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Frontmatter
TABLES, MAPS, AND FIGURES
DATES, MEASURES, AND USAGES
1 Introduction: The Political Economy of the Taiwan Frontier
The Stage and Major Actors
Aborigine Land Rights
Overview
Limits and Goals of the Present Study
PART I: THE PLAINS ABORIGINES AND THE EARLIEST STAGES OF CHINESE PENETRATION
2 Aboriginal Taiwan in the Early Seventeenth Century
Prehistory
Aborigine Livelihoods
Aborigine Trade
Aborigine Population: The Puzzle of Village Size
3 The Dutch Era, 1624-1661
The Expansion of Dutch Control over the Aborigines
The Spanish in the North and the Consolidation of Dutch Rule
Local Administration
Missionary Work in the Native Villages
Missionary Authority and the Company
Dutch Administration of the Aborigine Trade
The Transformation of Aborigine Agriculture
The Growth of the Chinese Colony
4 The Cheng Era, 1661-1683
Cheng Ch'eng-kung's Conquest
The Cheng Administration
The Last Days of the Chengs
5 Taxation and Administration of the Aborigines in the Early Ch'ing
Establishing Ch'ing Rule
Ch'ing Taxation of the Aborigines
Ch'ing Taxation of the Feng-shan Eight
Abuse and Reform in Aborigine Tax Collection
Aborigine Corvee
Aborigine Revolts and Official Response
The Ta-chia-hsi Revolt of 1731-1732
Reconstruction and the Reform of 1737
PART II: CH'ING QUARANTINE POLICIES AND THE SPREAD OF HAN SETTLEMENT
6 Immigration and Han Settlement
Colonization Policy Debates
Restrictions on Immigration
The Chu I-kuei Rebellion
Immigration Policies After the Rebellion
Population Growth
The Emergence of a Rice and Sugar Export Economy
The Spread of Han Settlements and Markets
7 Ch'ing Administration of the Han
Taiwan as a Strategic Periphery
Boundaries and the Quarantine Policy on the Frontier
The Extension of the Military Presence
The Extension of the Civil Administration
Cultural Policy, Education, and Examinations
8 The Fiscal Administration of Taiwan
Taxation of the Han and the Structure of Local Finance
Frontier Land Reclamation
Changing Land-Tax Rates
PART III: ACCOMMODATION THROUGH THE FRONTIER LAND-TENURE SYSTEM
9 The Evolution of Aborigine Land Rights
Government Recognition of Tribal Land Claims
Policy and Practice on the K'ang-hsi Era Frontier
Paying the Tribal Tax in Exchange for Land
The Emergence of the Aborigine Large-Rent Model
Tribal Land Claims in the Yung-cheng Era
Boundary Policy and Practice in the Yung-cheng Era
Restricting Reclamation of Aborigine Land, 1737-1746
Policy and Practice on the Frontier, 1747-1756
The Shift to Accommodation, 1757-1761
The Subprefecture for Aborigine Affairs, 1766
Exempting Aborigine Lands from Taxation, 1767-1768 and 1788
Maturation of the Aborigine Large-Rent System, 1768-1785
Conclusions
10 Han Communal Strife and Aborigine Military Colonies
Immigrant Social Organization and Communal Strife
Prelude to Rebellion, 1782-1786
The Role of Aborigines in the Lin Shuang-wen Campaigns
Government Policies to Contain Communal Strife
Fu-k'ang-an's Plan for Aborigine Military Colonies
Surveying and Distributing Lands Beyond the Boundary
Organizing the Colonies
Taiwan Pacified?
Nineteenth-Century Developments
11 The Transformation of Plains Aborigine Cultures
Economic Adaptations to the Declining Deer Trade
Civilization and Sinicization
Education Policy
Differential Sinicization
Kinship Change, Gender, and Intermarriage
Internal Stratification and Migration
12 Conclusion: Frontier Management, Land Tenure, and the Late Imperial State
China's Southern Frontiers
Northeast China
Strategy, Revenue, and Control Costs in Frontier Administration
APPENDIXES
A Village Sites of the Plains Aborigines
B Tax Quotas of the Plains Tribes
C Measures of Land and Grain
D Measures of Governmental Presence in Eighteenth-Century China
E Territorial Organization of the Aborigine Military Colonies
F Indians and Settlers in North America
REFERENCE MATTER
Notes
Bibliography
Character List
Index
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