Middle English Dictionary Entry

gọ̄d adj.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

1.
(a) Of persons: good, excellent; skilled (in a profession or occupation), expert; -- also, with proper names; ~ child (moder, sone), good child (mother, son); ~ womman, good woman [euphemism]; ~ and treue; (b) as epithet: the ~; (c) for ~, as excellent, to be good; ~ of, good with respect to (sth.), expert in (a language); ~ to, well able to (do sth.), good at (fighting, etc.), qualified for (an office); (d) in greetings and salutations: good, honorable, worthy; ~ brother, ~ child, ~ dame, ~ fader, ~ sire, etc.; (e) ~ dame, grandmother; ~ sire, grandfather; ~ lord, good lord, excellent ruler; his (your) ~ lordship, his (your) excellency.
2.
(a) Of animals, things: excellent, fine; valuable [quot.: 1466]; (b) ~ ale, good ale; also, strong ale (as opposed to small ale); ~ erthe (lond), fertile land; godes swacches, having a good odor; ~ fir, a hot fire; ~ moneie, standard money; ~ stomak, good digestion; ~ web, fine cloth [OE]; fin and ~, of silver: pure; ~ and laueful (treue, usuel), of money: not debased or mutilated, standard as to value; ~ inough, good enough; haven ~ eie, to have a good eye, keep a sharp lookout; (c) for ~, as being good; ~ ayen, effective against (an ailment); ~ for, good for (sb., sth.), beneficial to, pleasing to (sb.), effective against (a disease); ~ to, good for (sb.), good for (a use or purpose); not ~ for (to), of no use for (sth., doing sth.).
3.
(a) Of abstractions, actions, etc.: good, beneficial, excellent, effective; ~ inough, good enough; nought ~, not good, undesirable; (b) ~ astat, good condition, good fortune; ~ blast, a loud blast; [~ chep, q. v.]; ~ fame (los, name), good name, unblemished reputation, high repute; ~ martirdom, glorious martyrdom; ~ menes, effective means; ~ mind, pious dispostion; ~ spede, success; ~ werk, noble deed; ~ wit, a keen mind; (c) ~ wit, ?the name of a bird; (d) ~ for (to), beneficial to (the eyes); (e) bi (mid, with) ~ right, rightfully, rightly, for good cause; bi ~ resoun, reasonably; (f) in ~ astat (wei), in a favorable position; of God:?in glory or majesty; in ~ degre, in an excellent way or manner; in ~ point (stat), in good condition, healthy, fortunate; (g) in ~ fei (feith), truly, by my faith; (h) for the ~ estat of, for the welfare of (sb.); in ~ entent (thought), with good intentions; of ~ brede (gretnes, swetnes), of proper breadth (size, sweetness); of ~ facioun, well shaped; of ~ mind, of a sound mind; of ~ thought, well disposed, friendly; out of ~ fame, of ill repute; to the ~ spede of, for the success of (sth.); with ~ spede, ?fortunately, ?speedily; with ~ herte, courageously; (i) ben of ~ herte, to have courage, be cheerful; ben of ~ mind, be of sound mind; beren ~ fei, be loyal (to sb.); don ~ servise, serve (sb.) well; haven ~ bourd (game), have great sport; haven ~ mind, remember well; maken ~ wacche, keep a sharp lookout (for sb.); nimen (taken) ~ hede (kepe), pay close attention; taken for ~, accept (sth.) good-naturedly; taken ~ herte, take courage; (j) ~ resoun it wil, rightly, justifiably; it is ~ resoun, it is only reasonable.
4.
In phrases: (a) maken ~, to repay (costs, expenses), repay (sb.), pay for (sth.); atone for a sin or an offense; prove (sth.); save (one's body); maken al ~, make all right, take care of everything; maken ~ for, pay for (sth.), atone for (sth.); (b) semen ~, to seem good (to sb.); sounen ~, sound good (to sb.); thinken ~, seem good (to sb.), seem good; also, to consider (sth.) good; (c) ben ~, impers. with inf. or cl.: ~ is, ~ it is, (it) is ~, it is good, it is well; as ~ is, it is as good, one might as well; ~ is us, it is a good thing for us; him is ~, it would be good for him, he ought; when it is ~ to them, when they see fit; was him nought ~, it was not good for him; ~ were, it were ~, were it ~, it would be good; me ~ were, it would be good for me.
5.
