Cost Recovery and Destiny: Developing the Appropriateness Matrix
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JEP: The Appropriateness Matrix Sidebar to: COST RECOVERY AND DESTINY
Appropriate Technologies Dealing with the Loss of Limits | |
Without the limits imposed by the (old) print technologies, how do publishers (and authors, and audiences) choose what is appropriate? | |
copyright 1998 Michael Jensen |
Appropriate Technologies Digital Format* | |
Page Image | Good: Fast, cheap, easy, certain of design, integrates well with existing process Bad: Not improvable, not "chunkable," static, hard to index, hard to link to or from, retains page as conceptual model |
"Raw" HTML | Good: Fast, cheap, easy (from WP file), easily indexed by search engines Bad: Usually not pretty, "chunkable" as chapters only, may see higher expectations ("why not better"?) |
Enriched HTML | Good: Fairly easy with minimal investment; easily indexed by outside world; can often be done by typesetters at minimal cost; tailoring for content possible Bad: May face higher expectations; some learning curve; some unpredictable new challenges |
XML Content Coding | Good: Flexible, extensible, future-enhanceable, self-defining Bad: More costly (now), requiring higher quality control, new skill sets |
* Medium—as in CDROM or Web—is ignored as an issue. |
Appropriate Technologies Publishing Purposes | |
Spread Content | Priorities: Lowest reasonable denominator browsers, inexpensive production, externally indexable, standards-based, easy to interconnect Dismissables: Fixity of design? graphical nuancing? intricacy of interface? |
Recover Costs (Profit) | Priorities: Reproducible & extensible production sequence, minimum of labor-intensive steps, highly flexible, rapid to enhance, easy to update, easy to index, easy to secure/ identify in "chunks" for chunk resale Dismissables: Browser level issues? Standards? Startup cost? Integration with outside world? Customer requirements paramount. |
Impress Authors | Priorities: Image, flash, cleverness, sound & light, spin; uniquely appropriate/developed interface to content Dismissables: Cost, time, browser, bandwidth, audience |
Appropriate Technologies Content Demands | |
Deeply Read Work | Priorities : Easy to carry, comfortable to eye, dependability of authority, etc. Speed of transmission, interconnections with other content |
Browser Forage | Priorities: Ease of access, speed of access, degree of integration with rest of world Dismissables?: Depth of content, quality of interconnections, degree of authority |
Reference Work | Priorities: Index strength, ease of customer use, authority of material, consistency of interface Dismissables?: Portability, flash, eye-ease, readability duration |
Appropriate Technologies Personnel Demands | |
Single Specialist | Advantages: Consistency, coherence, focus, middling expense, likely enthusiasm & "weekend work" Disadvantages: All eggs in one basket, idiosyncracy of structure, specialist can be bought/ enticed away, tunnel vision, ego-bound |
Little o' Everyone | Advantages: Less expensive (using "excess time"), higher stability (more baskets) Disadvantages: Herding cats, consistency of structure, weak links, non-coherent presentation, internal pettinesses |
Specialized Staff, Outsourcing | Advantages: Professionalism, consistency & repeatability, coherent expansion route Disadvantages: Expensive, possibly less direct control, knowledge required to manage |
Appropriate Technologies Publisher Options | |
Traditional | Advantages: Validation, professionalism, predictable quality, better marketing & distribution, copyediting, possible royalties Disadvantages: Rejections, loss of control, possible delay, peer review/revision |
Self-Web | Advantages: Rapid, cheap, full control, potential full profit Disadvantages: Necessarily amateur at marketing, promotion, distribution, etc.; archiving considerations, intrinsic distrust may prevent links-to |
Vanity Online or Paper | Advantages: Amazon.com and BookInTime doesn't know (or care) that you're a dog, etc. Disadvantages: Cost, potential prejudice against "vanity press," no external validation (rapidly diminishing as concerns) |
Publishing Contractor/ Agents | Advantages: Amazon.com and BookInTime don't care what you are. A smart agent/ contractor could also do online marketing etc. Disadvantages: Cost, no print/external validation, history of other validating publications |
Association / Grey Lit | Advantages: Institutions, organizations, associations, etc. have the available expertise to judge quality. Bonafide imprint of quality Disadvantages: Potential cronyism, potential prejudice in tenure decisions, no "marketplace validation" |
Appropriate Technologies Print Format | |
Offset Print, then Distribute | Advantages: For 1000+ pb, 500+ cloth, lower unit cost, higher quality. Better halftone quality. Better customer response. Disadvantages: Risk of 90% left in warehouse ("bound greenbacks"). Cost of distribution |
Just-In-Time micro-runs | Advantages: Predictable costs, few warehousing issues, advantages of "in-house" distribution control Disadvantages: Lower quality; no clothbound; "big win" difficult; requires technical infrastructure |
Distribute, then Print (DocuTech, etc.) | Advantages: At lower runs, lower unit costs; flexible "on-demand" individual publications, no warehouse overruns (even no warehouse) Disadvantages: Lower quality; no clothbound; harder "big win" (cost never declines to price of paper); may require technical infrastructure |
Print + Electronic Hybrid | Advantages: Color & expanded material can be on website or CDROM, print-appropriate material in book form Disadvantages: Archival fears of librarians, necessity of continuous attention; what happens in 2504? |
Appropriate Technologies Context Choices | |
Stands Alone | Advantages: Individualism, pride, royalties Disadvantages: Easy to be missed (60,000 titles printed/year; 60,000,000 Web pages/year) |
Into Larger Context (Muse, CIAO, CogNet, SCAN, etc.) | Advantages: Larger audience, forward/backward linking, individual and group value, "reflected light" Disadvantages: Loss of individuality, loss of "journal identity," less "editorial touch" on specific articles/chapters |
Into Largest Context (Full text freely available) | Advantages: Huge audience, volunteer advertising/linking, likely author pleasure, potential print sale to browsers Disadvantages: Fear of lost sales, possible "imprint decay," potential of raised expectations (why not all your backlist?) |