue þat last schal so long.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)456/10 : The missing of my maistir trewe, That lenghis not with vs lastandly Makis me to morne.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)973 : Y haue heylych heyȝt her forto lenge [vrr. ligge, lende, abyde].
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)991 : Her I holde vp myn honde myd hem for to lenge with alle þe here þat I haue, while my herte lasteþ.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)872 : Ȝif we lengede in ȝoure land, ful loþ were oure bestus To..suffre þat tene.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2617 : Þat at longis to lenge on a lell comyns, Shuld propurly be a-preuyt by the pepull hole.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)199 : Me were leuere one this launde lengen a while.
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)283 : Lete Duke Naymes lenge at hame To kepe pareche walles fro schame.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2769 : Lat kest þam apon camels þat in þat kith lengis.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5538 : Þan gert he gomes for to gang & grayth him a tonn..Þat he miȝt sitt in him-selfe &..persee Ane & othire & all þing at outwith it lengid.
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)68 : Þai wolde loke on þat lome, quat lengyd withinne.
- a1500(?a1425) Chester Pl.Antichr.(Pen 399)691 : With lucyfer, that lorde, long shall he lenge.
- c1450 Eglam.(Clg A.2)609 : God gyfe þe ioye of þy chylde, For here may I not lyng.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)1 : Yee þat lengen in londe, lordes and ooþer..Tend yee tytely to mee.
- c1600(?c1395) PPl.Creed (Trin-C R.3.15)310 : Þere we lengden full longe & lyueden full harde.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)843 : Go we loke..what barn þat he be þa in bale lenges.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)961 : My liif, my langor, & my deþ lenges in þi warde.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4499 : Bot ioseph in þat prisun lai, Wit langor lengand and with care.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)24607 : Þus I was in sorou & tene lengande þer þat tide.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)14138 : In his sekenes he lenged [Vsp: languist] so, þat he had no fote to go.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)11.208 : Whanne fisshes faile..þe fresshe watir, Þei diȝe for þe drouȝte, whanne þei dreiȝe lengen.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)412 : Hym aȝtsum in þat ark as aþel God lyked, Þer alle ledez in lome lenged druye.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)779 : Þere in longyng al nyȝt he lengez in wones.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)1119 : God þat juge is of joie haþ jugged ȝou alle To lenge aftur ȝour lif in lastinge paine.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1432 : Happyn [read: Happye] is þe here In no hate lengis, Ne letis bele in his brest wherof bale rises.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12240 : Hit was tretid þat tyme, þo tore kynges bothe Schuld lynge in hor leute.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)418 : Þis ilk Philip þe fyrs þat in þe fiȝt lenges..saȝe, as him thoȝt, Amon his awen god in armes with his qwene.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1029 : Þar a cite he asailes & in sege lengis.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)1144 : He sesyd all þat syde..& þare his tentis settis Be-syde þe cite with a some & in a sege lengys [vr. lengez].
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2192 : He biddis..þat foure bald kniȝtis Suld be lett with him lend & lenge in his weris.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)1682 : Lenge all in your lawe lely togeder.
- a1500 Wars Alex.(Dub 213)2442 : Without þe burgh on a bank beldit he hys tentez, And þar hym-self with a soume in a sege lenges.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)44 : Now let wee þis lued lengen in bliss.
- 1607(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)370/172 : Brethren, I redd vs..that we..with Deuotion, night and day, lenge in our prayer.
- 1607(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)372/9 : Lenge we stiff in our prayer.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)173/16 : Ne abyd naȝt þe to wende to god, ne zech naȝt to lenge..uram daye to daye.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)277 : 'Whi lengest þou,' quod Iosep to his sone, 'so longe?'
- c1390 In a Chirche (Vrn)4 : Me lyked þe seruise wonder wel; For-þi þe lengore con I lynge [rime: Morwenynge, bringe, synge].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1890 : Men sais on messager þat lengs [Frf: lenges] lang to bring answare, He mai be cald..An of messagers corbun.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19798 : O sarmon wald he nawight blin, And lang þer lenged at an in.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)20536 : Thritti winter and sumdel mare I lenged [Göt: linged; Trin-C: lyued], man to wiss in lare.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)1.183 : I may no lengere lenge [vrr. lengen; lendyn, lettyn, duelle].
