The antiquities of Canterbury. Or a survey of that ancient citie, with the suburbs, and cathedrall Containing principally matters of antiquity in them all. Collected chiefly from old manuscripts, lieger-bookes, and other like records, for the most part, never as yet printed. With an appendix here annexed: wherein (for better satisfaction to the learned) the manuscripts, and records of chiefest consequence, are faithfully exhibited. All (for the honour of that ancient metropolis, and his good affection to antiquities) sought out and published by the industry, and goodwill of William Somner.

According to my proposed method, coming now to the Suburbs: my Survey thereof shall take beginning at the East part; and therein at Saint Augustines. Concerning which I will limit my discourse, to these two heads or par∣ticulars.

• 1. The first foundation and following estate of it.
• 2. A Survey of the present Remaines of it.

FOr the first. Augustine the Monke, the Apostle of the * 1.1 English, (as the ancient Charters of the Abbey call him) Pope Gregory the Great's Nuncio, his Alumnus, com∣ming over hither with this com-monachall associates, and being admitted first into the presence, and eftsoones into the favour of Ethelbert (the * 1.2 first Christian Kentish King. Rex Ethelbertus inter Reges Anglorum Christicola primus, as it is in the bordure of the Quire-hangings of Christ-Church:) and having by his and his fellow-labourers preaching, both by life and doctrine, with Gods co-operating Grace, at length wrought his conversation to Christianity, was so well affected and thankfully handled of him, that, for reward of his service, amongst many favours, he obtained of the King his Patron, a certaine piece of ground on the East part of the City of Cant. Whereon afterwards, with the Kings helpe, he built this Abbey, dedicated when so first founded to the blessed Apostles, Peter and Paul, and so knowne a while, but afterward not (as Lambert m 1.3 will) onely in memory of his benefit; but from the new dedication of it by Archbishop Dunstan, in honore Sanctorum Apostolorum Petri & Pauli, sanctique Augustini, in the yeare 978 n 1.4: from thence (I say) his being added to the former Tutelars, and after that, untill the dissolution, called S^t Augustines.

It may not be forgotten that one maine end of setting apart this Suburbian plot of ground, and of the erecting the Abbey upon it, (according to the meaning of both Ethel. and August.) was that it should be a common Sepul∣chre both for them and their successors, as well in the King∣dome, as in the Archbishopricke, for ever after. For it was not then, nor long after, the manner to bury within * 1.5 Cities (the City being a place not for the dead but the li∣ving, as it is in a Charter of Ethelb. which shall follow a∣none:) and it being a thing defended. i. forbidden to bury

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Anno Dni MCCXL istud altare de dicat. in honorē Aplor Pet. et Pauli et sci Augustim v. kal. Nou. An. Dni MCCC XXV. istud altare dedic. fuit in honore Apost. Pet. et Pau. Sci Augustini Anglor Apli et Sci Aethelberti Regis kal. Marc••. à Petro Epo Corhaniensi Place. between pag. 46. & 47

[illustration]

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within Cities by the law of the 12. Tables: Hominem mortuum infra urbem ne sepelito, neve urito. A law (it seemes) standing till then; and long after in force here, yet more for the reason sake of it (as I conceive) fitting it to all Na∣tions, which was the prevention of fire by burning, and other annoyance by burying the carcasse within the City, then as being any otherwise a binding law to this kingdome, long before deserted by the Romanes, and no way now dependent on that Empire, or in subjection to it.

The further discovery of this Abbeys foundation and originall; I leave to you to make and take (if you please) from the ensuing transcripts of the Founders Charters, foure in number, whereof the three former are of Ethel∣bert, and the other of Augustine, closed and fenced (as you shall see, according to the manner of former times) with such solemne and dreadfull imprecations upon the violaters of their Piety; that (if the Charters themselves prove true and not counterfeit, as some suspect them) I for my part (how light soever some doe, and will make of them) would tremble to be lyable unto, for all the good, for all the gaine, were it neare so much, that might accrew unto me by intermedling. But to the Charters, which I have taken from Reyners Copy, in his Apostolatus Benedictinorum, writing of this Monastery.

Char. 1.

IN nomine Domini nostri Iesu Christi: omnem hominem qui secundum Deum vivit, & remunerari à Deo sperat, & optat, oportet ut piis precibus consensum hilariter ex animo praebeat; quoniam certum est, tantò faciliùs ea, quae ipse à Deo poposcerit, consequi posse: quantò et ipse libentiùs Deo aliquid concesserit. Quocirca ego Ethelbertus Rex Cantiae, cum consensu venera∣bilis Archiepiscopi Augustini ac Principum meorum, dono & * 2.1 concedo Deo in honorem sancti Petri aliquam partem terrae Iuris mei, quae jacet in oriente civitatis Doroberniae, ita duntaxat ut Monasterium ibi construatur, & res quae infra memorantur in potestate Abbatis sint qui ibi fuerit ordinatus. Igitur adjuro & praecipio in nomine Dei omnipotentis, qui est omnium rerum

Iudex Iustus, ut praefataterra subscripta donatione sempit enali∣ter sit consirmata, it a ut nec mihi nec alicui successorum meorum Regum aut Principum, sive cujuslibet conditionis dignitatibus & ecclesiasticis gradibus de ea aliquid fraudare liceat. Si quis * 2.2 verò de hac donatione nostra aliquid minuere, aut irritum facere temptaverit: sit in praesente separatus à sancta communione corporis & sanguinis Christi: & in die judicii ob meritum malitiae * 2.3 suae à consortio sanctorum omnium segregatus. Circumcincta est haec terra his terminis, in Oriente ecclesia sancti Martini, in meridie via de Burgate, in Occidente & Aquilone Drouting∣street. Datum in civitate Doroberniae, anno ab incarnatione Christi. 605. indict. 6. ^•. Ego Ethelbertus Rex Cantiae sana mente integroque consilio donationem meam signo crucis propria manu roboravi confirmavique. Ego Augustinus gratia Dei Archiepiscopus testis consentiens libenter subscripsi. Edbaldus. Hamigisibus. Augemundus Referendarius. Hocca Tangil. Pin∣ca. Geddy.

Char. 2.

IN nomine Domini nostri Iesu Christi. Notum sit omnibus tam praesentibus quam posteris quòd ego Ethelbertus Dei gratia Rex Anglorum per Evangelicum genitorem meum Augustinum de Idololatra factus Christicola tradidi Deo per ipsum antistitem aliquam partem terrae juris mei sub orientali muro Civitatis Do∣roberniae, ubi scilicet per eundem in Christo institutorem Mona∣sterium * 2.4 in honorem principum Apostolorum Petri & Pauli con∣didi; & cum ipsa terra, & cum omnibus, quae ad ipsum mona∣sterium pertinent, perpetua libertate donavi, adeo ut nec mihi, nec alicui successorum meorum regum, nec ulli unquam potestati sive ecclesiasticae sive saeculari quicquam inde liceat usurpare; sed in ipsius Abbatis sint omnia liberaditione. Si quis verò de hac * 2.5 donatione nostra aliquid imminuere aut irritum facere tentaverit, authoritate Dei & B. Papae Gregorii, nostrique Apostoli Augu∣stini simul & nostra imprecatione sit hic segregatus ab omni san∣cta ecclesiae communione, & in die judicii ab omni electorum so∣cietate. Circumcingitur haec terra his terminis: In Oriente ec∣clesia S. Martini, & inde ad Orientem by Sibben-downe, & sic * 2.6 ad Aquilonem be Wykingesmerk, iterumque ad Orientem & ad

Austrum be Burgaweremarka, & sic ad Austrum & Occidentem be Kingesmearke, iterum ad Aquilonem & Occidentem be Kingsmerke, ad occidentem to Rederchepe, & ita ad Aquilo∣nem to Drouting street. Actum est hoc in Civitate Doroberniae Anno ab incarnatione Christi. 605. indictione octáva. ✚. Ego * 2.7 Ethelbertus Rex Anglorum hanc donationem meam signo sanctae crucis propria manu confirmavi. ✚. Ego Augustinus gratia Dei Archiepiscopus libenter subscripsi. ✚. Edbaldus Regis filius fa∣vi. ✚. Ego Hamigisilus Dux laudavi. ✚. Ego Hocca comes con∣sensi. ✚. Ego Augemundus Referendarius approbavi. ✚. Ego Graphio comes benedixi. ✚. Ego Tangisilus Regis Optimas con∣firmavi. ✚. Ego Pinca consensi. ✚. Ego Gedde corroboravi.

〈…〉〈…〉 meae, & spem retributionis aeternae, obtuli ei etiam villam nomi∣ne Sturiag alio nomine dictam Chistelet, cum omnibus redditibus * 2.8 ei jure competentibus, cum mancipiis, sylvis cultis vel incultis, pratis, pascuis, paludibus, fluminibus & contiguis ei maritimis terminis eam ex una parte cingentibus, omniaque mobilia vel im∣mobilia in usus fratrum sub regulari tramite & monastica reli∣gione inibi Deo servientium, missarium etiam argenteum, scep∣trum aureum, item sellam cum fraeno auro & gemmis ornatam, speculum argenteum, armigausa oloserica, camisiam ornatam, quae mihi de Domino Gregorio sedis Apostolicae directa fue∣rat: quae omnia supradicto monasterio gratanter obtuli. Quod etiam monasterium ipse servus Dei Augustinus sanctorum Aposto∣lorum ac martyrum reliquiis, variisque ecclesiasticis ornamentis ab Apostolica sede sibi transmissis copiose ditavit, seseque in eo, * 2.9 & canctos successores suos ex Authoritate Apostolica sepeliri prae∣cepit, scriptura dicente, non esse civitatem mortuorum sed vi∣vorum; ubi & mihi & successoribus meis sepulturam providi, sperans me quandoque ab ipso Apostolici ordinis principe, cui Dominus potestatem ligandi atque solvendi dedit, & claves regni coelorum tradidit, à peccatorum nexibus solvi, & in aeter∣nam beatitudinis januam introduci. Quod monasterium nullus * 2.10 Episcoporum, nullus successorum meorum regum in aliquo laedere aut acquietare praesumat: nullam omnino subjectionem sibi usur∣pare audeat: sed Abbas ipse qui fuerit ordinatus, intus & foris, cum consilio fratrum secundum timorem Dei liberè eum regat & ordinet: ita ut in die Domini dulcē illā piissimi redemptoris nostri vocem mereatur audire, dicentis, Euge serve bone, &c. Hanc donationem meam in nomine patris & filii & spiritus sancti lar∣gitate divina, ut mihi tribuatur peccatorum remissio per omnia cum consilio reverentissimi patris Augustini condidi, idque ad scribendum Augemundum presbyterum ordinavi. De his igitur * 2.11 omnibus, quae hic scripta sunt, si quis aliquid minuere praesum∣pserit, sciat se aequissimo judice Deo, & beatissimis Apostolis Petro & Paulo rationem esse redditurum. Confirmata est haec do∣natio, praesentibus testibus, Reverentissimo patre Augustino Do∣roberniae * 2.12 ecclesiae Archiepiscopo primo, Mellito quoque & Iusto Londoniensis & Roffensis ecclesiae praesulibus, Eadbaldo filio

meo, Hamigisso &c. & aliis pluribus diversarum dignitatum personis. Actum sane 45. Anno regni nostri, Anno Domini 605.

Char. 4.

Privilegium S^t Augustini huic coenobio suo concessum.

AVgustinus Episcopus Doroberniae sedis famulus, quem super∣na inspirante clementia beatissimus Papa Gregorius Anglicae genti Deo acquirendae legatarium misit, ac ministrum, omnibus successoribus suis Episcopis, cunctisque Angliae Regibus, cum suis posteris, atque omnibus Dei fidelibus, in fide & gratia salu∣tem & pacem. Patet omnibus quòd Deo amabilis Rex Ethelbertus primus Anglorum regum Christi regno sanatus nostra instantia, & sua prodiga benevolentia inter caeteras ecclesias quas fecit & Episcopia, monasterium extra Metropolim suam Doroberniam, in * 2.13 honorem principum Apostorum Petri & Pauli regaliter condidit, & regalibus opibus amplisque possessionibus ditavit, magnifica∣vit, perpetua libertate & omni jure regio cum omnibus rebus & judiciis intus & foris illi pertinentibus munivit, suoque regio privi∣legio, & superni judicii imprecatione, atque Apostolica sanctissimi papae Gregorii interminatione excommunicatoria contra omnem injuriam confirmavit. Ego quoque ejusdem libertatis adjutor & patrocinator omnes successores meos Archiepiscopos, omnesque ecclesiasticas vel saeculares potestates per Dominum Iesum Christum & Apostorum ejus reverentiam obtestor, atque Apostolica memo∣rati Patris nostri Papae Gregorii interminatione interdico, ne quis∣quam unquam ullam potestatem aut dominatum aut imperium in hoc dominicum vel Apostolicum monasterium, vel terras vel eccle∣sias ad illud pertinentes usurpare praesumat, nec ulla prorsus subju∣gationis, aut servitutis, aut tributi conditione, vel in magno vel in minimo, Dei ministros inquietet aut opprimat. Abbatem a suis * 2.14 fratribus electum in eodem monasterio, non ad sui famulatum, sed ad dominicum ministerium ordinet; nec sibi hunc obedire, sed Deo suadeat; nec verò sibi subjectum, sed fratrem, sed consortem, sed collegam in comministrum in opus Dominicum eum reputet. Non ibi missas, quasi ad suae ditionis altare, nec ordinationes, vel benedictiones usurpativè, sine Abbatis vel fratrum petitione exer∣ceat:

nullum sibi jus consuetudinarium vel in vilissima re exigat, quatenus pacis concordia unum sint in domino uterque, nec quis∣quam quod absit dominandi dissidio in judicium incidat Diaboli, qui superba tyrannide corruit de coelo. Reges gentium (inquit Do∣minus) dominantur eorum, vos autem non sic; cumque ab alieni∣genis, non à filiis accipiantur tributa, sic ipse Dominus concludit, ergo liberi sunt filii: qua ergo irreverentia patres ecclesiarum in filio Regni Dei sibi vendicant dominationem? maximè autem in hanc ecclesiam sanctorum the saurariam, in eujus materno utero tot Pontificum Doroberniae, Regumque ac principum corpora speramus * 2.15 alma refovenda sepulturae requie, ex authoritate scilicet Apostolica, & hinc ad aternam gloriam resuscitanda. Tales supremi Iudicis amicos si quis offendere non metuens hujus privilegii statuta viola∣verit, vel violatorem imitando vim suam tenuerit, sciat se Apo∣stolico B. Petri gladio per suum vicarium. Gregorium puniendum, nisi emendaverit. Haec igitur omnia, ut hic sunt scripta, Aposto∣lica ipsius Institutoris nostri Gregorii comprobatione & authoritate * 2.16 servanda sancimus, suoque ore confirmamus, praesente glorioso rege Ethelberto, cum filio suo Eadbaldo, & collaudante cum ipso, & omnibus Optimatibus regiis atque ultrò volentibus reverendis∣simis fratribus nostris à sancta Romana ecclesia huc mecum, vel ad me in Evangelium Domini destinatis, scilicet Lawrentio, quem nobis Deo favente, successorem constituimus, & Mellito Londo∣niarum Episcopo, & Iusto Roffensi Episcopo, & Petro venerabili ejusdem monasterii principum Apostolorum Abbate primo cum cae∣teris in Domino adjutoribus meis; obnixè postulantibus, simulque in eos, qui haec fideliter servaverint, benedictionem; aut in im∣paenitentes, quod volumus, transgressores damnationem exercen∣tibus.