(a) Of persons, souls: righteous, pious, virtuous; ~ womman, a righteous woman; esp., a chaste woman; (b) of an action, emotion, quality, etc.: righteous, pious; ~ dede, ~ werk, an act of piety; ~ lif, a virtuous life; (c) of a day: holy, sacred; ~ Fridai, the Friday before Easter; ~ Twelfthe Dai, the twelfth day after Christmas, Epiphany.
6.
(a) Of persons, of God: kind, benevolent, gentle; (b) ~ lord, kind lord, kind master; also, patron, noble protector; ~ lordship, patronage, assistance of a nobleman; (c) of actions, abstractions, etc.: kind, benevolent; ~ dede, ~ turn, ~ werk, a benefaction, a kindness; ~ grace, favor; ~ herte, ~ nature, graciousness, kindness; ~ thank, good will; (d) friendly, gracious; ~ chere, gracious behavior, friendly entertainment; ~ tonge, gracious manner of speaking; ~ word, kind word, praise; ~ wordes, friendly words; (e) in a ~ manere, graciously, good-naturedly; mid ~ herte, with good will, with friendly intent; mid ~ iwille, with ~ herte, willingly, voluntarily; with ~ chere, cheerfully; with ~ mind, earnestly; (f) ben of ~ chere, to be cheerful; beren ~ mouth, speak graciously, flatter; beren (maken) ~ face, keep cheerful outwardly; given ~ word to, speak pleasantly to (sb.); haven ~ mind, have an earnest desire (to do sth.); haven ~ thank, receive gracious thanks; maken ~ chere, be cheerful; entertain (sb.) graciously; maken ~ semblaunt, make a show of friendliness; (g) beloved; ~ lef, beloved one, sweetheart; ~ wine, dear friend [~ frend, ~ felaue, ~ felaushipe, see frend, felaue, felaushipe].
7.
Fortunate, prosperous, favorable: (a) ~ time, prosperous time; also, high time (that sth. be done); ~ yer, prosperous year; in ~ time, at a fortunate time, fortunately; on a ~ night, on a certain night; [see also ~ dai]; (b) ~ aventure, ~ chaunce, good fortune, good luck; ~ limp, fortunate happening; ~ bleding, favorable for bleeding; (c) ~ end (ending), fortunate outcome (of an adventure, undertaking, lawsuit); also, a good end to life, a Christian or pious death; (d) ~ wind (weder), favorable wind (weather); ~ aspect (plit), of planets or stars: favorable position; (e) in greetings and leave-takings: ~ even, good evening; ~ morwe (morne, morning), good morning; ~ night, haven ~ night, good night, farewell; [see also ~ dai].
8.
(a) Of numbers or quantities: large, great; ~ flok, a large group; ~ parti (pouer), a large army; ~ wone, a great many, a large quantity; (b) of time or distance: long; ~ wone, a long time; ~ stund, ~ throwe, ~ while, (for) a considerable time; ~ wei, a great distance; (c) fast; ~ pas, a fast pace, at a fast pace, rapidly; ~ scour, at great speed; (d) full, entire, complete [cp. OED s.v. good adj., sense 11.(a): "used to emphasize that a quantity, number, etc., is at least as great as, and quite probably greater than, stated"]; ~ inspeccioun, thorough examination; ~ journeie, a full day's travel; in his ~ lif, during his whole life; (e) very; ~ lit, very little; in ~ certain, very certainly; (f) as ~ as, practically, virtually; as ~ to ben, as well off (dead).
9.
(a) In personal names; (b) in names of ships; (c) ?in place names: see Smith PNElem. 1.205.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • c1465(?1373) Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)126/276 (f.17rb) : Also hit is gode [Whytlaw-Gray read: yode] but yf þe seke be in feuerys, drinke þe juis wiþ water oþer with wyne.
  • Note: Additional quote(s)
  • c1400 *Bk.Mother (Bod 416)176/7 : Ho schal noie ȝou ȝif ȝe ben gode-louers? But ȝyf ȝe onyþing suffren for riȝtfulnes, blessud schulle ȝe be.
  • Note: New cpd. ~ lover.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • ?a1500(?a1425) Boeth.Bk.Comfort (BodAuct F.3.5)226/9 : I take in purpos to telle the menynge of hit in Engelische, as nere to the entent of the auttour as I am disposide by grace of the goode lorde aboue.
Note: Phrase ~ lord above.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1500 Mantic Alph.(2) (Ryl Lat 228)488 : F [betokenes] goode blode [L nobilem sanguinem; F saunc de haut home] spilt.
  • Note: New sense = 'noble, high-born'. 'blode' in the phrase refers both to the bodily fluid and to lineage.