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)933 : Ȝe lenge and loute To loke on þe glory of þys gracous gote.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)254 : Liȝt luflych adoun & lenge I þe praye, & quat-so þy wylle is, we schal wyt after.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1672 : Þe lorde hym letted of þat, to lenge hym resteyed.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1683 : Þis watz grayþely graunted, & Gawayn is lenged.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)72 : That comlyche conquerour commaundez..Þat ylke a lorde sulde lenge, and no lefe take, To the tende day fully ware takyn to þe ende.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)535 : Bysschop, abyde..And welcome, whyl þat þou wylt lyng [rime: ryng].
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1823 : Antenor vntomly turnet his way Withoutyn lowtyng or lefe; lengit he noght.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4904 : Ne we..Hade not faren so far..Ne so long fro our londes lengit away.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12317 : This grauntid tho grekes..ffawre mones..the men for to lenge.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.38 : That lord schuld leng alle nyȝte.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)655 : When I had lenged [vr. langid] and layne a full longe while, I herde a bogle..blowen full lowde.
- c1475(?c1425) Avow.Arth.(Tay 9:French&Hale)761 : Þe lord lenge wold noȝte, Butte come home qwen him gode thoȝte.
- a1500(?a1425) Ipom.(2) (Hrl 2252)1014 : By heuyn kynge, At this tyme I will not lynge.
- a1500 Awntyrs Arth.(Dc 324)415 : If þou be curteys kniȝte, Late lenge [vrr. Liȝte and leng, lyghte and lende] al nyȝte And tel me þi nome.
- a1500 Degrev.(Cmb Ff.1.6)1356 : Sir Degriuant..lenges all þat day.
d
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1457 : Þe grete lordes of ȝour land beþ lenged now here.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)81 : Gotz forth..Laþez hem alle luflyly to lenge at my fest.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1419 : Þer þe lede and alle his love lenged at þe table.
e
- c1390 In a Chirche (Vrn)53 : Langour schal not euer lynge, And sum tyme plesaunse wol ouer-pas.
- c1390 Treat.Mass (Vrn)58 : Þen most Merci be Mayster most..And lenge wiþ vs in leo and lede Til we beo don out of þat dede.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)42 : For þer as Pouert hir proferes, ho nyl be put vtter, Bot lenge where-so-euer hir lyst, lyke oþer greme.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2162 : May vs noȝt limp, if any life lenge in oire brestis, To couer be cas at a cleke courseris a thousand.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3535 : We sall neuer spise ȝow ne sporne..Quils any blast of oure breth in oure brest lengis.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)3276 : Trew loue shall ther lenge And lende.
3.
(a) To belong; ~ to (in), belong to (an army, a nation); (b) to be dependent; ~ on, rely or depend on (sb.); refl. lean on (one's sword).
Associated quotations
a
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1410 : Þe enbuschement of Bretons..Arrestede of þe Romayns..All þe realeste renkes, þat to Rome lengez.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1624 : Þe awntrouseste men, þat to his oste lengede.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3209 : Make oure ostage at ese..And luk ȝe honden them all that in myn oste lengez.
b
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)4149 : He commande me kyndly..That I schulde lelely one þe lenge and one noo lede ells.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11769 : A, God..who graidly may trist Any lede on to leng, as for lele true, Syn this prest þus priset the pepull to dissayue.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1441 : Turpyn lengs hym on his brande.
4.
To withhold (sth. from sb.), deny (sth. to sb.); also, desist, leave off [quot.: c1450].
Associated quotations
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)194/15 : Ane ine anoþre stede he zayþ, 'ne leng naȝt þine yefþe uram þe nyeduolle.'
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)384 : When þay were skaterede..Alyxandere..ames hym to lenge And fares in-to Fozayne.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)21.19 : Bot thou, lord, lengh noght thi help fra me.