These auspicious beginnings had answerable proceed∣ings. For the foundation of the Abbey thus laid, it be∣came in processe of time much advanced, both in the in∣largement of her buildings, and augmentations of her in∣dowment. For the first. After the death of King Ethelb. Eadbaldus (his sonne) at the instance of Lawrence the Archb' builded a faire Church in this Monastery which he

called S. Maries. After Eadbaldus, King Canute (the great Monarch of this Realme:) Egelsine (the Abbat that fled for feare of the Conquerour:) Scotlandus (whom the same King put in Egelsin's place:) Hugh Floriac (that was of kin∣dred to King William Rufus, and by him made Abbat:) were the persons that chiefly increased the building: some bestowing Churches and Chapels; some Dortors and Re∣fectories or dining places, and others other sort of edi∣fices p 2.17.

Now for the latter, her increase in possessions and indow∣ment, it would be too tedious a matter to particularize but the one halfe of the donations and grants of lands and re∣venues that were made and given by the multitude of be∣nefactors of all sorts, who out of the heat of their devotion to the place, for the double founders sake, the one the great instrument of Christianisme brought and wrought amongst the Saxon people of those parts, the other (by Gods bles∣sing on his endeavours) the first Christian King of the English-Saxon race, strived of holy zeal, according to their knowledge to out-strip one another in an open handed li∣beralitie to this Abbey. The Royall benefactors (for I shall * 2.18 omit the rest) after Ethelb. (as Thorne informs me) were chiefly these. King Eadbald his sonne and next Successor, who gave the mannor of Northborne, consisting of 30 plough-lands. King Lothaire, who gave 3 plough-lands in Stodmersh. King Withred, who gave the mannor of Littleborne of 5 plough-lands. King Eadbert his sonne, who gave 6 plough-lands in Little-Mongeham. King Edmund, whose gift was 2 plough lands in Sybertsweld. Kenewulf King of Mercia and Cuthred King of Kent, who gave the mannor of Lenham, consisting of 20 plough-lands and 13 Denes. King Ethel∣wulf the West-Saxon, who gave 40 Caslatos (Mansions I take it) in Lenham. King Ethelhert the West-Saxon also, who gave the mannor of Merton in East Kent, of 3 plough-lands. King Canute, who together with the body S. Mildred the virgin of Thanet, gave unto the Abbey all the indow∣ment of that late Monastery. King Edgar who gave Plum∣sted,

of 4 plough lands. Edward the Confessor, who gave all the land he had in Fordwich.

The succeeding Kings, for the most part, were rather confirmers or restorers of the old, then contributers of new possessions to this Abbey. Whose Charters (as the o∣thers) are many of them already published partly in Reyner's Apostolatus Benedictinorum, and partly in Wevers Funerall Monuments. Wherefore I spare their recitall here. Nei∣ther will I wade or enter farre into discourse of the once flourishing estate of this ancient Abbey, lest I finde it (as I may justly feare it) even endlesse. For so many were the priviledges, so wide the possessions, and so very great the estimation of this Abbey, in many respects (that of it being, of old, the selected place for the Royall and Archiepisco∣pall sepulture, not the least:) as few other in the King∣dome did or could in all points paralell it.

Onely let me, ere my cloze, acquaint you from M^r Lam∣bert q 2.19, that the house, before the dissolution, had five Co∣vents, consisting (saith he) of 65 Monks, Benedictines, or of the order of the Black monks of S. Benet, which began here in England with their Founder, (the nature hereof see hereafter in Christ-Church:) And, as he addes (beside Juris∣diction over an whole lath of 13 hundreds) it had possession of livelihood to the value of 808. l' by yeare. Herein, (I sup∣pose) following the estimate of her temporalties, taxed at that summe by the Popes Delegates, the Bishops of Winche∣ster and Lincoln, Iohn and Oliver, in the yeare 1292. authori∣sed to tax and rate the temporalties of all the Clergy both religious and secular throughout the Kingdome, for the levying of a tenth thereby, which the Pope had granted to the King (Ed. 1.) in subsidium terrae sanctae. But it seems t 2.20 that upon the surrender and suppression of the Abby, which happened 4. Decemb. 29. Hen 8. that estimate was well neare doubled. For (as Speed and Wever both have it) it was then valued, as the Record in the Kings Exchequer shows, at * 2.21 1412. lib. 4^s. 7^d. ob. q.

Briefly this Abbey, and the Abbat thereof in right of his

Abbatie, had Cuneum monetae, allowance of mintage and coynage of money, by the grant of King Athelstan s 2.22, which continued untill the time of K. Stephen, & then was utterly lost, Silvester the 45 Abbat, who died Anno 1161. being the last that enjoyed it. Whereof Thorne writing his life hath these words. Memorandum (saith he) quòd iste Silvester Abbas & multi praedecessores ejus Abbates habuerunt Cuneum monetae in Civitate Cant. sicut per inquisitionem factam per Ar∣noldum Ferre, Wulfinum Mercere & alios qui jurati dixerunt quòd quidem Abbas S. Aug. Silvester nomine habuit in Civitate * 2.23 Cant. unum cuneum monetae & Elumdus Porre custodivit cune∣um illud ex parte illius Abbatis, & quando ille Abbas obiit seisita fuit Abbatia in manu Domini Regis unà cum praedicto cuneo, nec unquam aliquis Abbas qui ei successit, illius cunei recuperavit seisinam. Et fuit ista inquisitio facta temporibus Hen. secundi Regis, & Regis Richardi filii ejusdem. The Abbat moreover was Abbas intratus, first made so by Pope Alex. 2. as the same Thorne (in the life of Abbat Egelsin) relates. Who saith * 2.24 that the same Egels. being sent on some Embassage to Pope Alex. 2. in the yeare 1063. was there the first Abbat of this Monastery, to whom it was of the same Pope permitted with his Successors, the Abbats of the place, to use the Mitre and sandals, in manner of a Bishop, the Pope thus then pro∣nouncing and saying, Hunc apicem habere perpetuò rectorem de∣crevimus Augustinensem, ob ipsius scilicet Romanorum alumpni & Anglorum Apostoli dignitatem. He was I say a mitred Abbat, that is by Cowels interpretation t 2.25 an Abbat Sove∣reigne, exempt from the Jurisdiction of the Diocesan, ha∣ving Episcopall Jurisdiction within himself. He had place and voice not onely in Parliament as a spirituall Baron, but also in the generall Councell, where, by the gift of Pope Leo ix^th, his place was to sit by the Abbat Montis Cassini u 2.26 A Catalogue of these Abbats and others, who living, by their learning and pietie; or dead, by the reliques of their mortalitie, their deceased bodies, some honourably intom∣bed, others gloriously inshrined there, have enfamoused the place, I referre you to finde in Pitseus his Catalogue,

and Wever's ancient Funerall monuments. And hitherto of the flourishing estate of this Abbey.

It neither may, nor will (I know) be imagined but that this Abbey tasted of both fortunes. Wherefore as you have heard somewhat of the weale, so now give me leave with what brevitie I can, to acquaint also with the wo; the detri∣ments I mean and dysasters, that have at any time abated, and at last fatally obscured and finally extinguished the glo∣ry and Majesty of this once famous and opulent Abbey.

Whereof the first in time and not of least regard was her losse of the long enjoyed right and interest to the burialls of the Kings and Archbishops, of which, the former, in Archbishop Brightwald's, and the latter in Cutbert's dayes were first taken from it x 2.27.

Another was the grievous and frequent infestation of * 2.28 the place by the Danes: which (however their Chroni∣clers, for their Abbeys greater glory, sometimes ascribe their safety, defence and deliverance from those Invaders to a miraculous preservation:) yet doubtlesse either suffer∣ed their violence, or at the least, and at the best, purchased their peace (and so prevented their greater calamity) at a deare rate, and with costly redemptions, especially in that lamentable spoil and devastation of the City under King Etheldred, in the yeare 1011. The recorders of the tragi∣call story whereof, the elder Monks, Henry of Huntington, Roger Hoveden, and others, (whose pens a miracle so mainly tending to the advancement of Monkery, in all likelihood could not have escaped) tell of no such miracle as Thorne will have the Abbey then rescued and saved by, which was, that when a Dane had taken hold of S. Augustines pall or cloak (wherewith his tombe was covered) it stuck so fast to his fingers, that by no means possible he could lose it, till he came and yeelded himself to the Monks, and made sor∣rowfull confession of his fault. Which thing so terrified the rest of the Danes, that they desisted and ceased from inva∣ding the Monastery, and became chief protectors and de∣fenders of it. Cum Dani (as Thornes own words are) C••tu∣ariam

ferro undique & flamma vastantes saevirent, quidam illo∣rum sacrilegi, non causa orandi, sed depraedandi malitia mona∣sterium istud ultrò introierunt: moxque unus eorum ad malum proclivior, ad sepulchrum Apostoli nostri Augustini (ubi tunc jacebat tumulatus) improbè accessit, palliumque, quo illud pre∣tiosum Augustini mausolaeum operiebatur, furtim rapuit, atque sub axilla sua illum abscondit: sed divina ultrix miseratio ra∣ptorem mox rapuit, palliumque illud sub axilla furis abscondi∣tum, quasi connativum cutis axillis furis inhaesit; nec unguibus nec ulla violentia aut arte deponi poterat, donec reatum suum co∣ram sancto praedicto, & loci fratribus, veniam poscendo de com∣missis, fur ipse prodiderat. Quae ultio ita caeterorum Danorum multitudinem terruit, ut hujus Monasterii non solùm fieri time∣rent invasores, sed magis ejus praecipui forent defensores. Thus he. But (as I said) our elder stories have no mention of this miracle. Hoveden (I confesse) naming the then Ab∣bat of the place, sayes that he was suffered to escape or go his way, haply (& as it may be reasonably thought) because he had ransomed himself and his Abbey, by composition with the enemy. But that your belief may not rest upon my bare and singular opinion of this Abbeys partaking with the neighbour City, and Cathedrall in their Danish pres∣sures, I will stand by, whilest Reverend Archbishop Parker gives you his, who thinking it incredible that the Citie should so often suffer, by the Danes, and this Abbey escape, thus expostulates the matter. Quid dicam (saith he) de Monasterio Sancti Augustini, Doroberniae, omnium primo & an∣tiquissimo, Romanorum Pontificum, atque Regum Cantiorum pri∣vilegiis adeo superbo, quibus fretus ab omni subjectione & obe∣dientia sui Archipraesulis, immune se putarit? &c. Credibile∣ne est inter tantas procellas hoc insolens coenobium tutum & à Danorum impetu liberum esse potuisse, cum ipsam Deroberniam urbem inclytam, it a miserè depopulati sunt, ut supra retulimus: Thus he y 2.29.

A 3^d & 4^th great dysaster to this Abbey was, the firing of it * 2.30 one time, & the almost drowning of it another. The former (by fire) happening in the yeer 1168. (Anno Dom. 1168. saith

Thorne) die decollationis S ^t. Ioannis Baptistae combusta fuit ista ecclesia pro maxima parte, in qua combustione multae codicillae an∣tiquae perierunt, atque ipsum feretrum S. Augustini & multorum sanctorum hujus loci flebiliter sunt deformata; nec mirum cum ipsa pene tota ecclesia igne fuerat c••nsumpta. Cujus infortunio misertus Alexander Papa ecclesiam de Feversham ad reparatio∣nem ecclesiae sic igne consumptae confirmavit; & ecclesiam de Menstre & Middelton ad ••acristiam pro reparatione istius eccle∣siae deputavit.) The latter (by water) in the yeare 1271. * 2.31 (Eodem anno (saith the same Author) die translationis S ^t. Aug. facta fuerunt tonitrua & coruscationes & tanta inundatio pluviae, ut Civitas Cant. pene submersa esset. Occupaverat verò * 2.32 aqua totam istam Curiam pariter & ecclesiam, ut prope submersae essent, nisi virtus Sanctorum ibi quiescentium obsisteret.)

