The North American species of Pholiota, by Alexander H. Smith and L. R. Hesler.

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The North American Species of Pholiota

refractive body bright red to bay red and very conspicuous. Cheilocystidia: 1) 30-52 X 2.5-4 X 5-8 u, narrowly subcapitate-pedicellate to
narrowly clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, content homogeneous; 2) some
smaller fusoid-ventricose cells 20-28 x 4-7 jt also present; 3) some cells
resembling pleurocystidia also present at times. Caulocystidia numerous,
clavate to nearly filamentose, 4-6 u, diam. at apex, hyaline in KOH.
Gill trama of hyaline, parallel to somewhat interwoven, cells greatly
inflated in age; subhymenium inconspicuous and somewhat gelatinous
(including bases of basidia?). Pileus cutis a thick gelatinous pellicle of
interwoven hyphae, the hyphae 3-4.5 IX diam., hyaline, walls smooth
and very delicate, inamyloid; hypodermial region colorless, hyphae nongelatinous and slightly more inflated than those of context. Clamp connections present, hyphal walls all inamyloid.
In small clusters in long grass under Douglas fir and dogwood, Portland, Ore. Nov. 11, 1954. Ruth Oswald No. 2.
Stropharia aeruginosa as we know that species has lamellae white to
grayish and finally purplish brown. P. subcaerulea, which is closely related
to it, is by generic definition relegated to Pholiota unless one wishes to go
as far as to merge Geophila with Pholiota. The bright bay color of the
inclusion in the pleurocystidia when mounted in Melzer's is a most
striking feature and reminds one of the Melzer's reaction in the cystidia
of many species of Tylopilus. Pholiota ochrochlora of Europe is related
here, see Orton (1960). We have not found P. ochrochlora in North
America.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: IDAHO: Smith 74017. OREGON: Ruth
Oswald 2. WASHINGTON: Flett 170a, 11-15-41.
73. Pholiota burkei sp. nov.
Illustrations: Text figs. 65-66.
Pileus 3-5 cm latus, convexus demum late convexus, saepe obtuse
umbonatus, hygrophanus, melleus, ad marginem olivaceus, glaber,
striatulatus. Lamellae sinuatae, luteolae, angustae, confertae. Stipes 3-5
cm longus, 4-9 mm crassus, sursum pallide luteus; deorsum fibrillosus vel
squamulosus et demum subfulvus. Sporae 5.5-7(7-9) X 3.5-4(4.5-5),i,
ovatae. Pleurocystidia 25-40 x 6-9(12) i, ellipsoideo-mucronata vel ventricoso-rostrata. Caulocystidia 24-42 x 3-6 I, cylindricato-capitata. Specimen typicum in Herb. Univ. Mich. conservatum est; legit prope Montgomery, Ala., R. P. Burke (AS) 29 Sept. 1942.
Pileus 3-5 cm broad, convex, expanding plane, at times with a low
umbo, hygrophanous, when moist the central portion "honey-yellow,"
outer portion near "ecru-olive," when faded "deep colonial-buff," paler
on the marginal portion, at times striatulate, glabrous, viscid. Context
cream-color, unchanging; odor and taste mild.
Lamellae sinuate with a decurrent tooth, near "colonial buff" when