The next great crosse which befell this Abbey, but com∣mon to it with other, was the restraint of the Laitie from any longer extending the hand of their bounty, in passing over their fee to the Abbey, without speciall licence of the King, by the Stat. of Mortmaine, or the law of Amortization; which timely to moderate the before unlimited libertie of * 2.33 the Laity in that kinde, likely in time to give all to God, and leave nothing, or but little, for Caesar and themselves, by their over forwardnesse and extreame excesse in that kinde of operative devotion (a thing considering their full perswasion of the meritorious nature of it, nothing strange) provided a convenable restraint, tying and manacling the hands of the subject for the future from that kinde of over∣active charitie, without the foregoing privitie and consent of the Prince. But this crosse, this losse, was in part sup∣plied and made lesse sensible unto the religious, by a piece of policie which they quickly put in ure, and that was the procuring not onely of priviledges and immunities from payment of tithes, but also of Impropriations or Annexions * 2.34 of Churches, Parsonages I mean, to their houses; which though invented, and on foot long before, upon what pre∣text see Hay in his Astrum inextinctum. quaest. 2. num 9. & seq. fol. 98. 99. yet now, the other current of their gain being

stopt, much more abounding then ever before z 2.35. All of them, but especially the latter, things improperly enough in the hands of the Religious, and with cause enough reck∣oned among the 100 grievances of Germany a 2.36, but much more improperly in the possession of meer lay-men, as now they are most what; but generally like the gold of Tho∣louse, not without a curse, a crosse at least, either reall or personall, upon the person of the invader, or his estate, or both, which though he either cannot or will not himselfe, yet others both can and do see and observe to follow such profaners of the Churches Patrimony the improper Lay∣proprietaries of Parsonages and Church-livings. Amicus Plato, Amicus Socrates; sed magis amica Pietas. Pardon this digression, and I proceed.

By the way would you be further satisfied concerning the grounds, upon which Impropriations of Churches to Monks and Monasteries first began, I find them briefly to be these. Illud inprimis agebant Episcopi, dum ecclesias Monachis attri∣buerent, ut paci ecclesiasticae subservirent. Quòd enim pleraeque earum ecclesiarum in ipsis Monachorum fundis conderentur, & ab eorum servis, qui terram extirpatis silvis novarunt, frequenta∣rentur; ne quid inter Clericos & Monachos sereretur dissidii, po∣stulabat aequitas, & concordia, ut Monachis traderentur guber∣nandae. Ea causa cum deerat, aliam Episcopis suggessit charitas, ut Monachorum sustentationi caveretur. Postremo id quoque cau∣sae accessit, ut ecclesiae meliùs regerentur, tum ob accuratiorem institutionem plebium, quibus Monachi ad omnem difficultatem praesto erant doctrinae per ea tempora fere principatum habentes, tum ob Presbyterorum, quos fere tunc erudiebant Monachi soli, delectum faciliorem. Itaque non paucae do••tiones ejus generis signatè cavent ut in Monachorum potestate s•• Presbyterorum ele∣ctio, atque Ecclesiarum gubernatio, &c. S. Roverius in his Il∣lustrations upon the History of the Monastery of S. Iohns at Rheimes. pag. 606. But to S. Austins again.

I do not remember that I have read of or met with any other much considerable losse, crosse or misfortune to have befallen this Abbey afterwards, untill that fatall blow of

utter dissolution was given it by Hen. 8. Little had all the * 2.37 former casualties been to the ruine of this goodly Abbey, had not that sudden and tempestuous storm (which bare down before it all the religious structures of this kinde throughout the kingdome) falling upon it, brought this with the rest, to irrecoverable ruine: whose uncovered walls stood so languishing in time, and storms of weather, that dayly increased the aspect of her ruines, till now lastly they are made subject to other publick uses, and the whole tract of that most goodly foundation in the same place no where appearing &c. as it is in Speed b 2.38. Yet thither let me leade you, and have your patience whilest I survey the pre∣sent Remains of the place, which is my second Particular touching this Abbey.

Amongst which, I finde scarce any of note beside Ethel∣berts * 2.39 Tower and S. Pancraces Chapell. But ere we enter the Sept, a word or two of that. The sept or site of the Mona∣stery yet appeares and may be traced by the circuiting walls, within the compasse whereof the Elemosinary, by the Court-gate (a place where the almes of the Abbey, the * 2.40 remaines of their food being sent thither, were distributed as a main part of their subsistence, to certain almes-people consisting of a society of Brothers and Sisters, having had a Chapell to it now desolate, and rotting in it own ruines) was included long ago, as it seems by a Composition c 2.41, in the yeare 1237. (foure hundred yeares ago) made between the then Archbishop and his Archdeacon of the one part, and the then Abbat, of the other: (amongst other things) touching Jurisdiction, and right to the coertion of crimi∣nous persons of the Monastery delinquent in the Diocesse of Cant. extra septa sui Monasterii, quae continent elemosinari∣am extra portam eorum, as the composition wordeth it. Hugh the Abbat, of that name the second, when he divided and distinguished the offices of his Monastery d 2.42, assigned the Church or Parsonage of Northborne, with the Chapells an∣nexed to this Almnery.

Now enter we the sept, where the first thing in our eye * 2.43

observable (except the faire Hall, the late Refectory of the Monkes) is Ethelb. Tower. Not so called (as vulgar * 2.44 tradition will fabulously tell you it was) from the building of it, either by him, or by others in his time. In honor and memory of him I will grant it was, but yet long since his dayes, being not built (I take it) untill about the yeare 1047. For (as it is in the private Chronicler, Thorne) the then Archbishop Eadsin, beside some other acts of his bounty to the Abbey, gave 100. markes, ad turris aedifica∣tionem, quae tunc fuerat in construendo, meaning this Tower, as I conceive. Other certainty of the age of it, I cannot give, and so leave it with the words of Speed e 2.45, who in the close of his discourse touching this Abbey, thus speakes of it. Onely Ethelberts Tower (saith he) in memory and ho∣nour of the man, as yet hath escaped the verdict and sen∣tence of destruction, whose beauty, though much defaced and overworne, will witnesse to succeeding Ages the mag∣nificence of the whole, when all stood compleate in their glory together.

The next thing (and what else onely is observable a∣mongst * 2.46 these heapes of ruines) is the Chapell of S^t Pan∣crace, built (as the private Chronicler makes report) be∣fore * 2.47 Augustine came; and used by the King, before his con∣version to Christianity, for the place of his Idol-worship, but after it, the first that Augustine, after he had purged it from the worship of the false, consecrated to the service of the true God, and dedicated to S^t Pancrace. Wherewith the devill all inraged, and not brooking his ejection from the place he had so long enjoyed; the first time that Augustine celebrates masse there, furiously assaults the Chapell to overturne it. But having more of will then power to actu∣ate his intended mischiefe, all he could doe was to leave the ensignes of his malice, the prints of his talons on the South-Porch-Wall of the Chapell, where they are visible to this day. Thus Thorne tels the tale. And no better then a tale can I conceive it to be. I will grant that a Chappell of that name, of no small antiquity there was sometime

standing, where a good part of her ruines are yet left, built almost wholly of British or Romane bricke (infallible Re∣maines of antiquity:) That on the Walls out-side of the South-Porch, such tokens as the Historian will have to be the markes of the Beast, are visible enough: That of latter time this Story became vulgarly received. (Hamon Beale, to instance in one for many, Anno 1492. gives by his Will f 2.48 to the reparation of S^t Pancrace his Chapell within the precinct of S^t Augustines Church-yard, and of the Chapell where S^t Augustine first celebrated masse in England, an∣nexed to the former, 3^l. 6^s. 8^d.) But that either this was the place, where Saint Augustine first said masse in England (S^t Martins was it, as Bede g 2.49 will tell you:) or that the story is further true then I have granted, I cannot beleeve.

To give you my reasons. Consult venerable Bede's pre∣face to his Ecclesiasticall Story, and you shall finde he there acknowledgeth his intelligence for these parts received chiefely from Albinus the then Abbat of S^t August. who with diligence instructed him in all things that either by written record, or tradition of his Elders, had come unto his knowledge, any way memorable. But take his owne words. Auctor ante omnes (saith he) atque adjutor opusculi hu∣jus Albinus Abbas reverendissimus, vir per omnia doctissimus, extitit. Qui in ecclesia Cantuariorum à beatae memoriae Theodoro Archiepiscopo & Hadriano Abbate viris venerabilibus at erudi∣tissimis institutus, diligenter omnia quae in ipsa Cantuariorum provincia, vel etiam in contiguis ejusdem regionibus à discipulis beati Papae Gregorii gesta fuere, vel monumentis litterarum, vel seniorum traditione cognoverat, & ea mihi de his quae memoria digna videbantur per religiosum Londoniensis Ecclesiae presby∣terum Nothelmum, sive litteris mandata sive ipsius Nothelmi viva voce referendo, transmisit. Thus Bede. Adde hereunto that this was a matter so remarkable, an occurrence, so much in itselfe, but in respect of the circumstances of time and place, much more memorable. Of time: It happening so in the very infancy of the English-Saxon Christian Church. Of place: Being such as from an Idol temple

was become, and that but newly a Christian Oratory, that, then it, there is not a thing more worthy to be kept in me∣mory in the whole story of the times: and therefore could not have escaped the one, the intelligencers (Albine's) knowledge, nor consequently the other, the Historian (Bede's) pen. But, for all this, looke and you shall finde, that Bede is so farre from making mention of it, that he remembers not so much as the Chapell. This is much. But let me adde yet further. The following Chronologers, for the most part Monkes all, passe it over in deepe silence. Could fame have beene (thinke you) so sluggish, or so con∣fin'd, that so famous a matter as this should fall from no Authors pen till (in comparison) but yesterday, till Spott and Thornes dayes? The case so standing for me, credat Iu∣deus apella. And so I leave it.

Now being upon taking our leave of the Abbey, and * 2.50 making our retraict, let me lead you (as the next way out) over the forgotten Sepulchres of the dead; the ancient Cimitery ground of the Abbey, and so out at the gate be∣fore Burgate. Which great and faire Gate, with a battle∣ment, and that warlike invention of machicollation, called Porta occidentalis Cimiterii S ^t Augustini h 2.51, heretofore lead from Church-street (for so the street before it hath usually beene called) into S^t Augustines Church-yard. A buriall place not private and proper onely to the Abbey, nor only free to the choice of any that desired buriall there; but with all untill the Dissolution, the proper and onely Cimi∣tery belonging unto divers Parish-Chuches of the City, destitute of such Dormitories of their owne, of which the Abbey had the patronage: such as were S^t Mary Magdalen, S^t Andrew, and (as I verily beleeve) S^t Paul too; however because of late some question hath beene made of it, I will not contend. But what if it shall appeare, that for more then 100. yeares together, next before the Dissolution of the Abbey, not one of the many testators of those Pari∣shes have once mentioned any Church-yard of their owne, either in appointment of it for the place of their buriall (as

in other parishes that had Church-yards it was usuall to doe) or otherwise; though of their Churches often? That scores, if not hundreds of them have from time to time pitched on this common Cimitery of S^t Augustine for the place and purpose afore-said? that after the Dissolution, and that Cimitery withdrawne and taken from them, not yet a testator of succeeding times wills to be laid in any Church-yard of their owne; but, as now to seeke of a resting place for their bodies after death peculiar to them, betake them∣selves for buriall to the Church-yards of Neighbour-Pari∣shes? That as the situation of two of these Parish-Chur∣ches will not admit of any adjoyning Churchyard: the one, like Fan-Church in London, standing in the middest of the street, the other in a throng of contiguous houses; so the the third needed none in regard of the neerenesse of it to this Churchyard of the Abby, which in right & title (I take it) of foundation, had the patronage of it? That it was the knowne Monkish policy, for the gaine sake, to draw all the burials they could to their Abbey, and for that end proba∣bly * 2.52 at the Churches foundation, wittingly debarred the people of a Churchyard, to their Church: and lastly that this Abbey and Cimitery was built and set a part for a buriall of old, when as yet it was not lawfull to bury in Cities. If these things (I say) shall be made appeare and proved, as they easily may, what judicious and indifferent man then will conceive, against the strength of so much probability and presumption to the contrary, that these Churches had their proper Cimiteries adjoyning to them, however there may be some who (in confidence of not being gainesaid, because of their somewhat extraordinary age) shall say they had? But videant quorum interest. And so I leave this Abbey.

The next thing after this Abbey, in the Suburbs, which I shall servey, is the Church of S^t Martin, much celebrated * 2.53 both for the great antiquity of it, and also for the resort of Augustine and his fellow-labourers thither to their devoti∣ons at their first arivall i 2.54, by the licence of King Ethelbert,

imparted to them in favour of Queene Berta his wife (a Christian, and descended of Christian parentage, being the daughter of Chilperike King of France) to whom this Church built long before, to wit (as Bede saith) by the Ro∣mans, as some say in King Lucius dayes k 2.55, and dedicated to S^t Martin, was permitted for the place of her publicke devotions. The Church indeed seemes very ancient, be∣ing built (the Chancell especially) mostly of British or Romane bricke, the noted reliques and tokens of old Age in any kinde of building whether sacred or profane.

At this place afterwards. i. from Archbishop Theodores untill Lanfranc's time by the space to wit of 349. yeares, there was a Bishops See l 2.56, who alwayes remaining in the Country, supplyed the absence of the Archbishop, that for the most part followed the Court: and that as well in go∣verning the Monkes, as in the performing the solemnities of the Church, and exercising the authority of an Arch∣deacon. So Lambert m 2.57. But the Chaire happening voyde in Lanfranc's time: he whether because that two Bishops were too many for one City (the very reason which as some say, he gave for what he did) or by colour of that ordi∣nance of the Councell of London holden An. 1075 n 2.58. requi∣ring the remove of Bishops Sees from obscure rurall villa∣ges to Cities, or for that this B^p. was a Chorepiscopus, a kinde of Country Suffragan, an order (he well knew, no doubt) for just reasons, abolished abroad o 2.59: or for what other cause it is not certaine. He I say (Lanfranc) refused to consecrate any other. Neverthelesse, because he needed the helpe of a Substitute, he created in his place and stead, one of his Chaplaines, Archdeacon of Canterbury p 2.60.

In Ed. 2. time, to wit in the yeare 1321. the Parson of this Church, and the Master of the Free-Schoole of the City fell at odds about the rights and priviledges of their severall Schooles: the Parson aforesaid, in right of this Church, and by concurrent Custome, challenging a liber∣ty to the keeping of a Free-Schoole there, which the other would not admit of, but with a limitation of the number

of his Scholars; of which more hereafter when I come to Christ-Church, within the moderne precinct whereof the City Free-Schoole (as I shall there show) was kept. And so I leave S^t Martins. Onely I wish that for the venerable an∣tiquity of the Church, and sometime Espicopall estate of the place, things that have much dignified both, it might better flourish in the maintenance of its due rights and re∣spects then I heare it doth.

My Progresse next invites you to (my Lord-cheife-Iu∣stice Finch his Seate or Mansion house) the Mote. So called * 2.61 now and of latter time; but formerly, and that of old, Wyke: deriving it name, either from that neighbour Wic, or Vicus, called Fordwik, upon which it borders at that place (I take it) which in the second of King Ethelberts Charters is called Wykingsmerke. Or else being named * 2.62 Wyk, because (as the word imports) it hath sometimes beene a place of refuge or retreat, as it were a hold or for∣tresse in some time of hostility: a derivation not improba∣ble nor improper, if we adde and take this along with us, that there is a hill hard by it in the same Charter of Ethel∣bert, called Sibben-downe. i. The Downe (or Hill) of peace, or the Downe where the peace was made, intimating some battell or field there away fought, and afterward a truce entered, or a peace made there with the enemy. * 2.63

Here or neare this place sometime lay the Chantery-Lands of Lukedale, in our Cities perambulation called Lokindale, which being deserted and left desolate, because of the smallnesse of the meanes not sufficing to the main∣tenance of a Chantery-Priest with competent livelihood, was passed over to the Hospitall of S^t Iohns without North∣gate, where once I saw the deed of conveyance thereof, and thence tooke the following briefe.

The revenewes of the Chantery of Lukedale, (called Contaria in Welle vocat' Lukedale) consisting of thirty two Acres of Land, 16^s. 5^d. ^ob. eight Cockes and nineteene Hens of annuall Rent with the appertanances at Wyke neare Cant. (which Chantery was forsaken for the smallnesse of the meanes)

were alienated and transferred, by Thomas of Garwynton the Patron, with licence of the King and the Lord of the Fee. i. The Abbat and Covent of S^t Augustine (with∣in whose Mannor of Lang-Port they did lye) to S^t Iohns Hosp' without Northgate, An̄no 1384. and 38. Ed. 3. Vt orent & celebrari faciant pro animabus Reginaldi de Cornhelle quondam fundatoris ejusdem Cantariae, Thomae patris dicti Thomae, and others, &c. The Chanteries foundation shall be exhibited to you in my Appendix. Pag. 288.

This place our City perambulation fetcheth within her bounds and liberty. Here (or hereabouts) the Hospitall of S^t Lawrence had (haply still hath) a portion of tithes. For thus I read in the Hospitals private Leiger. Item praedict. Hosp. percipit totam decimam de campo vocat' Wikesfield, cum 2. crofts ibid' scil. Pitetokkyscroft & Homiscroft juxta Fish∣pole, & jacet inter regiā Strat' vers. South, & Wyke vers. North. & viam quae ducit a cruce quatuor capitum ad Trendels vers. West, & viam quae ducit à Fordwich usque Fishpole vers. East.

Now let me lead you backe from the Mote to Long-port * 2.64 the ancient and first▪ Mannor of S^t August. Abbey, whose bounds and limits are still the same that you shall finde and meet with in the second of King Ethelberts foregoing Char∣ters. Lxx Burgenses erant in Cantuaria Civitate huic manerio pertinentes, saith Doomsday Booke. From this Long-port thus glanced at, let me lead you next by Chantery-lane, anciently called Nova-strata (New-street) to survey the Quondam Chantery there, called Doge's Chantery, built * 2.65 by an Officiall to the Archdeacon of Canterb. and the last Parson of S^t Paul (for in his time, and with his consent the Vicarage there was erected and indowed) one Hamon Doge, in the reigne of Hen. 3. in the yeare of our Lord. 1264. The foundation whereof Thorne records, thus.

Anno Dom. (saith he) 1264. Magister Hamo Doge suae novis∣ssimae memor ordinavit Cantariam pro anima sua parentum suo∣rum, & pro anima Domini Rogeri de Cicestria Abbatis S^• Augu∣stini, & pro animabus Successorum suorum, & pro conventu ejusdem loci, & benefactoribus suis, & eorum successoribus, de

toto capitali Mesuagio cum omnibus ad idem pertinentibus in No∣va strata in parochia sancti Pauli sit. cum quinquaginta & sep∣tem acris terrae & quatuor lib. sex solid. & novem den. annui redditus. Habend' & tenend' omnia praedicta, scilicet in terris, redditibus, messuagiis, viis, planis, pasturis, releviis, curiis; sectis, escaetis, wardis, maritagiis & omnibus aliis libertatibus. Et ordinavit in praedicta Cantaria duos Capellanos in perpetuum; & unus celebret in praedicto mesuagio in libera Cantaria, & alius ad altare S^ti Iohannis Baptistae in ecclesia S^ti Pauli Cant. nisi in∣firmitate ve aliqua necessitate rationabili fuerint praepediti. In creatione verò cujussibet novi Capellani & perpetui ad praedi∣ctam Cantariam admissi idem Capellanus solvet Abbati & Con∣ventui S^ti Aug. Cant. xiij. sol. iiij. den. nomine relevii pro omni∣bus terris & tenementis quae de ipsis tenuerit. Ius verò conferen∣di, instituendi, in corporalem possessionem inducendi & inductum tuendi Abbati & conventui & corum successoribus dedit & con∣firmavit, &c.

Steering our course Southward we come next to the ru∣ines of the late Nonnery, called Saint Sepulchres, founded * 2.66 (not as Wever will, by one of the Abbats of S^t Augustines, nor yet I beleeve to the end that Lambert sayes. i. to serve the necessity of the hot Monkes of that Abbey: but as Thorne reports) by Archbishop Anselm, upon a part of his soile there: The same (I take it) which his predecessor Wlfhelem (long before) purchased, described to lye juxta locum qui dicitur Rethercheap, extra portas Doroberniae q 2.67. But let me give you Thornes not of the foundation. Harum fundator (saith he) fuit Anselmus Archiepiscopus, & quanquam infra limites feodi beati Augustini sint constitutae, tamen in solo Archiepiscopatus sitae sunt. Erat namque ibi ecclesia parochialis in honore Sancti Sepulcri, de patronatu Archiepiscopi exiguis terris circumcincta, ubi in presenti constat eas esse fundatas. You have the foundation. Amongst the rest of the bene∣factors, that afterwards of their Charity endowed this house with revenewes, William Calvell a Citizen of Cant. (of whose name there was of ancient time a flourishing fa∣mily in the City) carries the name and fame for the chiefe.

After that King Rich. 1. had given the Wood or Forest of Blean to Christ-Church, W. the Prior and Covent of the same, granted to this Nonnery, and the Prioresse and Co∣vent r 2.68 thereof as much Wood as one Horse going twice a day could fetch thence, where the Church Wood-Reeves stould appoint (summarium [summagium] unum in boscis * 2.69 nostris bis iturum [habendum] singulis diebus ferialibus, sumen∣dum ubicunque ministris nostris ad custodiam Boscorum nostro∣rum visum fuerit, &c. as the words of the grant are:) Which uncertainty in the yeare. 1270. the Nonnes releasing, had in lieu, and by way of exchange for it, a certaine part or portion of the said Blean-Wood assigned, and made over to them, to wit (as the words of the deed are) Octoginta & decem acras bosci, cum solo terra, fossis & fossatis in bosco Prioris & Conventus in Blen, jacent' in longitudine inter boscum Abbatis de Faversham, quod dicitur Bosindenne vers. West. & boscum Prioris & Conventus vers. Est, & in latitudine inter boscum eorundem Prioris & Conventus, versus North. & rega∣lem viam versus South s 2.70. The which Wood retaines to this day the name of Minchen-Wood, taking it name from the Nonnes, which our Ancestors, from the Saxon Mynecena called Minchens. Or if any man choose rather to derive it from the Latine Monacha, I shall not contend. For as in Egypt in times past, they used to call a Monke, or any man that became noted for his singular Sanctimony of life, Nonnus; so was it then and since, as ordinary for a Nonne or any like holy professor of that sex, to be called Monacha, as it were a shee-monke t 2.71.

In this Blean-Wood (as having this fit occasion I crave leave to observe) the Priory of Saint Gregories, and the Ho∣spitall of Herbal-downe, sometime had the like summarium bosci granted severally to them. The former by Hen. 2. in these words. Vnum summarium bosci in Foresta de Blen, ad usus fociin ipsa ecclesia, & in domibus eidem ecclesiae continen∣tibus in ipsa Civitate Can••uar' u 2.72: The latter by Rich. 1. in the like, to wit these: Vnum summarium in bosco de Sorotte, (which was a part of Blean-Wood, and is now called

Shoorth) ad attrahenda ligna ad opus fratrum x 2.73. In lieu and stead whereof they had severally the like quantity of 90 acres of wood in Blean, afterwards made over to them, as the Nunnery had y 2.74.

To which I return. In the yeare 1184. the Church. i. the Parsonage of S^t Edmund of Ridingate was granted to it by the Abbat and Covent of S. Aug. as I have shewed before more at large in my survey of that gate. The which Church was afterward. i. in the yeare 1349. with the Nunnes con∣sent (being Patrons) united by the then Commissary of Cant. to the Church of S. Mary Bredin, as I there also have noted.

Time and Superiors indulgence bringing their corrupti∣ons, * 2.75 Nunnes were not in processe of time such Recluses as their order required; whence, and upon the command of Pope Boniface the 8. by his letters written to Archbishop Winchelsey and his Suffragans in that behalf z 2.76, as well as by that Decretall of his Cap. vic'. de statu regularium. in sexto. concerning the confining of Nunnes to their Cloy ster: the same Archbishop, in the yeare 1305. inclosed these Nunnes of S. Sep. according to that Constitution a 2.77.

At this place sometime one Elisabeth Barton, more vul∣garly known by the name of the Holy maid of Kent, that great Impostor of her time, was a vailed Nunne and Vota∣risse. Whose pranks and practises, or rather the Monks and other Papalius, by her agency are obvious both in our Sta∣tutes and Stories. It would prove tedious to repeat the whole matter. Accept therefore of this compendium of it in Speeds words. The Romanists (saith he) much fearing that Babel would down, if Queen Anne might be heard against wicked Haman * 2.78, sought to underprop the founda∣tions thereof, with certain devices of their own; and that the same might passe without note of suspicion, they laid their forgery upon Heaven it self; whose pretended ora∣cle Elizabeth Barton (commonly called the Holy maid * 2.79 of Kent) was made to be; and the pillars of this Godlesse fabrick were Edward Bocking, a Monk by profession, and

Doctor of divinitie, Richard Masters parson of Aldington, the * 2.80 town wherein she dwelt, Richard Deering a Monk, Hugh Rich a Frier; Iohn Adestone and Thomas Abell Priests, put to their helping hands, and Henry Gould Batchelor of Divinitie, with Iohn Fisher the Reverend Father of Rochester, imployed * 2.81 their pains to dawb these down-falling walls, with their un∣tempered morter. The Scribes that set their pens for her miracles, were Edward Thwaites gentleman, and Thomas Lawrence Register, besides Hawkherst a Monk, who writ a letter that was forged to be sent her from Heaven; and Ri∣chard Risby and Thomas Gould, were the men which disper∣sed her miracles abroad to the world. This holy maid, Eli∣zabeth, made a Votarisse in Canterbury, was taught by Bock∣ing her ghostly father, and suspected Paramour, to counter∣feit * 2.82 many feigned trances, and in the same to utter many vertuous words for the rebuke of sinne, under which, more freely she was heard against Luthers doctrine, and the Scri∣ptures * 2.83 translation, then desired of many: neither so onely, but that she gave forth from God, and his Saints, by sundry suggestive relations, that if the King proceeded in his di∣vorce, and second marriage, he should not reigne in his Realm one moneth after, nor rest in Gods favour the space * 2.84 of an houre. But the truth discovered by Gods true Mini∣sters, this oracle gave place as all other such did, when Christ by his death stopped their lying mouthes: for her self and seven * 2.85 of her disciples were executed for treason at Tiburne, and the other six put to their fines and im∣prisonment. Thus he.

Shortly this Nunnery was a corporation consisting of a Lady Prioresse and five black vailed Nunnes, whose habit or apparell was a black coat, cloak, coul and vail. It had a common seal and all other requisites of a compleat Nunne∣ry. All which at length tasted of the common calamity and ruine of religious houses in her utter dissolution by Hen. 8. At what time the estimate of her revenues arose unto 38. lib. 19^s 7^d ob. per annum.

It seems the Parish Church of S. Sepulchre was born down * 2.86

in the same fall with the Nonnery. For however frequent mention may be found, both of Parish, Church, and Church∣yard also before, yet since the suppression, the place of the two latter is unknown, the limits of the other uncertain, and the memory of all three almost extinct. Onely that Stonegate by the turning on your left hand to Dover-ward, seems to have been the Western doore of the Church, as I collect by this boundary. De terra quae jacet contra Ecclesiam Sancti Sepulchri juxta vicum quo itur versus Dudindale, ex parte australi dictae ecclesiae b 2.87. The boundary of the piece of ground directly over against it. The last Lady Prioresse of this house, by name Dame Philip Iohn, lies buried in the North Ile of S. Georges Church, which in her will she calls Capella beatae Mariae c 2.88.

Having done with the Nonnery, let us make next to S. Lawrence; an hospitall hard by, dedicate to the broyled Martyr S. Lawrence, when first built; (which as the private Lieger of the place shows) was in the yeare 1137. by Hugh, of that name, the second, Abbat of S. Aug. Hospitale S. Lau∣rentii juxta Cant. fuit fundatum per Dominum Hugonem secundum quondam Abbatem Monasterii S. Augustini Cant. & conventum ejusdem loci 7. kalend. Feb. anno ab incarnatione Domini 1137. & anno regni Regis Stephani, secundo pro 16 fra∣tribus & sororibus, & pro uno Capellano & uno Clerico in eod' Hosp. servien. Thus the Lieger. This Hosp. was intended d 2.89 for the leprous of the Abbey: viz. that if it should so hap∣pen that any profest Monk of that Monastery should be in∣fected with any contagious disease, but above all with the Leprosie, by reason of which sicknesse or infectious mala∣dy, he could not live within the precincts of the Abbey, without prejudice and scandall to the rest of the fraternitie, that then he should be provided for in this Hospitall of a convenient chamber, of meat, drink and apparell, in as full a measure as any one of his brethren living in the Mona∣stery.

Also if it should so happen that the Father, the Mother, the Sister or brother of any Monk of this Monastery should

come to such great want and indigency, as that (to the re∣proach of any of these brethren) he or she be forced to aske at the Gates, the almes of the Fraternity, that then such of them so asking should be provided for in this Hospitall of sufficient sustentation, according to the ability of the house, by the advise and consideration of the Abbat of Saint Augustines, and the Master of this Hospitall for the time being, as further appeares by his Charter (which I have seene in the Hospitals private Leiger) confirmed by many of his successors.

After the founder himselfe (who gave to the mainte∣nance of the Hospitall, nine Acres of ground upon which it was to be erected, and all Tith-corne of the Lordship of Langport, by his Charter of the following lines.

Notum sit omnibus Dei fidelibus tam praesentibus quam poste∣ris, quòd ego secundus Hugo Dei gratia Abbas sancti Augustini ejusdemque loci conventus pro redemptione animarum nostrarum, praedecessorum nostrorum at que successorum concessimus ac dedi∣mus in elemosinam novem acras terrae de dominio nostro precio quondam adquisitas, ad faciendum Hospitale in illis novem acris supra memoratis juxta viam quae a Canterburia ducit ad Dover, in dextra parte viae. Contulimus etiam illi loco ad sustentationem infirmorum aut pauperum decimam totius annonae de tota terra illa quam habemus in dominio in dextra parte viae, & omnem decimam frumenti & pisarum totius terrae quae adjacet ad Lange∣port de dominio nostro in sinistra parte viae. Quicunque igitur pro amore Dei benefecerint insirmis illic habitantibus, & locum illum manutenuerint, benedictionem Dei habeant, & gratiam simul & commune beneficium loci nostri.

The revenewes of this Hospitall were in processe of time much improved by the benevolence of many devoute people, that became benefactors unto it e 2.90. Amongst the which one both of the first and most liberall was the Lord of Dodingdale, a neighbour, by name R. de Marci, who by his deed or Charter, gave unto this Hospitall in Franke∣almoigne, the Tithes of that his whole Mannor. The Char∣ter you shall have anone when I come to Dodingdale. Of

these Tithes shortly after, the Canons of Saint Gregories endeavoured to despoile the Hospitall. For I finde a peti∣tion f 2.91 directed to Herbert the Archdeacon of Canterb. by R. de Marci the foresaid Donor, to this effect, viz. That he would reseize the Hospitall of them as in former yeares, whereas they were that yeare, vi & armis, taken from it by the Religious of Saint Gregories, that he might have no cause of complaint to Richard de Luci, cujus homo sum (saith he) de tota terra mea. Concluding thus: Et certum sit vobis quòd illa decima & plures aliae de terra mea sunt de Capellaria mea, &c. This Herbert (to whom the petition is directed) that you may know the Age of it, was Archdeacon of Can∣terb. in Hen. 2. dayes g 2.92, as Richard de Luci (whom it menti∣ons) was chiefe Justice of the Realme about the the same time h 2.93.

It seemes this Hospitall, and Saint Gregories did not well agree together. For after this, to wit in the yeare 1225. the Proctor and brothers of this Hospitall, sued the Prior and Canons of Saint Gregories, before the Abbat of Fever∣sham, and the Prior and Archdeacon of Rochester (the Popes Deligates, it's like) for the Tithes of Molonde besides Hepyntone, to wit (saith the Leiger i 2.94) of 80 Acres of Land of the Earle of Glocesters Fee; but with what successe I doe not finde.

Now to Dodingdale Tithes againe. Afterwards in the yeare 1320. Robert de Malling, the Commissary of Canterb. gave sentence with this Hospitall for the Tithes both of the same Mannor, and also of 300 Acres and more of Land of Thomas Chich and his Tenents, lying within the limits and bounds of Saint Mary Bredin's Parish, upon cleare evidence of the Hospitals right to the same by ancient Muniments and otherwise k 2.95. For these last named Tithes of the 300. Acres and upwards, there lay a tye of regratulation up∣on the Hospitall. For thus I read in the Leiger: Item prae∣dictum Hospitale percipit totam decimam de 300 acris terrae & ultra Iohannis Chich, de quibus 50 jacent apud Havefeld, & residuum jacet juxta curiam suam, & in Mellefield juxta S^tum

Lawrentium. Et idem Iohannes percipiet de praedict. Hosp. in autumpno pro famulis suis quinque panes frumenti & 2 lagenas & dimid. cervisiae, & dimid' caseum quatuor denarior. Idem etiam percipiet unum par cirocecarum ferinarum pro seipso & unam libram cerae in candelis, & pro famulis suis percipiet tria paria cirocecarum l 2.96.

Many benefactors I could reckon up unto you which this Hospitall hath had: but let these suffice. For, it being now dissolved, and in private hands, I suppose there is lit∣tle of the Revenewes now remaining to it: although it seemes (because an Hospitall) the generall Dissolution tooke no hold of it. For in an ordinary visitation of the place in Cardinall Pooles time, Anno 1557. (long after the common Dissolution) this Accompt of the then state of it is given up to the Visitors, by the Sisters of the place m 2.97.

M^d. they being examined did say that M^r Christopher Hales had a lease of their land, and since his death from one to another till it came to one Tipsall of London, who did make all the spoile of the House. And they say there should be seven Sisters, and a Prioresse, and a Priest found out of the profit of their Lands. The value of their Lands they e∣steeme at xx^l.

Nomina sororum. Iohanna Francis Prior. Elizabeth Oliver. Florence Young, nondum soror.

The cheife Governor of this (as generally of all Hospi∣tals) was called Custos Hospitalis. And he was ever one of the Monkes of S^t Augustines Abbey.

Leaving now this Martyr (or rather martyred) Hospi∣tall; * 2.98 and coaftng still South-ward, we will next visite Du∣dindale or Dodindale, (now called Morton) a Mannor lying within our Cities liberty, knowne anciently and a long time together by the former of these names, whether because a Valley seated betweene Hils bearing out in that forme, or (as Dudley-Castle in Stafford-shire n 2.99) from one Dudo or Dodo, an English-Saxon of that name, that might

be Lord of it, or from what other radix or originall deri∣ved, I know not: but a name (I am sure) by which the an∣cient residentiaries of the place (as places were wont to give names to their Inhabitants) the family of Dudindale or Do∣dindale were of long time knowne, untill that of latter times (as I am credibly informed) the place became the seate of the Mortons, and so lost it former name. The Tithes of this Mannor (of Dodingdale) Richard de Marci (as I told you before in S^t Lawrence) betweene foure and five hundred yeares since, gave unto that Hospitall, by his deed or Charter of this Tenor o 2.100.

Richardus de Marci omnibus suis hominibus Francigenis & Anglicis tam presentibus quam futuris, Salutem. Sciatis me con∣cessisse & dedisse decimas terrae meae de Dodingdale Hospitali S^ti Lawrentii quod est juxta Cant. in perpetuam Elemosinam, pro salute animarum praedecessorum meorum, & mei, & uxoris meae, & meorum infantium: quare volo & praecipio quatenus praedi∣ctum Hospitale decimas praed' habeat & possideat bene & in pace & liberè. Praecipioque ex parte Dei & ex parte mea ut fratres & sorores praedicti Hospitalis habeant decimas illas nominatim ad lineum pannum emendum in festo Sancti Iohannis Baptistae, quia credo quòd tunc mei & meorum memores eru••.

The Church of Rochester hath, or at least sometime had, a portion of Tithes at or neare this place. For as M^• Selden (from the Chartulary of that late Monastery) relates p 2.101. Hai∣mo silius Guidonis de Dudindale, confirmes, in puram & per∣petuam elemosinam; the gift made by his Ancestors, Gerold his Grand-father and Guy his Father, of all the Tithes of his Land in Dudindale; which was afterward confirmed also by his sonne and heire Iohn. This Tithery at this day passeth by the name of Dodingdale Tithery. Of which all or some part (it seemes) lay within the limits of Saint Mary Castle Parish in Cant. as I collect hence, that (as I have it from Doctor Tillesley q 2.102) a cause was brought in the yeare 1231. by Richard Vicar sanctae Mariae de Castello, against the Prior of Rochester, for the Tith of an Acre of Land, which was gi∣ven, by the predecessors of Iohn of Dudindale, to the Prio∣ry:

as by the sentence afterward appeared.

Neere unto this place lyes another Dale or Valley called * 2.103 (because it was parcell of the Monks demeasnesse of Christ-Church) Monkesdane. It lyes by the place, from the darke vaults (dungeon-like) which the much digging of chalke there hath occasioned, called the divells Court-hall. At this place there once happened a very sad dysaster, which stands upon record. For (as I read in the Crowne-Rolles) Simon filius Adae de Colynham, & Hen. filius Hen. Thetchere de Cant. sedebant die sabbati in crastino Sancti Marci, Anno R. R. Ed. filii Regis Ed. 17. in quodam loco subterraneo apud Monekesdan' in Suburbio Cant. qui cedebant lapides, pro calce ibidem faciend': quos per infortunium terra supercecidit, ita quòd corpora eorum conquassabuntur, unde moriebantur inconti∣nenti.

Having done with this place and Dodingdale; let us * 2.104 wheele about and come to Saint Iames, or to Saint Iacobs, as we now call it. An Hospitall for Leprous Women, dedi∣cate to the blessed Apostle Saint Iames. It lyes not (I must confesse) within the tether of our Cities perambulation: but yet borders upon it, the bounds of the City lying a∣longst the Hospitall Wall; wherefore I knew not how to balke it. It was built by Queene Eelanor wife to King Hen. 3. saith Lambert r 2.105, followed by Wever s 2.106. Upon what ground I know not. Surely erroneous. For of certaine it was an Hospitall before Hen. 3. reigne. In King Iohns time, and that toward the beginning of his reigne (for as it appeares by the Sigle, which is H: it was in Archbishop Huberts dayes, who dyed in the sixth or seventh of King Iohn) the Monkes, that is the Prior and Covent of Christ-Church, by their letters (as I may call them) of protection, tooke it into their custody, charge and patronage; and for the future ingage themselves to a perpetuall forme of reigle∣ment thereof, as you may see by what here followes t 2.107.

OMnibus Christi sidelibus ad quos praesens scriptū pervenerit G. Prior & Conventus ecclesiae Christi Cant. in D^o. salutem.

Sciatis quod intuitu caritatis & pietatis, de consensu & volun∣tate Domini nostri H. Archiepiscopi & ad petitionem magistri Firmini custodis domus sancti Iacobi extra Cant. recepimus in custodiam & protectionem nostram praedict. Domum S^ti Iacobi extra Cant. sitam. Et tenebimus in eadem domo semper tres sa∣cerdotes hic per nos instituend. Qui erint professi in eadem prae∣dicta domo in forma & habitu religionis. Quorum unus cotidie celebrabit missam de beata virgine, alius cantabit requiem pro benefactoribus ejusdem domus, tertius dicet commune servitium, & isti tres sacerdotes habebunt unum clericum. Et erint in pre∣dicta domo. semper xxv mulieres leprosae per nos instituendae. De ecclesia de Bradegate & aliis redditibus & terris & substan∣tiis & elemosinis & obventionibus ejusdem domus providebimus tam sacerdotibus illis quam leprosis praedict' necessaria. Et ut haec supradicta firma & inconcussa permaneant imposterum pre∣senti carta nostra & sigilli nostri appositione roboravimus: sal∣va dignitate Domini Archiepiscopi. His testibus Gilberto Rof∣fensi Episc' H. Cant. Archidiac' Rogero Abbate sancti August. Algaro Abbate de Faversham, &c.

Afterwards Hen. 3. towards the augmentation of the Hospitals indowment gives to it the personage of Brade∣gate, in these words u 2.108.

HEnricus Dei gratia Rex Angliae & Dux Normanniae & Aquitanniae & Comes Andegav' Archiepiscopis, Episc', Abbatibus, Prioribus & Comitibus, Baronibus, Iusticiariis, Vi∣car. Ministris & omnibus fidelibus suis Angl' Salutem. Sci∣atis me dedisse in liberam & perpetuam elemosinam & presenti carta mea confirmasse leprosis mulieribus Hospitalis sancti 1. apud Cant. ecclesiam de Bradegate cum omnibus pertinentiis suis. Ita quòd M^r Firminus libere omnia teneat & possideat tota vita sua, & post decessum ejus libera remaneant praedictis mulieribus leprosis. Quare volo & firmiter precipio quòd eedem leprosae mu∣lieres eandem ecclesiam habeant & teneant in libera & perpetua elemosina sicut predeterminatum est, bene & in pace, liberè & quietè, integrè & plenariè & honorificè cum omnibus pertinentiis

suis & libertatibus & liberis consuetudinibus suis. Hiis testi∣bus, &c.

It had much other revenewes, as appeares by the Inven∣tory thereof taken and presented to the Commissioners authorised to examine such matters by the Stat. 37. Hen. 8. cap. 4. Amongst the which, one, both of the principall and first, was the Ferme in the Parishes of Hakynton and Blean, for Firmin's Barton (as the fore-cited Inventory cals it) vulgarly miscalled Infirme-Barton, and of some, miscon∣ceived to have appertained to Saint Augustine. Probably so named from that M^r Firmin or Feramin, the quondam Master of that Hospitall, whereof mention is before made in each of the Precedent Charters, the Donor thereof (I take it) and (I beleeve) a chiefe agent in the Hospitals do∣tation, if not first erection also. The rest of the revenew lay at Egerton, Charing, Mersham, Bleane, Hakynton, Natin∣don, Thamington, Shadoxherst, Kingsnoth, Rokinge, and in and about the City; altogether in the Inventory summo∣ned up, de claro, at 46^l. 6^s. 3^d. If any thinke it worth their labour to peruse the Survey of the State of this Hospitall in every particular as it was presented to those Commissi∣oners, it is in my custody, at their service. It payeth now no Tith at all (nor by law ought to pay any de hortis et ani∣malibus x 3.1:) but by that Survey it evidently appeares a con∣sideration in money in lieu of Tith of the site of the Hospi∣tall, paid to the Parson of Thanington, viz. 18^d. per annum.

However the generall Dissolution spared this Hospitall, (as I thinke it did:) yet it seemes it did not long survive the same. For what saith the Record y 3.2 taken of the State of it in Cardinall Pooles Visitation, holden Anno 1557? Me∣morand' (saith the same) that Young the Fermor saith that Freeman, and one Dartnall caused the Sisters to surrender the house to the King, and from the King this same came to the said Dartnall, by the Kings Letters Patents, and saith that their Lands were worth a hundreth markes by the yeare, and saith that it is in divers mens hands, whereof

S^r Edward Walton hath bought a great part of the lands which lieth about him, and he himself hath the Mansion house and a part of the land, and saith that the sisters have xlvj^s. viij^d. by the yeare pension, and there is but one alive that he knoweth.

I will now crosse the meadows and river and make up to * 3.3 Herbaldown, to take a survey of the Hospitall there. It lies also (I confesse) out of the liberty of the City. Yet, for neighbourhood sake, and in regard it was built for the be∣nefit of leprous people of the City (as I conceive:) and continues a harbour to the aged poore (chiefly) of the same, I have thought it worthy our survey.

Before I enter upon which (because this was also a Lazar * 3.4 house) let me take a little notice of the wondrous com∣monnesse of that loathsome disease, the Elephantiasy, or Leprosie in this kingdome of old time: which M^r Cambden z 3.5 thinks entered this Iland with the Normans. A rare dis∣ease amongst us (thanked be God) in these dayes, and from what cause so much abounding as in our forefathers, is not now of us easily discovered. It seems to have been a nationall malady, and accordingly in all parts provision made for receit and relief of such persons as that (as I may call it) comitiall disease had marked out for sequestration from publick commerce. Whereof there were no lesse then three about this City, this of Herbald one, S. Iacobs another, and S. Lawrence a third. The chief for wealth in the whole kingdome, and head to all the rest, was that called Burton∣lazars in Leicestershire a 3.6. The priviledges communicable to the benefactors (and those of the fraternitie) of which Spittle (the baits they laid to take devout people withall) the following instrument will shew, if you peruse it.

VNiversis sanctae matris ecclesiae filiis ad quos praesentes lite∣rae pervenerint, Frater Willielmus Sutton Magister de Bur∣ton * 4.1 sanc' Lazari ordinis Ierlm' in Anglia & ejusdem loci confratres, salutem ac utriusque hominis incrementum. Quum quanto magis spiritualia dona erogantur, tanto ut credimus po∣tentiora

aeternae salutis praemia consequantur. Igitur verae dilecti∣onis vestrae innotescimus per praesentes qd' sanctae Romanae eccle∣siae Pontifices ex eorum plenitudine potestatis nobis gratiosè indul∣serunt ut omnibus qui de facultatibus & bonis suis eisdem à Deo collatis subvenerint, seu ad benefaciendum nobis alios exortati fuerint, vel in nostram fraternitatem extiterint assumpti toties quoties unum annum de injuncta eis poenitentia misericorditer relaxarunt, et ad plenam participationem omnium missarum ma∣tutinarum et aliarum orationum et devotionum in singulis eccle∣siis nostri ordinis per orbem Dei offerendarum admittunt, ac sin∣gulis annis die Veneris majoris ebdomadae proprio Curato ple∣nam concedunt potestatem eisdem absolvendi ab omnibus peccatis et criminibus nisi talibus super quibus sedes Apostolica sit meri∣tò consulenda. Vota igitur abstinentiae et peregrinationis quaecun∣que commutandi in alia pia subsidia et dona caritativa domui sive hospitali nostro de Borton sancti Lazari Ier'lm' eroganda, Votis ad terram sanctam et ad limina beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli et voto castitatis in vita duntaxat exceptis: In articulo ve∣rò mortis omnium peccatorum suorum plenam remissionem. Per∣sonis autem ecclesiasticis in nostram fraternitatem assumptis qui propter notam irregularitatis sententiā à canone vel homine con∣tractam ad Sed. Apostolicam pro absolutionis beneficio deberent accedere, ut id à proprio Curato valeant recipere misericorditer concesserunt. Ac etiam ab eodem Curato proprio de horarum ca∣nonicarum aut servitii divini omissione pro recompenso plenam remissionem accipere valeant. Insuper si ecclesiae ad quas perti∣nent qui in nostram fraternitatem sunt assumpti ab officiis & servitio divino fuerint interdict' ipsósque mori contigerint eis∣dem sepultura ecclesiastica non negetur nisi vinculo excommuni∣cationis majoris nominatim fuerint innodati. Nos igitur Ma∣gistri & Confratres Hospitalis praedict' auctoritate Apostolica vi∣goréque privilegiorum in nostram fraternitatem sanctam Iohan∣nem Dyg & Iohannam consortem devotè recipientes nostro∣rum privilegiorum, Indulgentiarum & aliorum pietatis operum participes in omnibus facimus per praesentes sigillo nostrae frater∣nitatis signat'. Dat' apud Borton Sancti Lazari praedict' in domo nostra Capitulari, Anno Dom. Millesimo cccc^o octogesimo quarto.

Thus endorsed.

AVctoritate Domini nostri Iesu Christi & ex spirituali gratia mihi concessa à sanctissimo Domino nostro Papa. Ego ab∣solvo te ab omnibus peccatis tuis quae contra Deum & teipsum fecisti, necnon ab omnibus sententiis, interdictis & suspensionibus concedo tibi plenam remissionem si in hac infirmitate decesseris & in mortis articulo existas, alioquin ex misericordia Dei salva sit tibi gratia donec fueris in mortis articulo constitutus, Amen.

But enough of this. Come we now to the Hospitall it self. Whereof let me first give you the foundation, as Ed∣merus hath it b 4.2. Remotiùs verò (saith he, having immediate∣ly before mentioned the foundation of S. Iohns Hospitall without Northgate) quam à Boreali ab Occidentali porta Ci∣vitatis ligneas domos in devexo montis latere fabricans, (mean∣ing Lanfranc) eas ad opus leprosorum delegavit, viris, quem∣admodum in aliis, à foeminarum societate sejunctis. His nihilo∣minus pro qualitate sui morbi omnia quibus egerent de suis mini∣strari constituit, institutis ad hoc peragendum talibus viris de quorum solertia, benignitate ac patientia, ut sibi quidem videba∣tur, nemini foret ambigendum. Thus he. By which it ap∣peares who was the founder, the time also, and end or intent of the foundation of Herbald. Hosp. My Author you see specifies not the indowment setled upon it by the founder. With your leave I will supply that omission and shew you both what the originall indowment was, and how afterwards improved.

Archbishop Richard, Beckets immediate Successor in a charter c 4.3 (which I have seen) of his to this, and S. Iohns Hosp. relating first their erection by his predecessor Lan∣franc, shews that he indowed them with sevenscore pound per annum, to issue and arise out of his Mannors of Reculver and Bocton, that is, to either Hospitall after an equall divi∣sion, 70 lib. per annum. This now was the originall indow∣ment of both these Hospitalls. With which the same Ri∣chard, finding them scarce well able to subsist, in augmen∣tation, added 20 lib. per annum more to their former means,

payable out of Reculver Parsonage. Which 160 lib. conti∣nued afterwards constantly paid unto them, and un-altered, untill Archbishop Kilwardby's dayes. For so it appeares by an exemplification made of certain Charters of those Ho∣spitalls, under the seal of Thomas Chicheley, D^• of the De∣crees, Archdeacon of Canterbury, and Prothonotary to the Pope, and signed by his Registrorum Custos and Actorum S••ri∣ba: namely, that from Beckets time downward untill Kil∣wardbyes, these 2 Hospitalls had and received by equall di∣vision yearely 240 marks or 160 lib. of the Archbishops Chamber, saving that 20 lib. of it was paid them of the Parson of Reculver. This, Kilwardby misliking, withdraws their stipend, and in lieu assignes and appropriat•• over to them his Parsonage of Reculver, with the Chapels annexed. But for some inconveniences (that of the leprous conditi∣on of the people of this Hospitall, the main, rendring them both unable and unfit to attend and intermeddle in a tithe∣ry, especially so remote:) his next Successor Iohn Peckham alters and revokes what he (Kilwardby) had done, and red∣integrates the Hospitalls into their former estate. Archbi∣shop Stratford afterwards gets the King (Ed. 3.) of whom this Parsonage held in capite, by his Charter, to appropri∣ate it mensae Archiepiscopali, to the Archbishops table, yet charged with that old payment or stipend, which Simon I slip afterwards, with consent of the Chapter, the Prior and Co∣vent, confirms unto them, and that (for the better strength∣ning of their title, maintainable as yet onely by customa∣ry right, having no sufficient jus scritpum to show) by his charter in writing, whereby to recover it, if at any time de∣nied or detained. Ever since which time they have peace∣ably enjoyed the same. These things I thought good the rather to deduce, that I might vindicate that false aspersion wherewith some of the old people of these Hospitalls, ig∣norant altogether of the premised passages, are wont to de∣prave some of the Archbishops of former times, for depri∣ving them of this and that Mannor, and I know not what other means, revenues and indowment, wherewith they

say and will tell you their houses were at first so richly in∣dowed, as they cannot think their Prior of old time, any lesse man forsooth then a Lord Prior, I wot. But thus o∣thers have told them, and they think they may take it up upon trust, and say as much after them.

I shall not insist on the specification of the other reve∣nues of this Hospitall, whereof, by the charity of former times, it hath a pretty competency: Eilgar at Bourne and Iohn of Tonford neighbours to the place in their time being the prime (I take it) of the secular benefactors, as King Hen. 3. was of the Royall, who gave to the poore here 20 marks a yeare, out of of the City Fee-ferme, payable by the Chamber.

This Hospitalls ancient governour, now called a Master, was a Deane. For to a very ancient deed of the Hospitall (amongst other witnesses) one Benedict in the first place subscribes, with this addition of tunc temporis Decani de san∣cto Nicolao. Pope Iohn 23. d 4.4 by his bull, discharged this Ho∣spitall of payment of tithes de hertis, virgultis & animalium nutrimentis.

Hitherto and enough of the care taken for their bodies, and the furnishing of them with the necessaries of this life. Next, of the provision made for their souls, and their Chri∣stian instruction that might prepare them for that better one to come.

Adjoyning to this Hospitall is an indifferent fair Church, lately (as the Hospitall) by the cost of the reverend Ma∣ster, * 4.5 D^r Iackson, much beautified, which sometimes was a Parish Church, and hath in it a Font (an ancient one) and to it a Church-yard (the badges and characters of a Paro∣chiall Church:) and in the account of the state and con∣dition of the Hospitall given to the Commissioners upon the Stat. 37. H. 8. c. 4. it is avouched to be a Parish Church, and to have parochiall rights; and Archbishop Stratfords ap∣propriation of it to Eastbridge (whereof anon) calls it eccle∣siam parochialem (the Parish Church.) It was indeed the Church of the Parish of S. Nicholas at Herbaldowne: the

bounds, extent and continent whereof I have not hitherto met with: onely once I saw a deed registred in the Lieger of Eastb. Hosp. 400 yeares old and upwards, mentioning a piece of land, abutting Eastward to the high-way leading to the Barton of Westgate (.i. Westgate-Court) from Ton∣ford, therein said to lie in the Parish of S. Nicholas of Her∣bald. A Parsonage it once was; payeth Procurations to this day, as a Parsonage, and by the same name was in the yeare 1292. at the generall valuation made of all ecclesiasticall livings in this Diocesse e 4.6, valued at 9 marks per annum, (more then most of the Parsonages in and neare about the City were rated at:) and accordingly the tenths set at xij^s. And the ancient Incumbent thereof (as a Parson and Parsonage are relatives) was a Rector, or in the phrase of our Municipalls) a Parson Anno 37. Hen. 3. one Thomas Wal∣sham, by his charter granted f 4.7 to William the brother of Gilbert, of S. Nicholas of Herbald. a certain croft, unto which deed one Luke the then Parson of S^t Michael of Herbald. (amongst others) was a witnesse. To this Church, and the then Presbyter thereof (the Parsonage and Parson, (as we since phrase it, of S^t Nicholas) Theobald the Archbi∣shop, by his Charter attested by Walter the then Prior of Christ-Church (amongst others) granted the tithes of his and his Sees Mannor of Westgate g 4.8. The Parsonage thus improved, a Successor of Theobald, Iohn Stratford, in the yeare 1342. 15. Ed. 3. upon his novell ordination of the Ho∣spitall of Eastbridge in Canterbury, and in and by the same Charter, annexed and appropriated to that Hospitall (the Deed or Charter whereof I purpose shall follow in my Sur∣vey of Eastbridge:) But because it should seem that Church had been the Hospitall Church of S^t Nicholas, wherein the poore there had the Sacraments and Sacramentals mini∣stred unto them, by the Incumbent for the time be∣ing, (it was built for them, as Archbishop Parker sayes, by Lanfranc their founder) the appropriator, Stratford, to prevent and provide against all damage and detriment which that appropriation might occasion to S^t Nicholas

Hospitall, obligeth Estbridge Hospitall to the finding (not of a Vicar, the living was too slender to maintaine one, but) of a Chaplaine who should officiate and minister to them in divinis (as the foresaid Instrument will show:) In this, Archbishop Wittlesey afterwards finding some incon∣venience, * 4.9 Anno 1371. erects a perpetuall Chantery, the Chantery-Priest whereof (because of the danger of con∣versing with the Hospitallers, being leprous people many of them) seated and housed a part, viz. over against the Hospitall gate, and endowed with a competency of reve∣new, partly from the one, partly from the other Hospitall; was charged with cure of soules, and to that end tyed to perpetuall residence upon it, as the instrument of that Chanteries erection and dotation (to be sought in my Ap∣pendix h 4.10) more at large will show. In this wise things stood with the Church of Saint Nicholas afterward untill the lat∣ter end of Hen. 8. or beginning of Ed. 6. reigne. About which time the Chantery and Chantery-Priest vanished. Since when, the Church continuing to the Hospitall, the poore are served there in divinis, by one in orders, a mem∣ber of the house.

I was willing to enlarge my selfe in this matter the ra∣ther, because the state of this Church inquired into by some, but unknowne of most, I would make as evident as my reading and observation had enabled me. And so I have onely a tale to tell you from Erasmus touching an old cere∣mony used heretofore in this Hospitall (as Wever hath a∣bridged it:) and I shall take leave of it. In this house (saith Wever i 4.11) was reserved the upper leather of an old shooe, which had beene worne (as they gave it out) by Saint Tho∣mas Becket: this shooe, as a sacred relique, was offered to all passengers to kisse; faire set in Copper, and Chrystall.

What he there addes of a Priory of black Canons, which (as he saith) was originally annexed to this Hospitall by Lanfranc the founder, is but a tale. The man was mistaken in this, as he is much out in many other things about this City. The Priory, I wot, by him intended is that of Saint

Gregory without Northgate, over against Saint Iohns Ho∣spitall there of Lanfranc's foundation, to which it was not annexed neither, much lesse to Herbald. but an injunction onely laid upon the Canons of the place to minister unto the poore of Saint Iohns in things appertaining to their soules health, and in rites of buriall, as in proper place I shall further show.

My progresse being circular I am bound next for Saint Stephens or Hakynton. Whither my next way lyes (by Beau∣sherne, * 4.12 anciently as still a parcell of the Demeasnesse of Poore Priests-Hospitall in Cant.) over Saint Thomas-hill. * 4.13 Where I will stay you no longer then whilest I may give you the derivation of the Hils name. The Inventory of Rents and Revenewes of Esbridge Hospitall presented to the Commissioners upon the Stat. 37. Hen. 8. cap. 4. cals it Thomas Becket's Hill. And that (I suppose) either because the greatest part of the demeanes or endowment of that Hospitall, built by Archbishop Becket, and to this day cal∣led Hospitale sancti Thomae martyris de Eastbridge, lay, as it doth still, about that Hill; or else from a Chapell sometime standing thereaway, called Saint Thomas Chapell, where∣of in a deed of Eastbridge-Lieger of divers quit-rents extra Westgate, I read as followeth: Iuxta campum in quo nova ca∣pella beati Thomae Martyris fuerat. So much of that. Now for Hakynton.

I might here enter into a large discourse of the fierce quarell that happened betweene Baldwin the Archbishop, and his Monkes, the Prior and Covent of Christ-Church about a colledge by him intended to have beene erected at this place, which (the cause of their opposition) would mainely have damnified the Monkes, had the project suc∣ceeded. But the story is delivered by so many hands alrea∣dy, and that so fully and at large, that (not desirous to make my booke swell with other mens labours) I purposely spare the recitall of it, and referre the Reader, for satis∣faction, to the Antiquitates Britannicae, the Catalogue of Bishops, to the Acts and Monuments, and Lamberts per∣ambulation.

I my selfe also shall have occasion to give a touch upon it hereafter, in the life both of the same Bald∣win, and of Alanus the Prior.

I passe from Hakynton, and crossing the Meadowes and * 4.14 River at Barton (sometime a Mannor of Christ-Church, and that which Doomesday Booke calls Northwood, from it may seeme the sometime wooddy condition of some part of the soile; in speaking whereof Lambert k 4.15 commits some errors, especially in saying the Mannor was long time in the possession of certaine Gentlemen of the same name, &c.) I come next to the Suburbs without Northgate. Where, after we are past Iesus Hospitall, a Spittle for the * 4.16 poore served there with good annuall allowance by the Founder, Saint Iohn Boys Knight deceased, (whose Monu∣ment placed by his Tombe against the North-wall of the Body of Christ-Church, further sets forth what he was:) the Priory of Saint Gregories, and the opposite Hospitall of Saint Iohns minister unto me much matter of Survey. I shall first, from Edmerus l 4.17, give you their foundation joyntly, and then treate of them in severall.

Extra aquilonalem denique portam urbis illius lapideam do∣mum decentem & amplam construxit, & ei pro diversis neces∣situdinibus hominum & commoditatibus habitacula plura cum spaciosa eurte adjecit. Hoc palatium in duo divisit, viros viz. variis infirmitatum qualitatibus pressos uni; parti verò alteri foeminas se malè habentes instituens. Ordinavit etiam eis de suo vestitum, & victum quotidianum; Ministros quoque at∣que custodes qui modis omnibus observarent ne aliquid eis deesset, neque viris ad foeminas, vel foeminas ad viros accedendi facultas ulla adesset. Ex altera verò parte viae Ecclesiam in honorem beati Gregorii Papae composuit, in qua Canonicos posuit, qui regula∣riter viverent, & praefatis infirmis quae saluti animarum sua∣rum congruerent cum Sepultura ministrarent. Quibus etiam in Terris, in Decimis, & in aliis redditibus tantae largitus est, ut ad sustentationem eorum sufficientia esse viderentur.Thus Ed∣merus.

The Priory (to begin with that) was you see a house of

regular Canons, otherwise called (from their habite, * 4.18 which was a white coate, and a linen rochet, under a blacke cope, with a scapular to cover their head and shoul∣ders m 4.19) blacke Canons: of the order of Saint Augustine, as appeares by the Catalogue of the Monasteries of that order (among which it is reckoned for one:) which coming in and compounding with the King (Ed. 1.) about a subsidy (for deniall whereof by the whole cleargy, regulating themselves by the Popes constitution, and their Archbi∣shops example, they were by Parliament excluded from the Kings protection, and their goods pronounced confiscate to the King) obtained letters of protection n 4.20.

It was (I take it) the first house of Regular Canons in the whole Kingdome. Sure I am it was erected long before the Priory (of the same order) at Nosthill in Yorkeshire, which Reynor o 4.21 saith was the first the Kingdome had, being built (as he delivers) by Adelwold or Ethelwolph, Hen. 1. his confessor, that first (if we may beleeve him) brought the order into this Land.

What number of Canons here were required by the foundation, I know not, but in a visitation p 4.22 of the Priory by Cardinall Bourchier, onely five give up their names with the Prior, who indeed then complained of the pauci∣ty of his Canons, which (as he layes the fault) was occasi∣oned by the diminution of their revenewes, or (in his owne words) their Lands, Tents and Rents. Which their reve∣new what it was, or where it lay, I can say but little; because I could never as yet get a sight of the Leiger.

Concerning this Priory, in the Booke of Doomsday, in the Archbishops Mannor of Stove-saete or Westgate (as we now call it) thus I read. Et inibi sunt iterum xxx. & ij. mansurae & unum molendinum, quae tenent clerici sancti Gre∣gorii ad eorum ecclesiam. Ibique manent xij. Burgenses qui reddunt eis xxxv^s. & molendinum reddit v^s. The same Dooms∣day in another place, under the Title of the City mentions the same thing, but with some little variation, thus. Ar∣chiepiscopus habet infra Civitatem Cant. xij. Burgenses, & xxx.

mansuras quas tenent clerici de villa ingildam suam, & red∣dunt xxxv^s. & unum molendinum reddit v^s. This Priory had other indowment, consisting (as Edmerus showes) as well in Tithes as Temporalties. As for their Titheries, in the yeare 1292. (at what time their Temporalties in Canterbury, Natyndon, Hugevelde, Chertham, Tanintone, and Herbal∣downe, were together valued at xxx^l. xv^s.) they were these, the Parsonages of Taninton, Westgate, Northgate, S^t Dunstan, Natindon, Livingsborn, Waltham, Elmested, Be∣trichedenne, Stallesfield. Together with certaine Titheries in Goldstaneston, Berham, Plukele, and Risseburne q 4.23. The whole revenew every way M^r Lambert reckons up to but 30^l. fal∣ling much short of Speeds estimate, which is 166^l. 4^s. 5^d. Whether of them is mistaken, I leave it to them to inquire that please to search the Record.

As for any remarkeable matter or occurrence concer∣cerning this Priory untill the suppression, I read of none r 4.24 beside the firing of it in King Stephens dayes.

As appertaining, so also adjoyning to this Priory, before and untill the Dissolution (yea and after too) was a Coemi∣tery or Church-yard, not proper onely to the Priory, for the buriall of the Domesticks, but which was (whether of right, or by curtesie onely, I know not) common to others also with them, and those not the Hospitallars onely (the reason why they were till very lately destitute of any Church-yard within themselves) but also the Parishioners of Northgate, their neighbours, of which Church this Pri∣ory had the Patronage, who did constantly, by their Wils, appoint their Burials in that Church-yard, and never men∣tion other of their owne: it faring with them as with those other Parish Churches of the City, which belonging some to Christ-Church, some to Saint Augustines, had their want of Church-yards supplyed by those Monasteries. This at Saint Gregories continued to the Parish of Northgate after the dissolution, untill (as the tradition goes) Sir Iohn Boys the late Tenent to the Priory obtained to appropriate and inclose it upon exchange of the moderne Church-yard

ground for it with the Churchwardens of Northgate for the time being. It continued (I say) till then to the Pa∣rish, for a buriall place; de facto, but was not acknowledged theirs of right. For at a visitation s 4.25 holden in the yeare 1560. it is from Northgate, by the sworn men (inter alia) thus presented viz. That M^r May doth withhold part of the Church-yard &c. This M^r May (it seems) was then tenent to the Priory. Who in defence of himself being convented upon this presentment, exhibuit literas Regias patentes (as the act of court runs:) per quas patet cimiterium esse jus heredi∣tarium Reverendissimi, &c. Afterwards, viz. anno 1573. at another visitation t 4.26, it was from the same place thus present∣ed, to wit, That their Church-yard is not decently kept, neither can they bury in it unlesse they pay 2^d. for an old bo∣dy, and a penny for a childe.

It hath been a thing much controverted between the * 4.27 City and this Priory, whether it be of the Cities liberty or not. Now not out of any desire I have to stickle in the mat∣ter, but for manifestation and maintenance of a truth here∣in thē best I am able, unto which by occasion of the places survey, I am in a manner engaged, I shall without partiali∣tie deliver what, in matter of fact, I know may conduce to the clearing of this doubt and quieting the debate. In the yeare 1269. anno 53. Hen. 3. I finde u 4.28 the Prior of S^t Grego∣ries, by the same writ with the Prior of Christ-Church, the Abbat of S. Augustines and others, after a legall discussion of the case by enquiry and verdict of select men of the City, and voicinage, acquited by the Kings writ of tallage, .i. of being within compasse of tallage with the City. Besides in the Argument drawn up by the Abbat of S^t Aug. in de∣fence of himself and his Abbey against the City, challen∣ging the Abbey and some of her neighbouring demaines to be of and within the liberty of the City in Hen. 6. time, amongst other heads thereof (that it might not seeme strange, that the Abbey being in the Suburbs, and so neare the City wall, should neverthelesse be exempt from the Franchise of the same, by shewing how the matter stood

in same state with other like places about the City: this Priory is pleaded to be as without the walls, so without the liberty also of the same City in these words, viz. Ac etiam quòd sunt aliqua loca adeo prope muros Civitatis praedictae sicut sunt loci in praedictis articulis ballivorum praedict &c. contenti quae semper fuerunt extra praedictam Civitatem, praecinctum, libertatem aut suburbia ejusdem, viz. vicus de Westgate, vicus Sancti Martini, Prioratus Sancti Gregorii, Hospitale Sancti Io∣annis de Northgate &c. In H. 8. time certain articles were concluded between the Prior of this house and the Covent of the same on the one party, and the Major and Common∣alty of the City of the other party, for the composing of this difference about the temporall Jurisdiction of the place. Which composition, from the records of the cham∣ber, I shall in my Appendix present the Reader with. Vide. pag. 246.

But leaving these things, and the house, I come next to * 4.29 the ground lying behinde it, sometime the Canons orchard or garden: where are yet standing or rather falling (and yeelding to time) the ruines of an old chapell, a barn I wot of late, dedicate to that once reputed holy Martyr S^t Thomas of Cant. and called (as I finde by the will x 4.30 of one William Harry of S^t Martin, anno 1461. who gave a legacy unto it) Capella fraternitatis sancti Thomae Martyris existen' in orto sancti Gregorii. I will close this discourse of S^t Gre∣gories with the following memorandum, touching the water∣course of Christ-Church running through this part of it. * 4.31 Memorandum (saith a book of Christ-Church) de carta Prioris & Conventus sancti Gregorii Cant. specialem mentionem faci∣end. & expressum quòd aquaeductum Prioris & Conventus eccle∣siae Christi Cant. per pomarium suum transeuntem salvum & il∣laesum quantum in eis est conservabunt, & permittent operarios dictae ecclesiae Christi Cant. quotiens necesse fuerit ad eundem aquaeductum emendandum per Curiam & portam suam liberum habere ingressum & egressum, &c. Dated anno 1227.

I return now to the Hospitall, whose foundation being * 4.32 premised, her dotation should follow: but what I might

here say of it, is already said and may be seen in that of Her∣baldowne, the other twin as I may call it, for their parity as well in time as manner, both of their erection and originall endowment. This of S. Iohns time was fired in Ed. 3. time, as I finde by certain letters of the Hospitall under their seal, framed after the manner of a brief, & directed to all prelates in generall, wherein they in pitifull manner deplore their miserable estate occasioned (as they say) by a late lament∣able fire happening in their house, which had wasted their Hospitall and adjacent edifices, in the which were more then an 100 poore people sustained, with desire of their cha∣ritable relief, letting them know (as the most perswasive Rhetorick of that age) what indulgences had been grant∣ed to their benefactors by severall Archbishops and Bishops of former times.

This Hospitall hath a faire Chapel to it decently kept, * 4.33 wherein divine service is said, the Sacraments administred, and Gods word preached to them of the house. Their pre∣sent Chaplains stipend is the same with his predecessors of old, 8 lib. per annum. The Chapell hath had some dome∣stick benefactors. Amongst others, one William Garnar, who in the yeare by his will y 4.34 gave xl^s to the mending of the steeple, and 4 lib. for a new bell. Iohn Roper another, who in the yeare 1526. by his will z 4.35 took order with his Exe∣cutour for the new building of the side Chancells Eastern window (being the window, as he calls it, of our Ladies al∣tar) proportionable and correspondent to that of the quire. The Chapell affoords these Monuments of some note.

Orate proanima Aliciae Ashburneham filiae & heredis Williel∣mi Tooke armigeri & Aliciae Woodland uxoris ejus & antea fuit uxor Thomae Roper Gent. quae obiit xvij die April. Anno R. R. Hen. 8. xv. & Anno Domini 1524. Cujus animae &c.

She lieth in the same side Chancell: in the said Eastwin∣dow whereof these words are yet legible.

Orate pro—Rooper & probono—Thomasinae uxoris ejus —Domini 1529.

In the quire-window.

Orate pro bono statu—Hyllys fratris istius Hospitalis & Prior, qui ab hoc seculo migravit, qui fenestram istam fieri fecit, Anno Domini 1474.

It is a very brave window, having in so many panes, every of the twelve Apostles pourtrayed, with the severall ar∣ticles of the Creed that they are said to make.

In the South-window.

Orate pro animabus Domini Willielmi Septvans &—consor∣tis suae.

Archbish. Stratford erecting and endowing the Vicarage of Northgate-Church, expressely reserves and excepts from the Vicar thereof the tithes of this Hospitall, in these words. Oblationibus & obventionibus Hospitalis de Northgate, duntaxat exceptis. In what case and estate the Commission∣ers upon the Statute 37. H. 8. c. 4. found the present Ho∣spitall, were it not too tedious of recitall, I would here sub∣joyne. I suspect a fleecing ofit as of other like places by the sacrilegious pilferies of those ravenous and wretched times set upon the spoil even of (what the Proverb might have stav'd them from) the very spittle it self. I could in∣stance in some particulars wherein it suffered, but my haste will not permit me.

I have now surrounded the Suburbs, yet having hitherto said nothing of Westgate-street, the Suburbs (I mean) ly∣ing * 4.36 without Westgate, exempt from the libertie and Fran∣chese of the City, give me leave here to give it a place a∣part, and therewith to finish my survey of the Suburbs, and then I shall enter the walls.

I have seen a presentment in Eire, inrolled in the Kings Exchequer of the 21. of Ed. 1. wherein (inter alia) this street (Westgate-street) is presented and avouched, how truly I know not, to have anciently belonged to the Citi∣zens of Canterbury, subject with the City to tax and aid; but in King Iohns time to have been taken from the City by Hubert the Archbishop, to the Cities great damage, in re∣gard merchants and men of worth and estates withdrew

themselves thither, and there hous'd themselves, and were defended of the Archbishop against the Cities impositions. But whether this part of our Cities Suburbs, were not from all Antiquity, as now it is, clearely exempted from the Franchese and Liberty thereof, because part of the Arch∣bishops Mannor (and Hundred) of Westgate, as we now call it, or of Stoursaete, as of old it was named, distinct from the City-Hundred (as it seemes it was no other of old) may deserve inquiry and consideration, and the rather (sith Doomsday Booke Records, that the Archbishop then chal∣lenged to have Forisfacturam in viis extra Civitatem ex utra∣que parte ubi terra sua est) because the Archbishop, in right of his See, is Dominus Fundi (Lord of the Soile) on either side this Street. It makes much for this what Edmerus a 4.37 said upward of 500 yeares agone, that in the Lands of the Arch∣bishopricke throughout the Kingdome, by an ancient cu∣stome and usage, the Archbishop hath the sole mannaging of things aswell humane, as divine. But enough of the street.

Somewhat I have heard of a Ferry sometime at this place, * 4.38 belonging, as I am told, to the Archbishop, who did ar∣rent it out for 16^d. per annum. But I have seene no record to warrant the relation, and therefore no more of that untill I be better instructed.

The Archbishop and the Citizens, both (as bound by oath, if I mistake not) standing in the defence and main∣tenance of their liberties, the one of his See, the other of their City, have anciently much differed about liberties here, but now and of a long time all such matters have been well accorded and settled betweene them; wherefore, and because I much desire they should ever so continue, ex pro∣fesso, I decline the discourse of their quarels, least I may seeme to rub up old sores.

Having now done with Westgate-street, I will take the next way into the City, and that is by Westgate. But ere we passe or enter further then the Gate, I must, according to my purposed method premise and say somewhat of the Wards of the City.

Notes

• * 1.1

  1. Particular.
• * 1.2

  This is meant of the Saxons, who entred this Kingdome, and were formerly Idolaters: but the Britaines were Christi∣ans almost from the time of our Savi∣ours death, and so they conti∣nued, though at this time, li∣ving with their Bishops in the remote parts of this Iland of Britainy.
• m 1.3

  Peramb. of Kent. in Cant.
• n 1.4

  Thorne. In vitis Abb. S^t Augu∣stini.
• * 1.5

  Vnlawfulnesse of buriall with∣in Cities.
• * 2.1

  Donalio situ•• Abbatiae.
• * 2.2

  Imprecatio.
• * 2.3

  Metae Abba∣tiae.
• * 2.4

  Donatio.
• * 2.5

  Imprecatio.
• * 2.6

  Termini.
• * 2.7

  Subscriptiones.
• * 2.8

  Sturiag. Chistelet.
• * 2.9

  Locus sepul∣turae Reg. & Archiepisc.
• * 2.10

  Immunitas monasterii.
• * 2.11

  Interminatio.
• * 2.12

  Testes.
• * 2.13

  Doroberniam Regis Metro∣polim vocat.
• * 2.14

  Abbatis ele∣ctio & condi∣tio.
• * 2.15

  Pontisices & Reges hic sepe∣liendi.
• * 2.16

  Confirmatio.
• p 2.17

  Lamb. per∣amb. of Kent in Canterbury.
• * 2.18

  Royall bene∣factours to S. Augustine•• Abbey.
• q 2.19

  Peramb. of Kent. in Cant.
• t 2.20

  Lib. Eccles. Christi Cant.
• * 2.21

  The Abbey of what value.
• s 2.22

  Leg. Athel∣stani in Archae∣on. Gul. Lamb. pag.
• * 2.23

  Abbat of S. Austins had coynage of money.
• * 2.24

  Dignified by the Pope with Mitre and san∣dals.
• t 2.25

  Interprete in verb. Abbat. pag. 2.
• u 2.26

  Reyner in ap∣pendice ad Apo∣stolat. Benedi∣ctin. pag. 53.
• x 2.27

  Lamb. Per∣amb. of Kent in Canterbury.
• * 2.28

  Abby infected by the Danes.
• y 2.29

  Antiq. Brit. In vita Celnoths. pag. 72.
• * 2.30

  Abbey fired.
• * 2.31

  Abbey almost drowned.
• * 2.32

  Vide Antiq. Brit. in initio vitae Kildward∣by. Mortmaine.
• * 2.33

  〈◊〉〈◊〉. Ed. 1.
• * 2.34

  Impropriati∣ons.
• z 2.35

  Downings Discourse Conclus. 3. § 5.
• a 2.36

  Fox. Acts and Monum. vol. 2. pag. 85.
• * 2.37

  29. Hen. 8. 24. Decembris.
• b 2.38

  Hist. pag. 294.
• * 2.39

  〈◊〉〈◊〉. Particular.
• * 2.40

  Almnery.
• c 2.41

  Liber Eccles. Christi Cant.
• d 2.42

  Thorne in ejus vita.
• * 2.43

  Refectory.
• * 2.44

  Ethelberts Tower.
• e 2.45

  Hist. pag. 294.
• * 2.46

  S^t Pancrace Chapell.
• * 2.47

  Thorne.
• f 2.48

  Penes Regi∣strum Domini Archid. Cant.
• g 2.49

  Ecclesiastic. Hist. lib. 1. cap. 26.
• * 2.50

  Church yard.
• h 2.51

  Sic in Compo∣sitione inter Abbatiam & Civitatem, de qua pag. 275.
• * 2.52

  A piece of Monkish po∣licy.
• * 2.53

  S^t Martin.
• i 2.54

  Bede Eccles. Hist. lib. 1. cap. 25.
• k 2.55

  Vide Britan∣niar. Ecclesiar. Antiquitates. cap. 6. pag. 130.
• l 2.56

  Ms. in Archi∣vis Eccles Chri∣sti Cant.
• m 2.57

  Peramb. of Kent in Cant••b.
• n 2.58

  De qua vide Malmesbur. de g••st. po••t. lib. 1. pag. 2••3.
• o 2.59

  Canon Chorepis∣copi. 68. distinct.
• p 2.60

  Lambert ubi supra.
• * 2.61

  Mote.
• * 2.62

  Verstegan.
• * 2.63

  Lukedale.
• * 2.64

  Long port.
• * 2.65

  Doge's Chan∣tery.
• * 2.66

  Nonnery.
• q 2.67

  Charta Eccles. Christi Cant.
• r 2.68

  Liber Eccles. Christi Cant.
• * 2.69

  Summarium. Summagium.
• s 2.70

  Liber Memo∣ratus. Minchen-Wood.
• t 2.71

  Lexic. Philolog. in v••rb. Non∣nus.
• u 2.72

  Lib. eccles. Cantuar.
• x 2.73

  Charta vctus Hospit.
• y 2.74

  Liber Eccles. Bant.
• * 2.75

  Nunnes inclo∣sed.
• z 2.76

  Vide Wal∣singham. Hist. Angl. de A^o 28 Ed. 1. & Anno Dom. 1301.
• a 2.77

  Liber Eccl••s. Cant. Elisabeth Barton
• * 2.78

  The Pope.
• * 2.79

  Elisabeth Barton the false oracl of the Roma∣nists.
• * 2.80

  The assiste•• of this false Prophetesse.
• * 2.81

  Reade Statute in Anno 25. H. 8.
• * 2.82

  The counter∣feiting of Eli∣zabeth Barton.
• * 2.83

  Edw. Hall. Iohn Stow. Hollinsh.
• * 2.84

  Cranmer. Cromwell. Latimer.
• * 2.85

  Elisabeth Barton. Edward Bock∣ing. Richard Deering. Richard Risby. Richard Masters. H••y Gould. Two Monks.
• * 2.86

  S Sepulchres Church.
• b 2.87

  Rentale vetus Ec••lesie Christi Cantuar.
• c 2.88

  Lib. testamen∣to••. penes reg••st. Dom. Archid. Cant. S. Lawrence.
• d 2.89

  Wever of an∣cient funer. Monum. pag. 255.
• e 2.90

  The whole revenewes at the Collection were rated at 131^•. 7^•. 10^d.
• f 2.91

  Lib. dict. Hosp.
• g 2.92

  Vid. Cat. Ar∣chid. pag. 200.
• h 2.93

  Gloss. D. H. Spelman. pag. 411.
• i 2.94

  Liber. Hosp. S^ti Lawrentii.
• k 2.95

  Liber. Hosp. Pauperum Sa∣••dotum.
• l 2.96

  Lib. S^• Law∣rentii praed.
• m 2.97

  Lib. in Regi∣stro Domini Ar•• chid. Cant.
• * 2.98

  Dodindale.
• n 2.99

  Cambden ibidem.
• o 2.100

  Lib. S^ti Law∣rentii.
• p 2.101

  Hist. of Tithes. cap. 11. num 1. pag. 316.
• q 2.102

  Animadver∣sions. 2. Edit. pag. 123. & ••24.
• * 2.103

  Monkesdane.
• * 2.104

  Saint Iacobs.
• r 2.105

  Peramb. of Kent in Cant.
• s 2.106

  Ancient fu∣ner. Monum. pag. 238.
• t 2.107

  Liber Eccl••s. Christi Cant.
• u 2.108

  Ibidem.
• x 3.1

  Cap. 2. de ec∣cles. aedificand. Cui adjungas velim Statuta Huberti Ar∣chiep. in Hove∣den. pag. 809. edit. Francof.
• y 3.2

  Liber Registri Domini Archid. Cant.
• * 3.3

  Herbaldowne Hospitall.
• * 3.4

  Leprosie.
• z 3.5

  Britan. in Leicestershire.
• a 3.6

  Idem, Ibidem.
• * 4.1

  Burton Lazars.
• b 4.2

  Hist. Novor. lib. 1. pag.
• c 4.3

  Iuter chartas Hosp. S. Iohan∣nis extra North∣gate.
• d 4.4

  Inter Chartas Hospitalis.
• * 4.5

  S. Nicholas Church.
• e 4.6

  Lib. Eccles. Christi Cant.
• f 4.7

  Prout in Char∣ta quad. hujus Hosp.
• g 4.8

  Lib. de East∣bridge.
• * 4.9

  Harbal downe Chantery.
• h 4.10

  Vide pag. 241.
• i 4.11

  Ancient su∣ner. Monum. pag. 259.
• * 4.12

  Hakynton. Bea••sherne.
• * 4.13

  S^t Thomas. hill.
• * 4.14

  Barton.
• k 4.15

  Perambulati∣on of Kent in Norwood.
• * 4.16

  Iesus-Hospital.
• l 4.17

  Hist. Novor. lib. 1. pag.
• * 4.18

  Saint Grego∣ries.
• m 4.19

  Tolyd. Virg. de Invent. Rer. lib. 7. cap. 3.
• n 4.20

  Reyner Apo∣stolat. Benedict. in Appendice. pag 66.
• o 4.21

  Apostolat. Be∣ned. pag. 158.
• p 4.22

  Lib. Registri Consistor. Cant.
• q 4.23

  Lib. eccles. Christi. Cant.
• r 4.24

  Lambert Per∣amb. of Kent in Canterbury.
• s 4.25

  Lib. Consistorii Cant.
• t 4.26

  Lib. ejusdem Consistorii.
• * 4.27

  Controversie between the City and S. Gregories.
• u 4.28

  Vide postea pag. 187.
• * 4.29

  S^t Thomas Chapell.
• x 4.30

  Penes registrum Consistor. Cant.
• * 4.31

  Christ-Church Watercourse.
• * 4.32

  S^t Iohns Ho∣spitall.
• * 4.33

  Chapell.
• y 4.34

  Penes Regist. Consist. praedict.
• z 4.35

  Ibidem.
• * 4.36

  Westgate-street.
• a 4.37

  Hist. Novor. lib. 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• * 4.38

  Ferry.